A kusan kowace gonar za ka iya samun kyakkyawan makirci tare da yada bushes na ja currant, da aka yi wa ado tare da shuɗe-haɗe mai launi. Tarancin saurin yanayi, yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma kayan da ake amfani da shi na ban sha'awa na 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke - wadannan dalilai ne da ya sa wannan amfanin gona yake da kyau ga masu yawa. A cikin wannan labarin, muna so mu gabatar maka da "Natalie" - wani nau'i mai ban sha'awa da yawa wanda ke iya rinjayar zuciyarka.
Kiwo
Mahaliccin nau'ikan Natali sune V. M. Litvinov da N. K. Smolyaninova, masu horar da Rasha daga Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Goma ta Moscow, GNU VTISP.
A shekara ta 1991, ta hanyar tsallaka iri daban-daban na jan currant, sabon nau'i ne aka bred, tare da kula da kulawa marasa kyau da kuma kyakkyawar tsayayya da sanyi da cututtuka da suka shafi amfanin gona.
Karanta bayanin da kuma peculiarities na girma irin redcurrant "Vixne", "Sugar".
Bayani da halaye
Ka yi la'akari da bayanin da halaye na bushes da berries na jan currant iri "Natalie".
Shrub
Bushes na ja currant a tsawo isa mita daya da rabi. A kan tsofaffi mai kyau daji ke tsiro akalla 15 harbe. A haushi a kan rassan ne mai launin launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, da kuma matasa harbe suna da m tips a saman. Ganye suna maras ban sha'awa, matsakaici-girma, mai launi mai launi, wanda ya samo inuwa mai duhu a rana. Daji yana da tsayi da kuma karamin - rassan currant sun girma sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun farko, yayin da yake girma, ya zama ƙara yadawa.
Shin kuna sani? Daga dried ganye na ja da baki currants za ka samu mai dadi da lafiya bitamin abin sha. Zuwa ganyayyaki suna dauke da yawan adadin bitamin C, suna buƙatar a tattara su kafin a cika cikakkun berries. An tabbatar da cewa bayan sunadaran adadin bitamin C an rage sau da yawa.
Berries
A goga tare da berries girma a kan na bakin ciki rassan kai 10 cm a tsawon. A kan kowane goga yayi girma da kayan lambu mai launi mai launin fata, dan kadan elongated a tushe. Matsakaicin nauyin berries shine 0.7-1.0 g Naman yana da m tare da karamin tsaba a ciki. Ku ɗanɗani ne mai dadi da haske mai haske. 
Wasu fasali na iri-iri
Wannan iri-iri yana da wasu halayen da mutane da yawa suka ƙaunace su, kuma suna nuna bambancin "Natalie" daga wasu nau'in jan currant. Za mu gaya game da su a cikin karin bayani.
Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
Daya daga "Abubuwan da Natalie ta" ke da shi shi ne zaman lafiya mai kyau zuwa ga cututtuka da dama na lambu, da kuma abubuwan kwari. Duk da haka, zabin zabin wurin dasawa da kuma cin zarafin agrotechnology na girma red currant zai iya rage rigakafi na shuka kuma ya sa ya zama mai saukin kamuwa ga ma'aikata masu tsirrai na irin waɗannan tsire-tsire. cututtuka na fungal:
- Mealy dew shine cuta wanda zai iya kamuwa da kwayar ba kawai ba, har ma kasar gona da ke kewaye da shi, da kuma hanzari da yaduwa zuwa wasu gonaki. Don maganin fatywwar foda, ana amfani da furotin na tsarin jiki wadanda ke shawo kan tsire-tsire da kuma ƙasa a ƙarƙashin su. Don yin rigakafi ta yin amfani da wani bayani na ash, wanda ya fesa bushes sau da dama a lokacin rani.
- Anthracnose - da pathogens fara ninka rayayye a kan ruwan sama da kuma a high zafi. Don halakar da spores wannan naman gwari yi amfani da spraying Bordeaux ruwa ko jan karfe sulphate. Cutar rigakafin hada da kawar da wuce kima watering na currant bushes, dace pruning na harbe, kazalika da na yau da kullum kau da fadi ganye da weeds girma a karkashin shuka.
- Septoria ne cuta mai hatsari wanda zai iya halakar da girbinku gaba daya. Don maganin wannan cuta, toshe da ƙananan bishiyoyi tare da masu fashewa. Prophylactic ayyuka sun hada da dace pruning na harbe, kau da weeds karkashin wani daji, da kuma mulching.
Don sarrafa kwari na red currant (leaf aphid, guzberi sawfly, gilashin gilashin currant) amfani da wasu kwari da aka yi amfani da su bi da lalacewar ɓangaren na shuka - "Fitoverm", "Agravertin", "Iskra DE".
Koyi yadda za a kiyaye currants daga cututtuka da kwari.
Tsarin hanyoyi sun hada da:
- kau da shafukan da aka shafa da harbe;
- kaka digging ƙasa a kusa da shrubs;
- na tsawon lokaci na itace ash zuwa ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Zai yiwu a kare kwari daga ja currant ta hanyar dasa shuki gadaje na furanni mai ban sha'awa kusa da bushes. Alal misali, marigolds - ƙanshi mai ƙanshi na iya tsorata yawan kwari daga gadajen gonarku.
Furewa juriya da sanyi juriya
"Natalie" - danshi-auna iri-iriamma jurewa kwanakin rani. Yana da muhimmanci a san cewa rashin ruwan dadi a lokacin flowering da kuma samuwar berries zai iya rinjayar adadin amfanin gona na jan currants. Don kauce wa wannan, kula da hankali ga watering a wannan lokacin.
Wannan nau'in ba ya ji tsoron sanyi kuma yana iya tsira da sanyi -30 ° C. Idan ana sa ran zafin jiki mai zurfi, to, ƙananan suna bukatar ƙarin ɓoye don lokacin hunturu. 
Lokacin bazara da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Wannan saiti matsakaici matasan, na farko berries za ku iya ji dadin a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a tattara har zuwa 4 kilogiram na kayan dadi mai dadi sosai daga ɗayan daji na jan currant. Matsayi mai girma "Natalie" yana nuna bambancin wannan iri-iri a tsakanin sauran nau'in lambun lambun.
Transportability
Iri-iri "Natalie" kyakkyawan sufuri na nesaba tare da rasa gabatarwa da dandano ba. Don adana yawan adadin amfanin gonar da ake girbe a lokacin sufuri, masu aikin lambu sun ba da shawara kan hawa "Natalie" a cikin kananan kwantena, don haka za ku tabbatar da lafiyar ƙananan bishiyoyi.
Shin kuna sani? Ana iya samun nau'o'in jinsin daji a Siberia. Amma a Ostiraliya da Antarctica, wannan nau'in berries ba ya girma ba.
Hanyar
Wannan shine manufa ta duniya. A gaskiya ma, wannan yana nufin cewa waɗannan berries suna da dadi kuma suna da kyau a cikin nau'i mai sanyi da kuma daskararre. Har ila yau, za ka iya amincewa da kwakwalwa, ƙaddara kuma ƙara shi zuwa pastries - dandano mai ƙanshi da ƙanshi ba zai ɓace ba ko da bayan magani mai zafi. 
Familiarize kanka tare da girke-girke don shirya ja currants: jam, jam, compote.
Yadda zaka zaba seedlings lokacin sayen
Zabin zaɓi na jan currant seedlings yana da matukar muhimmanci, saboda inganci da yawa na amfanin gona na gaba ya dogara da ingancin dasa kayan. Mun shirya maka bayani masu amfani game da yadda lafiya da shirye don dasa shuki na waje ya kamata kama. ja currant sapling:
- Kowane seedling dole ne da biyu na karfi da harbe tare da tsawon na akalla 30 cm.
- A kowace harbe ya kamata ya zama akalla biyu kwari masu kyau.
- Tushen tushen ya kamata kunshi 3-4 coarsen rawaya Tushen.
- Tushen layi na ci gaba da girma kuma yana girma a cikin manyan lambobi.
An shawarci ma'aikata masu kwarewa su sayi seedlings na kowane gonar gona a cikin ƙwayoyi na musamman ko masu aikin noma. Saboda haka za ku sami tabbacin cewa samfurori da aka samo shi ne wanda kuke so, kuma yiwuwar cewa zuriyar zai zama marasa kyau kuma cutar da cututtuka ko kwari zai zama kadan.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ba ku shirya shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa ba, tabbatar da cewa tsarin jan tsarin currant ja baya bushe. Gyaɗa asalinsu tare da raguwa ko kuma sanya seedlings a cikin guga na earthen talker (wani cakuda ƙasa da ruwa, ya kawo daidaito na ruwan kirim mai tsami).
Yanayin girma
Duk da sauki a cikin kula, iri-iri "Natalie" yana da na musamman bukatun muhalli. Bari mu fada game da su dalla-dalla:
- Ƙasa. Don girbi mai kyau da kuma harbe mai karfi, jan currants yana buƙatar chernozem, ƙasa mai laushi da yashi mai laushi wanda ke iya riƙe dumi a kansu (amma kada ya damu). Bugu da ƙari, a cikin waɗannan nau'ukan ƙasa suna rayuwa mai yawa yawan microorganisms masu amfani da suke taimakawa tushen tushen currant don samo abubuwa masu muhimmanci. Da'awar shawarar acidity shine kadan acidic ko tsaka tsaki.
- Gidan shimfidawa mai kyau. Zabi wuri mai kyau a kan shafin, yana da kyawawa cewa shi ne mai sauƙi a cikin arewa maso yammacin shugabanci, daga bayanan da iska ke gudana.
- Ruwa da ruwa. Rashin ruwa kada ta kasance kusa da 1 m zuwa surface. Zuwa kusa da tsarin tushen tsarin red currants zai iya haifar da tafiyar matakai, har ma ya haifar da cututtukan fungal.
Lokaci da saukowa
Dasa ja currant seedlings zai yiwu sau biyu a shekara: a cikin marigayi Afrilu - farkon May da marigayi Satumba - farkon Oktoba. Abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne cewa kasar gona ta zama dumi sosai (yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa bai kamata ya kasance ƙasa da +15 ° C) ba, wanda aka shafe shi da abubuwan da aka samo kwanan nan, kuma har ila yau yana da tsari mara kyau.
Ƙara koyo game da ƙwayoyi na dasa shuki currants a cikin fall da spring.
Bayan zabar wuri mai kyau don dasa shuki seedlings, shirya wannan yanki kafin fara aiki - tsaftace ƙasa daga weeds da tushen sauran tsire-tsire, a hankali kawo yankin da kuma kara taki. Zai fi dacewa don amfani da cakuda humus, ash ash da superphosphate - haɗa tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da ƙasa sannan a rarraba shi a cikin radius na mita daya a wurin da aka dasa ta kowane daji. Ka tuna cewa talauci mai yalwaci zai iya sa tushen ƙone kuma ya lalata shuka.
Bayan ka saya Natalie seedlings kuma kammala aikin shirya a kan shafin, lokaci ne da za a shuka da matasa ja currant bushes a cikin ƙasa bude. Ƙwararren shawarar da aka dasa na dasa shi ne 60 * 60 cm An zuba kananan karamin kasara na ƙasa da taki a kasa kuma ya zuba akalla rabin guga na ruwa. Ana shirya seedlings ana sanya a tsakiyar rami, a hankali ta daidaita tsarin tushen kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa. 
Shuka currants: a - wurare na ƙaddara girma, b - tushen abin wuya. Dole a dusa da ruwa kadan kuma a shayar da ita. Yi hankali ga wuyan wuyansa - ya kamata a sama a kasa. Don kwashe bushes ya isa sararin samaniya don cikakken ci gaba da harbe, bar nisa tsakanin bushes 1-1.5 m.
Shin kuna sani? Bayan ci kawai 30-45 dadi mai dadi-m currant berries, za ka gamsar da kullum bukatan jikinka don bitamin C.
Tushen kulawa na yanayi
Domin red currant yayi girma da kyau kuma ya sa ka farin cikin girbi mai kyau, yana da muhimmanci a san ainihin kayan kula da kayan lambu na wannan gonar.
Watering
A lokacin rani, ana shayar da currants jan sau ɗaya a mako, kuma a kan lokutan zafi musamman, an ƙara yawan ruwa zuwa sau 2 a mako. Shawarar shawarar watering - 1.5-2 buckets na ruwa mai tsanani zuwa iska zazzabi. Tsarin ruwa yana da mahimmanci a lokacin girbi na berries - a wannan lokaci yana da kyau a shayar da shuka a kowace rana. 
Kula kula
A cikin kulawa da ƙasa shi ne ya dace mulching. Ga iri iri iri na "Natalie", gurasar da ta fi dacewa ita ce ruɗaɗɗa ko tudu. Wannan hanya ba wai kawai don riƙe da danshi a cikin ƙasa ba, har ma yana taimaka wa saturation tare da abubuwa masu amfani waɗanda ke da tasiri mai tasiri akan ci gaban harbe da ingancin amfanin gona. Ya kamata kuma a tuna da buƙatar yin gyare-gyare na sararin samaniya a karkashin daji da kuma kawar da weeds, amma ta yin amfani da ƙwayar ƙasa za ka iya yin ba tare da waɗannan hanyoyi ba.
Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da kulawar currants a cikin bazara da kaka.
Top dressing
Red currant bushes fara buƙatar takin gargajiya a shekara ta uku na rayuwa. A cikin bazara, yawancin takin gargajiya ana amfani da shi - humus ko takin, wanda dole ne a shafe shi da ruwa kafin amfani. A cikin fall, yi amfani da karin kayan ma'adinai masu mahimmanci dangane da potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen. Irin wannan taki yana gauraye da ƙasa a cikin yanki na digiri. 
Pruning
A lokacin rani na rani da katako sukan buƙatar pruning. An fara yin pruning na farko a farkon lokacin bazara - yana da muhimmanci a sami lokaci kafin shuka "ta farka" kuma yana fara gudana a cikin rassan. Wannan pruning ya shafi kawar da busassun, tsofaffi da lalacewa harbe. Bayan aikin, dukkanin yanka ana sarrafa su tare da carbon da aka kunna. Bayan wani lokaci, rassan da suka yi zurfi a cikin daji, da kuma yankuna masu tsabta, an hura su don sake su. Idan ba a rage su ba, iska da hasken rana ba zasu kai ga rassan rassan ba, kuma za a kafa berries kawai tare da gefen ƙananan bishiyoyi.
Lokaci sanitary scraps za a iya maimaita, wanda ya hada da:
- cire na fashe da dried rassan;
- yankan ganye da harbe tare da alamun cutar ko lalace kwari;
- kawar da rassan bishiyoyi da ƙananan bishiyoyi.
Har ila yau, kamar yadda girma daji ciyar shirya ƙaddara daji:
- a shekara ta uku, an yanke bisan bishiya ta hanyar 10-15 cm, daga dukan rassan, 5-7 na karfi kuma tare da yawancin buds an bar, wanda hakan ya zama tushen daji;
- a cikin shekara ta biyar, an sake yin gyaran furen harbe, kuma idan ya cancanta, ya fitar da bishiyoyi na jan currant;
- a cikin shekara ta bakwai, suna yin gyaran wajibi da ake wajabta na harbe;
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da girbi ja currant, ya kamata ka farko dauke da sprig, kuma kawai sa'an nan kuma dauke da berries. Wannan hanya tana taimaka wajen kare mutuncin 'ya'yan itace, wanda yana da mahimmanci ga samuwar sabon berries a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
Ajiyar sanyi mai sanyi
Duk da cewa "Natalie" ba ya jin tsoron sanyi na hunturu, kada ka manta da yin ɓoyewar hunturu don hunturu. Zai fi kyau a rufe daji da kuma sarari a kusa da bishiyoyi tare da kwanciyar hankali na humus ko sludge na kogin, irin wannan cikewar hunturu ba wai kawai yana adana jan currants daga sanyi ba, amma har ma ya zama mai kariya mai kyau daga rodents da wasu kananan kwari wanda ba su daina cin 'ya'yan itace. 
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma rashin amfani da iri-iri
Zaɓi babban dacewa irin ja currant "Natalie":
- babban yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma tsawon lokaci fruiting;
- da ikon ɗaukar berries a tsawon nisa ba tare da rasa siffar da dandano ba;
- kulawa mara kyau;
- kyau jure hunturu frosts;
- Kyakkyawan tsayayya ga cututtuka da yawa.
A cewar yawancin lambu, kadai rashin hasara "Natalie" za a iya kira ragu da ƙwayarta a ƙarƙashin nauyin berries a wurare daban-daban. A lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings a kan shafin ya kamata la'akari da wannan alama na iri-iri da kuma barin ƙarin sarari tsakanin bushes.
Reviews a kan sa na ja currant "Natalie"
Amfani da shawarwarin kan bunkasa nau'in Natali a kan shirin ku, ta tsakiyar tsakiyar rani za ku iya tattara yawan adadin daji masu kyau, yayin da girbi zai kasance ya isa ya kiyaye shi don hunturu.
