Girma abarba a gida

Abarba abune na gidan Bromeliad, shine kaɗai 'ya'yan itacen cin abinci. Asali daga Paraguay, Kolumbia, Brazil. Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan 8 waɗanda ke girma a cikin yanayi kuma suna girma a cikin gidajen kore kamar shuka na ornamental. An kawo abarba zuwa Holland a cikin karni na 16, sannan 'ya'yan itaciyar suka bazu ko'ina cikin Turai, ƙarni biyu daga baya suka bayyana a Rasha. Ganyen ƙwayoyin tayin yana ƙunshe da dukkanin bitamin da ma'adinai da suke buƙata ga ɗan adam.

Bayanin abarba

Abarba - perennial, a lokacin kakar girma siffofin m fleshy ganye tattara ta Rosette. Ganyenta succulents ne, sun iya tara danshi a kyallen. Daga tsawon 30 zuwa 100 cm 100. Tsawonsa, mai yawa mai girma yana girma daga asalin Rosal. An kafa farfajiyar a cikin lemo, har zuwa tsawon cm 50. Furannin suna fure kamar; lokacin da aka fado, rosette da katako suna bayyana akan kolin. Lokacin fure na tsohuwar shuka shekaru 3-4 yana farawa daga Mayu zuwa Yuli. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu nauyi zuwa 5 kilogiram, mai laushi, mai daɗi da tsami, suna kama da babban mazugi na coniferous tare da tarin gajeren ganye a saman. Tushen tushe ba shi da ƙarfi, zurfin 30 cm.

Fasali da nau'ikan abarba na gida

A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, shuka ya kai tsayin mitoci, tare da inci biyu na mita biyu. Dakin yana girma kawai zuwa 70 cm.

Zabi da kuma shirin dasa kayan

Hanya mafi sauki don shuka abarba a gida shine daga kambi ko ganyen ganye. Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da 'ya'yan itace cikakke, ba tare da alamun cutar da kwari ba. Ganyen ya kamata ya zama kore ba tare da rawaya da launin shuɗi ba, fata kuma launin ruwan kasa ne, mai wuya ga taɓawa.

Ba'a ba da shawarar ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace da aka saya a cikin hunturu ba, zai fi dacewa a lokacin rani ko farkon fall.

Shiri na kayan don saukowa daga mataki zuwa mataki:

• A hankali a yanka shi da wuka mai kaifi, ba tare da taɓa ainihin ko murza shi ba tare da miƙe ba.
• Suna tsabtace sauran ɓangaren litattafan almara da wuka.
• Ana cire ganye na ƙasa.
• An yanka cut ɗin da gawayi.
• An sanya sashin da aka yanke a tsaye don bushewa na makonni biyu.
• Bayan haka, an sanya su cikin akwati da ruwa ko tare da ƙasa mai shirya.
• Yi jita-jita tare da ruwa ya zama duhu, sanya saman 3-4 cm, ba gaba ɗaya ba.
• Bayan ƙirƙirar tushen, sa a tawul takarda don ya bushe.

Bayan abubuwan da aka ɗauka, ana dasa su cikin ƙasa mai tazara da abinci mai gina jiki.

Abarba na dasa

Don dasa shuki na gida, an zaɓi tukunya mai faɗi tare da diamita na 14 cm, an shimfiɗa matattarar ruwa a ƙasa. Samu ƙasa don dabino. Wani lokacin su dafa kansu: yashi, humus, a ko'ina raba yanki yanki. Duniya an pre-steamed ko bi da tare da bayani na potassium permanganate. Dasa a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, bar 2 cm zuwa gefen ganga .. Rufe tare da fim.

Bayan watanni biyu, tushen yakan faru. A wannan karon an zubar da duniya ne kawai. Samuwar ganyen matasa yana nuna cewa tsiron ya ɗauki tushe. Tsohuwar, bushewa ana cirewa. An sanya ƙarfin a cikin wuri mai haske. An shayar dashi saboda ruwa ya kasance a cikin mazurari daga ganyayyaki. Shekaru biyu baya, jiran fure.

Kula da abarba a gida

Cikin gida don kiwo abarba ya haifar da kulawa ta musamman.

Ba a bukatar yin kwalliya na abarba; tsofaffin ganye, bushe ganye ana cire su lokaci-lokaci tare da almakashi mai kaifi ba tare da taɓa kyallen takarda ba. An dasa ƙwayar matasa a kowace shekara, da kuma girma - idan ƙarfin ya zama ƙanana da tushen ya fita waje. Yi shi ta hanyar wucewa.

Yadda za a ta da fure

Idan bayan shekaru da yawa shuka bai yi fure ba - ana hanzarta aiwatar da amfani da alli carbide, wanda ke kwantar da ethylene. Ana nace tablespoon na rana guda a cikin gilashin rufe gilashi, sannan a tace. Ana fitar da ganyen ganye tare da sakamakon maganin 50 g na mako guda. Bayan wata daya da rabi, farjin zai bayyana yawanci. Idan shuka bai yi fure ba, bai kai lokacin balaga ba.

Sauran hanyoyin - saka jaka ta apples a cikin kwano tare da abarba ko hayaki sau ɗaya a mako: kyandir, sigarin sigari yana barin kusa, kuma an rufe shuka. Akwai matakai guda huɗu a wata.

Yaduwa da abarba na cikin gida

Bayan fruiting, inji ya mutu, wannan na iya faruwa a cikin 'yan shekaru. A wannan lokacin, ana aiwatar da hanyoyin gefen, suna zama a keɓe daban. Suna Bloom kafin saman. Yanke ko yanke harbe daga mashigar uwar lokacin da suka girma zuwa cm 20. Zuba wuraren wuraren yanka da tokar katako. Bayan bushewa, dasa.

Don ƙasa, ana ba da shawarar sigar mai suna: turf ƙasa, humus ganye, yashi kogi. Kasar zazzabi + 24 ° С. Bayan dasa, an rufe su saboda fim ɗin baya taɓa ganyayyaki (don wannan sun sanya goyon baya).

Seeding ba hanya ce mai sauki ba. Da farko, an cire su daga cikakke ɓangaren litattafan almara. Tsarin semicircular na 3-4 cm a tsayi, launin ruwan kasa ko launin shuɗi, ya dace da shuka. Wanke a cikin manganese, bushe. Don kwana guda sun saka shi kan adiko na goge baki, rufe na biyu, sanya a wuta don germination. Sown a cikin ƙasa daga ƙasa sheet, peat da yashi ɗauke daidai daidai da 1.5 cm. Tare da rufe fim. Ana ba da haske ta hanyar haske, iska tana da zafi da laima, shayarwa abu ne na yau da kullun. Tsarin iska Tsaba yana girma na dogon lokaci, daga watanni 2 zuwa 6. Bayan fitowar sprouts da samuwar ganye na uku, takin tare da tsintsin tsuntsu (teaspoon a kowace lita na ruwa). Ja ruwa lokacin isa 6 cm na girma.

Cututtuka, kwari, matsaloli a cikin maganin abarba na cikin gida

Karin kwari kusan ba su kai hari ga shuka a ƙarƙashin duk yanayin kulawa: