Medinilla shine tsire-tsire masu zafi na perennial, mallakar dangin Melastomaceae. Homeasar Tsibirin Philippine, an rarraba ta a cikin gandunan daji na Afirka, Asiya, a gefen Tekun Pacific.
Bayanin Botanical na Medinilla
Plantsarancin tsire-tsire masu ƙwaƙwalwa, da wuya creepers. Suna girma akan ƙasa ko akan bishiyoyi (epiphytes). Suna da tsarin tushen na sama. A cikin tsawo kai daga 30 cm zuwa 3 m.
Gangar jikin duhu, launin ruwan kasa, an rufe shi da bristles, farfajiyar ta ke da wuya. Ganyen suna da girma, kore mai duhu, an rufe shi da magungunan ban mamaki. A kan takardar daga 3 zuwa 9 guda. A gefuna ko da, wani lokacin wavy, an nuna iyakar ko zagaye. Tsarin yana da m. Sedentary, petiolate.
Fure cikin kananan furanni, ruwan hoda, lilac, Scarlet. Yawancin launuka Jador Trezor. An tattara su a goge; bracts ba ya nan a wasu nau'in.
A lokacin pollination, berries na ruwan hoda, shuɗi mai launi shuɗi, wanda ya ƙunshi tsaba don kiwo.
Tsire-tsire suna ɗaukar hankali kuma suna buƙatar ƙoƙari da yawa don kulawa ta dace a gida. Medinilla magnifica ya dace kuma an ƙara samun Javanese.
Shahararrun nau'ikan da nau'ikan medinilla
A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan sama da 400. Guda daya ne kawai ya saba da girma a gidan - mai girma Medinilla (magnifica).
| Dubawa | Bar | Furanni |
| Veiny. Rabin ƙwayar cuta rabi, mahaifar Malesiya. | Duhu, ci gaba da ɗan gajeren petiole, yayi kama da ruɓaɓɓe, nisa zuwa 9 cm, tsayi har zuwa 20 cm, ƙarshen ya yi kaifi. | Smallarami, ƙasa da 1 cm, tattara a cikin inflorescence inflorescence, launi jiki. |
| Damuwa. Shuka na daji, mahaifarta ta Philippines. | A siffar zuciya. Masana kimiyya suna kira hanyar obovate. Nisa har zuwa 20 cm, tsayinsa ya kai cm 30 7. 7-8 walƙiya mai haske ana nuna alama a allon. Petioles ba ya nan. | Babban madaidaicin ruwan hoda. |
| Javanese. Babban firgalin daji daga tsibirin Philippine. Yana dacewa da kyau a cikin yanayin ɗakin. | Duhu a cikin kamannin yayi kama da kwai, an rufe shi da jijiyoyin haske, har zuwa guda 5 a kowane takardar. | Smallaramin, tattara a cikin goge fadowa. Launi mai haske, mai launuka daga ruwan hoda zuwa lilac. Babu bracts. An dasa tsire da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda-shudi na berries. |
| Theisman. Tsibirin Sulawesi na Gida, New Guinea. A waje kama da magnifica. | Tsarin-ƙirar kwai, concave, babba, tsawonsa har zuwa 30 cm, har zuwa 20 cm faɗin, tare da jijiyoyin 5 daban-daban. Petioles ba ya nan. | Manyan, kafa. Gobarar budewa. Launi fari ne, mai ruwan hoda. Bracts ba ya nan. |
| Kyau (magnifica). 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Philippinesan itacen rake masu ƙarfi Da kyau a ɗauki tushen cikin yanayin ɗakin. | M, fata, duhu. Nisa 15 cm, tsayin 35 cm. An kunna faranti ta bayyanannu, sabanin dabbobin. | Bracts suna haske, ruwan hoda, mulufi. Girman kasa da cm 1 1. An tattara su cikin gudanawar goge-goge masu yawa da yawa 30-30 cm tsawo.Ya gabatar da ɗakuna da yawa a lokaci guda. |
Masana kimiyya sun haɓaka hybrids waɗanda ke da nutsuwa a cikin ɗakunan daki, suna ɗauka azaman tushen su kyakkyawan medinilla:
- Dolce Vita - ciyawa da ba a cika gani ba tare da daskararren tabarau mai haske tare da kunkuntar tabarau, a ko'ina a saman inflorescence.
- Farin - ƙananan ƙananan tsire-tsire, mai yawa goge na furanni, kifin kifi.
- Zhador Tresor wani karamin nau'i ne, lemuran fadowa na kwance, bracts ba ya nan, wata sifa ce mai launi fari, lilac, shudi.
Kulawar Cikin gida Medinilla
Lokacin kulawa da medinilla, ɗakin dumi tare da zafi mai mahimmanci shine fifiko. Yana girma da kyau a cikin florarium. Furen fure mai zafi ne. Tare da kulawa mara kyau, yana rasa kyakkyawa.
| Gaskiya | Lokacin bazara / bazara | Lokacin sanyi / Hunturu |
| Wuri / Haske | Kar a ba da shawarar:
Ya zama dole:
| |
| Zazzabi | + 20 ... +25 ºC | + 15 ... +17 ºC; guji zayyanawa. |
| Haushi | Ba kasa da 70-75%. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin zafi a cikin ƙasa. Don kula da matakin mafi kyau duka, ana bada shawara:
| |
| Watse | Sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 7. | Sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7, tare da bushe saman Layer na ƙasa 3 cm lokacin farin ciki. |
| Manyan miya | Sau 3 a wata, tare da Organic ko taki don tsire-tsire na fure mai ado. | Tsabtace don lokacin hutawa. |
Siffofin Juyawa
An dasa shuka bayan fure a cikin bazara. An zaɓi tukunya mai ƙyalli tare da babban diamita. Wannan shi ne saboda fasalin fasalin furen. M saman, mai rauni tushen tsarin.
Wani lokacin harbe-kere matasa wani lokaci ana dasawa a Bugu da kari a cikin bazara don tayar da haɓaka. Manyayen plantsan Adam ƙasa da sau ɗaya a shekara. Don manyan bushes, ya isa ya maye gurbin saman.
An sayi madadin don tsire-tsire na epiphytic ko don orchids an riga an shirya ko an shirya kansu: Turf, ƙasa mai ganye da aka haɗe da peat, yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 1: 1. Idan ana so, zaku iya ƙara 1 ɓangare na humus.
A vivo, medinilla tayi girma a cikin ƙasa mai ƙyalƙyali. A gida, ya zama dole a kula da rashin walwala, walwala, da abinci mai gina jiki. Don yin wannan, ƙara substrate kwakwa, kwakwa na kwakwa, pine haushi zuwa cakuda da aka gama.
Lokacin yin ruwa, ƙasa ya kamata ya sha danshi a cikin kwanaki 1-2, a cikin zafin jiki na + 25 ... +28 ºC. In ba haka ba, akwai haɗarin sauya tsarin tushen. Don hana wannan daga faruwa, an rarraba guntun bulo, yumɓu mai yumɓu, perlite a ƙasan tukunyar. A baya can, kasar gona da magudanar ruwa suna calcined ko steamed.
Hanyoyin haifuwa na Medinilla
Medinilla yana yaduwa a cikin hanyoyi biyu: tsaba, yan itace. 
Kyawawan kyau
Tsaba
Ana samun tsaba daga shuka na gida ko saya. Kula da marufi. Idan shekara ta wuce, to, lokacin karewar ya kare.
Isasa ta shirya a gaba, a cikin rabo na 1: 2, yashi kogin da ƙasa ke hade. Ana binne tsaba daga cm cm 0,5 An kwashe tukwane a ciki, tsayin cm 7. An zaɓi lokacin dasa daga Janairu zuwa Maris. An kirkiro yanayin gidan Green don tsiro: zazzabi + 25 ... +30 ºC, zafi mai zafi. A saboda wannan, akwati tare da filayen an rufe shi da kayan gilashin gilashi ko cling. Kasa zuwa shirya dumama don mafi kyawun tsiro. Ana cire murfin yau da kullun na mintina 20 don iska da shayar da ƙasa.
Bayan ganyayen farko sun bayyana, an cire ciyawar gaba daya, ana dasa shuki a cikin tukwane daban-daban.
Yankan
An zaɓi lokacin daga Janairu zuwa Maris. A furanni, an yanke saman ɗayan tare da fure 3-4. An rufe yanki da ash. Wannan yana hana karkatar da shuka.
Tsarin dasa iri yana cikin yarjejeniya tare da zuriya. Bayan makonni 5-6, lokacin da tushen farko ya bayyana, an dasa fure zuwa cikin tukunya mafi girma. Lokacin dasawa, seedlings tsunkule, ta da girma.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa tare da kulawa na medinilla, kwari da cututtuka
Landasar gida na tropics. Don adana fure a gida a cikin yanayin da ya dace, kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan zafin jiki da gumi na ɗakin. Rashin bin ka'idodin kulawa da tsirrai na iya haifar da matsaloli da dama ko kwari.
| Bayyanannun bayyanannun a cikin ganyayyaki | Dalili | Matakan magancewa |
| Suna girma karami, fure bata nan. | Rashin zafi, ƙarancin zafin jiki. | Rage iska, fesa zanen gado, cire shi daga tsarin dumama. |
| Fadowa, wither. | Rashin haske, tsararraki, sabon wuri. | Tsara ƙarin hasken wuta (phytolamps), cirewa daga zane, kada ku motsa tukunya ko fesa a cikin sabon wuri (zaku iya ƙara mai motsa Epin). |
| Abubuwan haske suna bayyana. | Bayyanar hasken rana kai tsaye yana haifar da ƙonewa. | Yi karamin inuwa don kada haskoki na rana su faɗo a kan shuka. |
| Baƙar fata ya bayyana. | Watering tare da sanyi, ruwan gishiri. Waterlogging. | Normalize da ruwa jadawalin (bayan bushewa saman Layer na kasar gona da 3 cm) tare da ruwa mai dumi, kula da ganiya zazzabi. |
| Dry a hutawa. | Stagnation of danshi, waterlogging, low iska zazzabi. | Ruwa idan ya cancanta, ɗaga sama da zafin jiki zuwa matakan da suka dace. |
| Dry a lokacin rani. | Dry, iska mai zafi. | Rage iska, saita madaidaicin zafin jiki, fesa zanen gado. |
Medinilla mai saukin kamuwa zuwa kwari:
| Kwaro | Bayyanar ganye akan ganye da tsirrai | Matakan lura |
| Spider mite | Dry, faɗuwa, rawaya na bayyana. | Ana magance ta da sabulu ko kuma maganin shaye shaye, an wanke ta da ruwan wanki mai ɗumi. Aiwatar da ƙwayoyin cuta (Actellik, Fitoverm). |
| Aphids | Bar, ganyayyaki sun lalace, sun bushe. | Wanke tare da jiko na celandine, sabulu, tafarnuwa. Aiwatar da shirye-shirye tare da sinadaran aiki mai aiki da ruwa mai aiki. |
| Mealybug | An rufe su da farin lumps wanda yayi kama da fluff. Juya launin rawaya, bushe, faɗuwa. | An tattara kwaro da hannu tare da adiko na goge baki. Shafa tare da sabulu ko tafarnuwa bayani. Aiwatar da Tanrek, Aktara, Confidor. |
| Garkuwa | Furen ya juya launin rawaya, ya zama an rufe shi da aibobi masu launin ruwan kasa. | Shafa tare da zane mai laima don tattara kwaro. Yi wanka da soapy jiko ko tafarnuwa. Itace da makwabta suna maganin ta da maganin kashe kwari (Actellik, Fitoverm, da sauransu). |
| Botritris naman gwari (m launin toka) | An rufe shi da rigar baƙar fata. | Cire wuraren da abin ya shafa. Ana kula da sassan tare da kore mai haske, aidin. Sauya gurbin tare da sabon. Yi amfani da fungicide |
