Akwai tsire-tsire, kulawa wanda yake da sauƙi, kuma fure mai ban mamaki kyakkyawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da itacen spirea, wanda aka fi sani da suna meadowsweet. Duk da yake lambu suna sha'awar shuka ornamental, masu shayarwa suna kiwon waddanan andan itace da yawa masu ban sha'awa.
Asali
Spirea (Spiraea), aka meadowsweet, na gidan Rosaceae ne (rosaceae) kuma ɗan itace ne na ornamental. An bambanta shuka ta hanyar sassauci na mai tushe, wanda ya karɓi sunan ta - "speira" a cikin fassara daga tsohuwar Hellenanci ma'anar "tanƙwara". Halin halittar ya hada da kusan nau'in nau'in spirea, suna girma a cikin gandun daji, da yankuna daya da daya a cikin jeji. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa meadowsweet an dauki tsire-tsire marar mishan.
Spiraea a cikin fure
Sunan "meadowsweet" a cikin tsufa ya fi yaduwa fiye da spirea. A karkashin wannan sunan, an ambaci daji a cikin almara "Sadko" da kuma cikin ayyukan V.I. Dahl, wanda ya ba da rahoton cewa mai tushe na shuka, saboda ƙarfin su, ana amfani da su don yin ramuka da bulala.
Itace spirea tana da wani suna - amarya. Ta hanyar ana nufin iri tare da fararen furanni. Guda ɗaya iri ɗaya yana da bambance bambancen sunaye "fesa daji" da "spray spray".
Bayyanar tsiron
Abubuwan waje na daji na spirea sun dogara da takamaiman jinsunan. Misali, tsayin danshi mai tushe ya sha bamban daga 15 cm zuwa 2.5 m. Gangaren itacen meadowsweet na iya zama ya zama daidai ko hawa-hawa, daga haske zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Haushi na iya ba da dadewa a kashe.
Tushen tsarin yana da fibiran, yawanci akwai ƙasa-ƙasa.
Ganyen suna petiolate spirea, a kai a kai suna, uku, - ko biyar-lobed. Siffar faranti shine lanceolate ko zagaye.
Inflorescences suna-kamar, corymbose, pyramidal ko paniculate, sun ƙunshi yawancin ƙananan furanni. An samo su, dangane da nau'in, tare da gefuna, a tsakiya ko duk tare da rassan. Launin furanni yana daga mai burgundy mai tsabta zuwa fararen fata.
Kula! A matsayin fure na ornamental, spirea yana gama gari ne - yana da kyau babba duka shi kaɗai kuma a matsayin wani abu mai shinge, gadajen fure.
Spring fure spirea
Naman tsirrai wadanda ke bayyana furanni a bazara sosai. Inflorescences yana bayyana ne kawai a kan rassan shekaru na biyu. An bambanta dabbobi na fure mai daskarewa ta launuka masu kyau. Lambu suna son irin wannan nau'in meadowsweet na farkon fure.
Spirea Wangutta
A matasan da aka samu ta hanyar tsallaka spirea na Cantonese da lobed uku. Yana fure a farkon lokacin bazara. Hemispherical inflorescences suna ko'ina cikin reshe, sun ƙunshi ƙananan (kimanin 6 mm) fararen furanni.
Itace kanta tayi tsayi sosai - har zuwa 2. M rassan suna drooping, cike da faffadan falo-uku, ciyayi mai kauri. Takardun suna da duhu kore sama, kuma mai haske a ƙasa. A cikin fall sun sami launi mai launi mai ban mamaki.
Spirea Wangutta
Don kyawawan launinta masu kyau da kuma launuka masu kyau, ana kiran wannan tsire-tsire "daji na amarya." Koyaya, wannan sunan kuma ya haɗu da sauran nau'ikan da nau'ikan spirea waɗanda suke da furanni masu launi shuɗi ko haske.
Oak-leaved spirea
A high (har zuwa 2 m) iri-iri na spirea, tare da m curving rassan, a lokacin fure gudana tare da farin inflorescences.
Wannan itaciyar ana kuma kiranta amarya, itaciyar tana bada cikakkiyar ma'anar sunan ƙasa, kuma ba wai kawai tare da kyakkyawa ba, harma da kyakkyawa. Sakamakon rassan yawo, yana buƙatar sarari mai yawa.
Oak ganye meadowsweet
Nippon Spiraea
Nippon, wato, Jafananci, ana kiran wannan spirea saboda wurin da ya samo asali - tsibirin Honshu. Itace tayi kyau sosai, har zuwa 180 cm, rassan mai yawa ana samunta a sararin sama. Ganyayyaki kore, har zuwa tsawon cm 4,5, ba su canza launi har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Inflorescences sune corymbose, mai yawa, sun kunshi furanni masu launin shuɗi, yayin furannin da ba'a buɗe ba suna launin ruwan hoda. Nippon spirea blooms daga farkon kwanakin Yuni zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani.
Nippon Spirea
Spirea Thunberg
Wannan itace kyakkyawa ce mai tsayi har zuwa 1.8 m tsayi, tare da kananan duhu kore ganye, samo wani orange-ja launi a cikin fall. Inflorescences suna umbellate, located tare da dukan tsawon daga cikin rassan. Furannin furanni ƙananan ne, dusar ƙanƙara-fari, siffar su tayi kama da tartsatsi.
Meadow Thunberg
Spiraea angocarpus
Shrubaramin shigan (kimanin 1 m) tare da fararen furanni waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences corymbose. Ganyen suna launin kore mai duhu, yana da manyan jijiyoyi guda uku. Lokacin yin ruwa kusan kwanaki 20 ne. Yana da sanyi-mai jure sanyi, yana jurewa da shading sosai, amma a wuraren rana yana bada ƙarin inflorescences.
Gorodskaya iri-iri na amarya
Spreya mai launin toka
Haɗin kai mai ban sha'awa, sakamakon tsallake St John's wort da whitish-gray spirea. Tsawon daji yakai kusan cm 180. Rassan suna drooping, tare da launin shuɗi-mai launin toka (da ke ƙasa) ganye na lanceolate. Don launi, launin shuki spirea shrub ya sami suna. Yana daga cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Spreya mai launin toka
Furanni masu farin haske ne, an tattara su cikin colombose inflorescences, wanda yake tare da tsawon tsawon rassan.
Spirea-bazara-fure
Spirea, wanda ya tashi a lokacin bazara, yana da fasali guda: furanni suna bayyana akan harbe matasa, tsoffin suna bushewa akan lokaci. Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan, Japan ta sami karin magana, nau'in nau'ikan da suka sami karbuwa sosai a tsakanin lambu.
Spirea loosestrife
Tall (har zuwa 2 m) shrub tare da madaidaiciya launin ruwan kasa harbe. Ganyen suna da fa'ida, tsawon santimita 10 10. Siffar pyramidal ƙirar inflorescences, har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, ya ƙunshi furucin furanni ko shuɗi.
Meadowsweet
Spirea mai farar fata
Kyakkyawan tsattsauran tsintsiya (har zuwa 1.5 m) tare da fararen furanni masu kamshi. Farantawa da fure daga tsakiyar bazara. Ofaya daga cikin speciesan nau'ikan fure-fure spirea tare da fararen fure.
Amarya mai farin jini
Spirea Jafananci
Itacen Japan na spirea yana da tsayi daga 100 zuwa 150 cm. Harbe yana fitowa a cikin pubescent, amma, yana girma, ya zama bare. Ganyen yana daga ciki, kwaɗayi, kore a saman kuma mai haske daga ciki. Scutellaria paniculata inflorescences an kafa su tare da gefuna rassan kuma sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Jafananan spirea na fure, yawanci a watan Yuli.
Jafananci meadowsweet
Da yawa suna rikitar da sunan spirea, suna kuskuren kiran shi da Sinanci. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa wurin haifuwar wannan shidan shine Japan.
Spirea Douglas
Tsutsa, har zuwa mita daya da rabi, tare da ja-brown harbe pubescent a saman. Bar oflong-lanceolate, daga 3 zuwa 10 cm tsayi. Douglas spirea inflorescences sune paniculate-pyramidal, an tattara su daga furanni ruwan hoda mai duhu.
Spirea Douglas
Za'a iya jin daɗin ƙimar inflorescences daga Yuni zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa farkon watan Agusta.
Spirea Bumalda
Wannan karamin abu ne (kimanin 50 cm) na meadowsweet na Jafananci da farar fata. The mai tushe suna madaidaici, dotted tare da kore ganye, a cikin kaka samo mai haske launi. Yana tono daga Yuli zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta.
Meadowsweet Bumalda
Za'a iya canza launin fentin daga launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda zuwa ja, dangane da iri-iri.
Spirea Billard
Hybrid daga tsallaka Douglas spirea da loosestrife. A tsayi, zai iya kai mita 2. afawon buɗe ido na shapeaƙƙarfan sifa, na kusan 10 cm tsayi. Rowuntataccen abubuwan ƙirar panramidal panicle inflorescences da aka tattara daga furanni ruwan hoda mai haske zasu iya kaiwa tsawon 20 cm.
Spirea Billard
Goge blooms daga na biyu rabin Yuli.
Dasawa cikin ƙasa bayan sayan
Spirea za a iya dasa duka biyu a cikin bazara da kuma kaka, kuma a cikin lokacin bazara ne kawai ake dasa shuki-iri-iri na ciyawar da ake dasa shuki. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a sami lokaci kafin a sa amarya kafin azo a fara fure.
Lokacin da sayen seedlings a cikin shago, kuna buƙatar bincika tushen da harbe. Idan sunada karfi kuma basu da lalacewa, zaka iya dasa daji a dandalin.
A cikin kaka, ana shuka spirea har zuwa ƙarshen ganye. Don dasawa, yawanci suna ɗaukar bushes, waɗanda shekaru 3-4 ne. Sun fi dacewa da rabo.
Abin da ake buƙata
Don dasa shuki spirea zaka buƙaci:
- Almakashi don yankan wuce haddi;
- Shebur;
- Lambatu (misali eg tubalin da ya karye);
- Mixtureasa mai cakuda;
- Ruwa don ban ruwa;
- Peat;
- Bayanan sirri.
Mahimmanci! A cikin kaka, zaku iya dasa furannin fure-fure da damuna-fure-fure.
Mafi kyawun wuri
Duk da janar unpretentiousness na daji, yana da kyau a zabi wurin da ake da lit, mai fili don shi tare da wadataccen ƙasa a cikin abubuwan gina jiki.
Idan zaɓin ƙarami ne, za a iya dasa meadowsweet a kan dutse mai tsayi, a cikin inuwa m a shinge, ƙofar ko kusa da wasu tsirrai.
Matukar ambaton! Da yake mafi sararin samaniya da hasken shuka, da yawan martabarsa kuma ya fi tsayi zai yi fure.
Tsarin ƙasa
Matakin dasa shuki na amaryar daji mataki-mataki:
- An shirya rami a wurin, wanda girmansa ya kusan kusan kashi uku bisa uku na girman tushen tsarin seedling. A bu mai kyau ka yi haka 'yan kwanaki kafin a sauka.
- Kafin dasa, ana sanya seedling a cikin guga tare da karamin ruwa.
- An jefa magudana a kasan ramin, tare da wani yanki mai kusan 20 cm.
- Hada 2 sassan yanki na yanki tare da 1 ɓangaren yashi da 1 yanki na peat. Zuba sakamakon ruwan magani a kasan ramin.
- Saita sapling a cikin rami, a hankali baza tushen. Rufe su da ƙasa, a hankali da hannuwanku. Dole ne tushen wuyansa ya zama zamewa tare da saman ƙasa.
- Zuba seedling da ruwa (zai ɗauki lita 18-20) kuma a yanke ciyawar da'irar tare da peat.
Saukowa a bazara
Autumn dasa spirea a matakai:
- Uku - ko daji shekaru hudu don tono daga ƙasa.
- Wanke tsarin tushen a cikin ruwa mai gudu.
- Ta amfani da hanyar sirri, raba daji zuwa sassa 3.
- Shirya rami rami.
- Sanya malalewa a kasa, zuba cakuda ƙasa.
- Shuka tsire-tsire, a hankali yayyafa tushen da ƙasa da tamp.
- Ruwa plantings da yawa.
Mahimmanci! Don dasawa, ya fi kyau zaɓi ranar girgije.
Farfadowar Spirea
Spirea zai fi kyau yaduwa ta hanyar yan itace, tunda nau'ikan matasan basa riƙe halayen su yayin yaduwar iri.
Yankan
An yanke tsire-tsire na lokacin bazara-farkon farkon Yuni, kuma lokacin rani-fure a watan Yuli. Rooting cuttings ya fi kyau a watan Satumba da Oktoba.
Cutsi na spirea:
- Yanke kara mai kai tsaye na shekara kuma a yanka a gunduwa-gunduwa, domin an bar ganye 5-6 a kowane.
- Cire ƙananan ganye tare da yankan, babba a sama - a yanka a rabi.
- Sanya sandunan na awanni 12 a cikin maganin Epin.
- Nitsar da ɗan kulli a cikin maganin Kornevin kuma sanya matakala a cikin akwati tare da yashi mai yashi don ya zama karkatacce a kusurwar 30-45 °.
- Rufe akwati tare da fim ko gilashi, cire zuwa wuri mai duhu.
- Kowace rana sau 2 don fesa daga bindiga da aka fesa, a tabbata cewa yashi ya kasance rigar.
Bayan farkon sanyi, an dasa ganyen a cikin yankin, an rufe shi da ganye kuma an sanya akwatin da yake rufe a saman. A wannan matsayin, an barsu har sai lokacin bazara.
Tsaba daga dajin amarya
Lokacin da sababbin harbe suka bayyana akan tsire-tsire, zaku iya dasa su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Tsaba
A lokacin rani spirai, ba a buɗe ba, amma an riga an bushe akwatunan zuriya daga ƙwayoyin tsira. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari biyu suna aika' ya'yan itace don su yi 'yan makonni a wuri mai bushe (misali, a cikin akwati buɗe).
Bayan lokacin da aka ƙayyade, ana tattara tsaba da aka zubar kuma a adana su cikin jakar nama har sai lokacin bazara.
A watan Afrilu, ana shuka iri a cikin akwati tare da ƙasa, aka fesa daga kwalban fesa da, an rufe shi da gilashin, aika tanki zuwa titi. Wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta bushewa ba, amma kuma babu wani ɓarnar danshi. Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, ana iya cire gilashin.
Lokacin da ya kai girman 2 cm, thean itacen ya nutse, zaɓi mafi ƙarfi, kuma aka dasa shi a cikin akwati a nesa na 5-6 cm daga juna. A cikin kaka suna iya zama a wurare na dindindin.
Mahimmanci! Spirea, wanda aka samo daga tsaba a gida, ya fara farawa tun farkon shekaru 3 na girma.
Kula da tsiro
Photophilous spirea na son sako-sako da sinadaran ƙasa. Koyaya, shuka ba shi da ma'ana a cikin kulawa kuma baya nuna wani “vagan farji” na musamman.
Watse
Rage shuki a cikin lokaci mai tsayi sau ɗaya a mako don kwanaki 14, bulaye 1.5 na ruwa a ƙarƙashin daji. A cikin ruwa sama sosai, an rage yawan ruwa.
Manyan miya
Spirea yana ciyar da takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun a cikin bazara. A lokacin rani, an hado daji tare da maganin mullein tare da Bugu da kari na 10 na g superphosphate da guga na ruwa.
Lokacin hutawa
Lokacin da ciyawar ta bushe da damina, lokaci ya yi da za a fara girki. An yanke ciyayi na fure, yana barin hemp tare da buds 2-3. A kan kananan tsirrai na matasa, an cire kambi ko kuma harbe na cutar.
Shuka tsarin kwalliya
A ƙasa a Tushen ne a hankali kwance, kuma idan ya cancanta, hadu. Duk wani abun da ke ciki ban da nitrogen da mullein ya dace. Underasan da ke ƙarƙashin daji tana shayar da ruwa sosai.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Tushen Spiraea na iya jure sanyi sosai, saboda haka yana iya hunturu ba tare da tsari. Koyaya, idan ana tsammanin tsananin tsananin sanyi, ana yayyafa shuka tare da bushewar ganye don hunturu, tare da furen da ya kai 15 cm.
Spirea babban zaɓi ne ga masu farawa, saboda wannan ciyawar bata buƙatar kulawa mai rikitarwa. Amma zaku iya sha'awar furannin wannan tsararren shuka na dogon lokaci. Tare da haifuwa da tushen tushe, Hakanan kuma ba za a sami matsaloli ba, saboda haka ana iya raba spirea da karimci ga maƙwabta.
