Vallota (cirtanus) fure ne na dangin Amaryllis ko "ruwan Lily." Theasar shine asalin yankin Kudancin Afirka, mai suna bayan masanin ilimin botanist Pierre Vallo. Girma a matsayin ɗakin fure daga ƙarni na 17. Akwai kusan nau'ikan 60.
Bayanin Wallots
Yana nufin tsiran tsirrai. Ganyenta suna da tsayi, koren duhu mai duhu da kuma kunkuntar har zuwa cm 65, mai yin fasalin fanfalaki, zagaye a ƙarshen, matte ko mai sheki Gashinan takardar shine tintaccen launin shuɗi. Ya girma daga kwan fitila mai launin kwai na launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda, wanda, yayin da yake girma, yana ɗaukar kamannin pear, 4-8 cm a diamita, an rufe shi da sikeli daga waje.
Kyakkyawan furanni kusa da wallota tare da fure mai launin furanni suna fure sau biyu a shekara. The peduncle yana da laima na inflorescences 6-8. Stamens rawaya, furanni daban-daban palettes, dangane da iri-iri.
Itace ta banbanta yadda ake kafa yara, wanda bai fito ba a gindi uwar gwal, amma mafi girma. Idan yara sun kasance tushen, to, za su yi zurfi cikin ƙasa.
Arian bambanta na walƙiya
A baya can, nau'ikan halittu uku ne kacal suka kasance na dangin Vallota, waɗanda suka wuce daga asalin halittar Cirtantus, alal misali, launin ruwan hoda da kyawawan wallota. Sabili da haka, yanzu, alal misali, kyawawan launuka galibi ana kiransu daɗaɗɗa, wato, cirtanthus ko amaryllis mai tsayi. Mutane da yawa iri da aka bred daga gare su da aka samu nasarar girma a gida.
- M - tare da inuwa na zaitun na ganye, har zuwa tsawon cm 30. Inflorescences shine 6 cm a diamita, guda 8 suna a kan kibiya. Furen furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da ja, furannin fure.
- Kyawawan kyau - tana da dogon kunkuntar ganyen zaitun mai duhu har zuwa faɗin cm cm 45 - cm 3. Farar palet fari, ja, ruwan hoda. Tsawon Peduncle ya kai 60 cm, fure a ƙarshen bazara.
Iri:
- Farar fata - kyawawan launuka masu launin fata, sun kira shi Lily na kaka.
- Aturearamin - tare da sifar layi na ganyayyaki da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
- Brachiscifus - kunkuntar, dogo mai tsayi, ganye da furanni.
- Mackenna wata itaciya ce da take da kullun da take girma a kusa da tafkuna. Ya fi son babban zafi da inuwa.
- Alba farar fata ce da farin farin-cream ɗin.
- Babban - inuwa mai duhu mai duhu, ko ruwan hoda da farin ratsi.
- Orarami - ƙananan furanni ruwan hoda mai haske da kuma kunkuntar ganye.
- Magnifica - jan furanni tare da farin ido.
Wasu nau'ikan suna yin inflorescences sau 2 a kowace kakar.
Siffofin kulawa da wallot a gida
Kula da wallot ɗin bashi da sauƙi, girma yana buƙatar ƙara kulawa a gida.
| Sigogi | Lokacin girma har zuwa karshen lokacin fure (Afrilu - Satumba) | Lokacin hutawa (Oktoba - Afrilu) |
| Haske | Da safe da maraice don samar da damar yin amfani da hasken rana, zuwa inuwa da rana. Kasancewar gabas, kudu maso yamma, gefen kudu. | |
| Zazzabi | Matsakaici - + 20 ... +25 ° С. | Cool zuwa + 9 ... +12 ° C |
| Watse | Mai hankali, sau biyu a mako a ƙarƙashin tushe, ba tare da faɗuwa akan furanni ba, ganye. | Sau biyu a wata. |
| Haushi | Don fesa a lokacin rani, a lokacin zafi, a zazzabi sama da + 23 ... +25 ° C. Kada ku sami shiga a cikin filayen, shafa su tare da zane mai bushe. | Ba a buƙata. |
| Manyan miya | Sau biyu a cikin kwanaki 14 ko 20 tare da takin zamani na kwararan fitila (bisa ga umarnin). | |
Tukwici:
- Yi amfani da ruwan sama ko ruwa mai tacewa, tabbatar ka cire shi daga ruwan kwalin.
- A lokacin bazara, ciyar da abubuwan da ke ƙunshe da sinadarin foshorus don samar da fure.
- Yakamata a hana ruwa kusa da fari, haka kuma, in ba haka ba fure zata sauke ganye.
Dokoki don shiga jirgi, dasawa
An dasa tsiron ne bayan shekara uku, lokacin da lokacin sanyi ya ƙare. Zaɓin iya aiki bai wuce 10 cm a diamita ba. Madadin dasa shine za'a ɗauka friable (humus, ƙasa turɓaya, yashi daidai). Don malalewa sun haɗa ƙananan ƙananan bulo, baƙaƙe. An dasa kwan fitila 1/3, nesa daga gare ta zuwa bangon jita-jita ya kamata ya zama cm cm 3-4 Bayan dasawa, yana ɗaukar lokaci kafin Tushen ya yi girma. Ana sanya tukunyar fure daga hasken rana.
Kiwo
Wallot yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba da ƙananan kwararan fitila (yara).
Abubuwan da aka tattara a cikin kaka suna cikin soyayyen haɓaka mai haɓaka (Kornevin, humate potassium), sannan an shuka shi. Abun da ya ƙunshi ƙasa a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 1: 1: peat, yashi, turɓaya da ƙasa mai ɗorewa. Rufe tare da fim, iska. Zazzabi - + 18 ° С. Harbe yana fitowa wata daya daga baya. Seedlings nutse har bayan watanni 6. Yin ruwa kadan, haske yana haifar da kyau. A cikin hunturu, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a +16 ° C. Dasawa cikin shekaru biyu.
Sake bugun ta da kwararan fitila na matasa - an rabasu da uwa, an dasa su daban, mara tushe. Ba a shayar da ruwa sosai ba, fure zai shigo cikin shekaru 2.
Abubuwan hawan ruwa
Idan fure baya faruwa a ƙarshen bazara, tukunyar tayi girma da yawa, ba a dasa shukar shuka na dogon lokaci ba ko kuma lokacin da aka keta dokar tayi.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Vallota ba shi da lafiya mai wahala, yana jure microorganisms. Idan ba a bi ka'idodin kulawa ba, cututtukan fungal da kwari sun mamaye ta.
| Cutar / kwaro | Bayyanai | Matakan sarrafawa |
| Grey rot | Turaren launin ruwan kasa akan ganye. | Lalacewa, raba fure daga wasu tsire-tsire, bi da tare da fungicides Vitaros, Maxim, Topsin-M. |
| Fusarium | Gamsai bayyana a kan kwararan fitila, da furanni wither, alagammana. | Cire sassan da suka lalace, bi da sassan tare da carbon mai kunnawa, sannan Fundazol, watsa shi cikin sabon tukunya da ƙasa. Idan ba a kula da shari'ar ba, tofar da shuka. |
| Tushen rot | Ganye, wither mutu. | Don share lahani, don amfani da funirinides na Alirin, Glyokladin, don canzawa. |
| Spider mite | Rawanin rawaya suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, sun bushe, an rufe su da farin shafin yanar gizo. | Fesa tare da maganin sabulu mai wanki, Fitoverm, Derris, Akalin. |
| Garkuwa | Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki. | Bi da tare da kwari (Fitoverm, Karbofos, Aktara) |
| Aphids | Ganyen kwari suna bayyane. | Yi amfani da Actellik, Fitoverm. |
| Macijin ciki | Akwai dunƙule fulati akan mai tushe. | Shafa tare da barasa, diluted da ruwa, jiko na taba, tafarnuwa. |
Don rigakafin, gurbata ƙasa a cikin tanda ko zuba tafasasshen ruwa kafin dasa, lura da yanayin ban ruwa, da tsarin zafin jiki.
Mista Dachnik yayi bayani: alamu da camfi da Wallot
Vallota yana da tasiri ga annashuwa, yanayi mai kyau. Launin ja mai launin ja yana taimakawa ƙirƙirar yanayi na jin daɗi da ɗumi. Wani mutum a gabanta ya huta, tashin hankali, tunani mara kyau ya tafi. Ana kirkirar kuzarin lafiya. Kasancewa a cikin al'amura, masu mallaka suna samun ƙarfi.
Vallota - inji mai dafi
Furen na Vallota mai guba ne, yana dauke da sinadarin alkaloid Ligroin, wanda yake aiki akan narkewar narkewar abinci kuma yana haifar da jan gashi, ƙoshin fata. Dole ne a kula. Sanya tukunya mafi girma idan kuna da ƙananan yara a gida. Ganyayyaki, furanni, kwararan fitila sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba da yawa, kuna buƙatar wanke hannayenku nan da nan bayan an taɓa su. Juyawa yakamata ayi tare da safofin hannu.
