Epiphyllum - kulawa ta gida, nau'in hoto, haifuwa

Epiphyllum (Epiphyllum) - kyakkyawan kyakkyawan fure mai fure ne daga dangin murtsunguwa. A cikin al'adun daki, an girma a matsayin shuka mai kyau. An kwatanta shi da tsayi, mai laushi mai tushe tare da lebur ko gefuna trihedral. Furanni masu girma ne, masu kifin ciki. Ana kuma kiranta phyllocactus.

A gindi an rufe shi da kananan sikeli da kuma kashin baya. A cikin yanayin, yana haɓaka azaman epiphyte; a cikin yanayi na cikin gida yana girma da kyau akan musanya. Wurin haifuwar epiphyllum yanki ne mai cike da wurare masu zafi da kuma yankuna na Kudancin Amurka.

Hakanan tabbatar da duba yadda ake girma pear mai girma a cikin yanayi na cikin gida.

Dukiya mai amfani

Za'a iya cin 'ya'yan itacen nama na phyllocactus. Abubuwan da suke warkewa shine sananne har ma ga 'yan asalin Indiya. A cikin magungunan mutane, ana amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace Dreamland da ganyayyaki na Dreamland don magance psoriasis kuma azaman mai tsarkakewa hanji.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Epiphyllum a gida yana girma sosai kawai:

Epiphyllum: kulawar gida. Daki-daki

Kula da epiphyllum a gida ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin wasu ƙa'idodi.

Gudun ruwa

Lokacin fure na ganyen ganye ya fadi a ƙarshen bazara - farkon bazara. Yaro, tsire-tsire masu tasowa sun yalwace da manyan furanni masu kamshi masu launin fari, ja ko ruwan hoda. Bugu da kari, kowane fure yakai tsawon kwana 5.

Yadda za a ta da fure

Don ta da fure na epiphyllum, a cikin kaka duk tsoffin harbe an yanke su akan shuka. Idan a cikin hunturu an sa shi a yanayin zafi mai zafi, ana aiwatar da wani abu a cikin bazara.

A lokacin trimming, an cire duk bakin ciki da na elongated harbe.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Epiphyllum yana girma a zazzabi na + 23-25 ​​°. Tare da farkon kaka, za a rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 15 °. Hakanan yana yin sanyi sosai a + 5 °, don haka idan akwai wargia ko veranda za a iya fitar dashi waje.

Fesa

Epiphyllum na gida yana dacewa daidai da yanayin zafi na yanayi. Amma idan zazzabi a cikin dakin ya tashi sama da + 26 °, dole ne a fesa tsire yau da kullun. Spraying kuma wajibi ne a lokacin da m girma na ganye taro da kuma lokacin fure.

Haske

Ana buƙatar haske mai haske amma ya baza ko'ina. Don haɓakawarsa, windows na gabas ko tsarin yamma ya fi dacewa. Kuna iya shuka succulents daga gefen arewa, amma fure a wannan yanayin zai zama mai rauni.

Saboda haka, daji ci gaba a ko'ina, tukunya da shuka dole ne a juya ta lokaci-lokaci. Koyaya, tare da farawar toho da kuma lokacin furanni, ba za a iya yin wannan ba. Duk furanni na iya crumble.

Watse

A lokacin rani, ana shayar a kai a kai kuma suna wadatasu. Amma a lokaci guda, saman ƙasa tsakanin ban ruwa ya kamata ya bushe kaɗan. A cikin hunturu, ana shuka shayar da wuya. Yawancin lokaci, sau 1-2 a wata ya isa. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa + 5 °, yawan shayarwa ya tsaya.

Wiwi

Itacen epiphyllum an girma a gida a cikin filastik mai fili ko kwantena. Babban abu shine cewa ana yin ramin magudanan ruwa a kasan su. Duk da cewa shi hygrophilous, stagnation of danshi ne m a gare shi.

Kasar

Don haɓaka epiphyllum, ana amfani da haske, ƙasa mai amfani. Don tattara cakuda ƙasa, ana amfani da humus, ƙasar ƙasa da yashi, ana ɗaukar su daidai gwargwado. Canjin masana'antu na cacti ma ya dace don haɓaka. Kafin amfani, an haxa shi da peat a cikin rabo na 1: 1.

Taki da taki

A lokacin lokacin girma da kuma lokacin furanni, ana ciyar da su kowane mako 2.

Don riguna na sama, takin da ke da wadataccen abu na phosphorus da potassium an zaɓi, nitrogen yana cutarwa a gare shi.

Juyawa

Ana aiwatar da aikin dasa Epiphyllum bayan ƙarshen lokacin fure. An ba da izinin shuka don huta har tsawon wata daya kawai sai a ci gaba da juyawa. Samari, ƙwayoyin samfuran haɓaka masu girma suna dasa shi a shekara. Tsoffin tsire-tsire yayin da suke girma, kowane shekaru 2-3.

Mai jan tsami

Epiphyllum yana buƙatar pruning akai. Ana aiwatar da shi a cikin kaka, kafin farkon lokacin hutawa. A kan shuka, duk an jona, karkatattun harbe da lalace an cire su. Lokacin gyara, ya kamata a lura da yanayin aiki. Buds an dage farawa kawai a cikin harbe na bara.

Lokacin hutawa

Don yawan furanni masu yawa, epiphyllum yana buƙatar lokaci mai laushi. Tsire-tsire suna cikin zafi ma suyi fure, amma ba haka ba tsawon lokaci da yalwatacce. Sauran lokacin yana daga ƙarshen Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu.

A wannan lokacin ana kiyaye su a + 10-12 °.

Girma Epiphyllum daga Tsaba

Kamar mafi yawan sauran maye gurbin, abu ne mai sauki mu shuka daga tsaba. An shuka su a cikin cakuda ƙasa ba tare da haɗuwa mai zuwa ba. Shuka kwantena don kula da babban zafi an rufe shi da fim kuma ana kiyaye shi a zazzabi na + 25 °. Dole ne a girka amfanin gona cikin lokaci-lokaci yayin da ake cire tarin ƙwaro.

Harbe yana bayyana bayan makonni 2-3. Bayan haka, an cire fim nan da nan. Da farko, seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings sun samo sifa mai fasali wanda ba halayyar ƙwayar epiphyllum ba, za su zama lebur bayan watanni 3-4 na namo. Shuke-shuke da aka girma daga tsaba sun cika bayan shekaru 4-5.

Epiphyllum yaduwa ta hanyar yankan

The fi na bara bunƙasa harbe su dace da kiwo. Yanke of 10-15 cm tsayi ne daga gare su .. Dalilinsu dole ne nau'i-nau'i. Bayan wannan, an yanke ganyen na tsawon kwanaki 2-3 har sai an nuna sifofin ɓawon burodi mai ƙyalli a kan yanke. Ana amfani da yashi mai tsabta ko ƙasa don succulents don dasa.

Yanke ana dasa su a tsaye zuwa zurfin 1 cm. Wanda aka shuka daga tsiro ya ɓoye farkon shekara mai zuwa.

Hakanan, ana iya yin kaikayi a saman ruwa. A saboda wannan, bayan bushewa, an sanya su a cikin akwati domin ɓangaren su yana kusa da saman ruwa yadda zai yiwu. Bayan samuwar tushen tushen primordia, ana dasa ciyawar nan take a cikin substrate.

Epiphyllum yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji

Ya balaga, yaduwar phyllocactus bushes yayin dasawa za'a iya raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa. Kowane ɗayan delenoks ya riga ya girma, ya zama kyakkyawan shuka. Bayan rarrabuwa, daji ya fara zuwa shekara ta gaba.

Cutar da kwari

Florists galibi suna fuskantar matsaloli da yawa:

• Epiphyllum ba ya yin fure. Lokacin fure yana iya kasancewa ba ya nan saboda rashin jituwa da yanayin hunturu, rashin walƙiya, nitrogen wuce haddi a cikin ƙasa. Wajibi ne don daidaita yanayin tsarewa, samar da shuka tare da madaidaitan hunturu a isasshen matakin hasken.
• Budsanyun sun faɗi. Matsalar ta taso yayin juyawa ko motsa shuka.
• Baƙar fata a kan ganye bayyana a sakamakon ci gaban baƙar fata rot. Dole ne a kula da shuka da abun ya shafa da maganin kashe-kashe, kamar su Fundazole.
• Haske launin ruwan kasa mai haske akan ganyayyaki nuna ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Hakanan ana amfani da fungicides don magani.
• Rawaya-ja a kan ganye sune sakamakon ruwa yayin yin ruwa a rana.
• Tushen rot. Matsalar na faruwa ne tare da yawan wuce gona da iri da kuma rashin magudanan ruwa. Don adana shuka, ana yin guguwar gaggawa tare da cire tushen lalatata.
• Harbe ƙanana da kuma rasa turgor tare da rashin danshi da fitowar rana. Itace yana buƙatar samar da isasshen ruwa ta motsa tukunyar zuwa wani wuri mai cike da walƙiya.
• Fice ganye epiphyllum. Lokacin amfani da babban miya tare da nitrogen, faranti na ganye na iya fashe. Dole a dakatar da takin ƙasa na ɗan lokaci.

Daga cikin kwari mafi sau da yawa samu: mealybug, gizo-gizo mite, thrips. Don magance su, ana amfani da kwari na musamman.

Nau'in nau'in epiphyllum tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin ciyawar cikin gida, ana amfani da nau'ikan waɗannan masu zuwa:

Epiphyllum anguliger ko angular Epiphyllum anguliger

Branarfafa nau'ikan jinsin tare da zagaye ko trihedral mai tushe lignified a gindi. Tsawon mai tushe zai iya kaiwa mita 1 ko fiye. Furannin suna da matsakaici da yawa a ja mai haske.

Epiphyllum oxypetalum, Epsthyllum oxypetalum

An san nau'in halittar manyan tsire-tsire har zuwa tsayin mita 3. The mai tushe ne lebur da wavy gefuna. Furanni suna da girma sosai, matsakaicin su shine 15 cm ko fiye.

Epiphyllum Hooker Epiphyllum hookeri

An kwatanta shi da doguwar guduna mai tushe da furanni fari. A vivo yana girma a Kyuba.

Epiphyllum crenatum Epiphyllum

Hanya na launin ruwan hoda-kore har zuwa 80 cm tsayi, tare da gefuna sassaka. Girman dutsen furanni kusan cm 15 ne launinsu ya bambanta da iri-iri.

Phyllanthus Epiphyllum phyllanthus

A vivo yana girma a Kudancin Amurka. Tsawon harbe ya kai mita 1. Furanni masu ruwan hoda, masu girma sosai.

Epiphyllum Guatemalan Epiphyllum guatemalense

The mai tushe kunshi sassa kama ganye itacen oak ganye a siffar. Girman kowane mahaɗin kowane shine kusan cm 5. Furen zai iya zama ruwan hoda, ja ko fari.

Dankina

The mai tushe ne lebur, Drooping tare da serrated tafiyar matakai a gindi. Furanni masu haske masu launin ja mai launi, suna zaune akan halayyar siriri na bakin ciki.

Epiphyllum lau Epiphyllum laui

Duba tare da babban mai tushe wanda aka rufe da bakin ciki sosai allurai har zuwa tsawon mm 4 mm. Furannin furanni sune kiwo ko cream, buɗe kawai da yamma. Dankin yana kimanin kwanaki 2.