Poppy wata shuka ce da aka sani tun daga tsohuwar Roma - "povas" - ruwan 'ya'yan itace milky. A cikin duka, an san nau'ikan nau'ikan 100, amma a cikin ƙasar mu girma 75. Shuka ta zo mana daga jeji na Australia da Asiya ta Tsakiya tare da ƙasa mai dutse. Aan itace a kan kara mai santsi ko silin-in-kamar ya bayyana launin ja, shuɗi mai haske, ruwan lemo, rawaya, sautin biyu ko tabarau mai laushi na fure. Abubuwan fure a cikin poppy na fure suna da laushi, yawanci mulufi tare da babban baƙi, tare da tsaba a cikin akwati.
Yana da saboda tsaba cewa an haramta yin girma wasu nau'in poppy a Rasha. Yawancin nau'ikansa suna dauke da opium, wanda, duk da cewa ana amfani dashi a magani (wajen magance rashin bacci da rashin kwanciyar hankali), abu ne mai ƙwaya da ƙwayar cuta (an dade da sanannin opium a cikin ƙasashen larabawa da China).
Daban-daban na poppy: peony, na gabas da sauransu
An hana shi girma:
- Hypnotics, opium (P. somniferun).
- Bristle-qazanta (P. setigerum).
- Bract (P. bracteatum).
- Gabas (P. orientale).
Poppies na shekara-shekara
| Dubawa Digiri | Bayanin | Furanni |
Hypnotic, opium (P. somniferum)
| Har zuwa tsayi cm 100. Mai tushe ne kore mai duhu, mai sheki, ganye, mafi kusantar inflorescence, mafi elliptical. Fulawa tayi tsawon makonni 4. | Kimanin 10 cm, furannin suna iya zama na talakawa ko ninki, na launuka daban-daban - ja, rawaya, maroon, shuɗi mai duhu ko fari, faɗuwa faɗuwar rana. Haramun ne girma. |
| Kwayoyin peony, magungunan bacci (P. somniferum)
| Reminiscent na peony wanda ke auna cm cm 15. Tsarin launi ya kasance daga tawada har zuwa baki, sautin biyu tare da kyawawan dabaru, ruwan hoda mai laushi, mulufi mai haske da dusar ƙanƙara fari. | |
| Samoseyka, daji (P. rhoeas)
| A kara girma zuwa 60 cm, an rufe shi da hairs, kusa da tushen ganyayyaki pinnate, daban, a kan kara uku-raba. | Fari, Scarlet, murjani tare da duhu gefuna, ruwan hoda tare da duhu duhu ana samun su cikin launi. Rashin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin cm 10 cm talakawa ne ko ninki biyu |
| Caucasian ja (P. commutatum) ko Inganta (P. commutatum)
| Ya haɗu har zuwa 70 cm. | Cirrus, rabe biyu tare da babban baƙi har zuwa 20 cm. Yana tono daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. |
| Peacock (P. pavoninum) | An zagaye rassan a ƙarshen 3-5 cm, maɓallin yana da bristly, ganye suna kore kore sosai. | Zasu iya zama launuka daban daban, terry, da na talakawa. Yana fure a tsakiyar lokacin bazara. |
Renan Perenni
| Dubawa Digiri | Bayanin | Furanni |
Gabas
| Kai 1 m, da ciyaman ne madaidaiciya, lokacin farin ciki, flecy, ganye ne pinnate, dissected, sun yi guntu ƙasa. Blooms a cikin makonni biyu kacal. | Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi zuwa 20 cm a girman tare da babban baƙi. An yi launuka iri-iri na murjani tare da karamar duhu, furanni masu launin shuɗi mai haske, daga ash-fari zuwa shuɗi mai haske. Haramun ne girma. |
| Alpine (P. alpinum L.) | Plantarancin shuka har zuwa 0.5 m, tare da yalwar ganye na ganye. | Girman inflorescence bai wuce 4 cm ba, furanni na iya zama ruwan lemu, fari da ja. |
| Dutsewa (P. rupifragum) | Biennial, fure a cikin shekara ta 2 tare da farkon bazara, ya girma kimanin 45 cm, tare da adadin ganyayyaki masu yawa. | Yawancin launuka masu haske daga ruwan lemo mai duhu zuwa tubalin bulo sun bayyana akan kara. |
Ice-cream, Icelandic
| Ya girma zuwa 0,5 m, tushe ne spiny, da ganye ne kodadde kore, directed sauka. A watan Mayu, fure da fure har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba. Za a iya saka su a cikin filaye. | Girman inflorescence har zuwa 5 cm talakawa ne ko ninki biyu, furanni masu ja, launin rawaya, fari ko ruwan hoda mai ɗauke da shuɗi. |
| Saffron (P. croceum) | Hannun bakin har zuwa 30 cm, koren ganye mai duhu ko haske, mai gashi. Yana fure daga farkon bazara zuwa Oktoba, mahaifar wannan nau'in ita ce Gabashin Siberiya, Asiya ta Tsakiya da Mongolia. Cikakken mai dafi mai guba (farawa daga tushe da ƙare tare da furen). | Girman inflorescence ya kai 20 cm, launi na petals yana daga rawaya zuwa orange. |
Shuka Poppy a cikin ƙasa bude
Flowering poppy yana farawa daga watan Agusta zuwa Satumba, yana kimanin wata daya, shuka ba shi da ma'ana.
Ga dukkan nau'ikan poppies, musamman lambu, girmar da kai ya fi kyau. Lokacin da akwatin fashe da tsaba aka canjawa wuri zuwa ƙasa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar iska ko ƙudan zuma a karkashin hunturu, to, poppy lambu zai yi farin ciki farkon seedlings.
Kowane ƙasa ya dace - super yashi da tsaka tsaki.
Domin shuka ya yi fure na dogon lokaci, ya kamata a datse da zaran an fara ɗaure akwatunan.
Baya ga seeding na kai, ana iya dasa poppy a gonar tare da tsaba daga cikin akwatin. Lokacin da ganyayyaki suka yi wilted kuma da alama sun tsage tare da gefuna, zaku iya samun kayan dasa daga shi.
Zai fi kyau shuka shi a cikin bazara, duk lokacin rani zai yi farin ciki tare da fure, babban abin magana shine cewa babu wani abin da ya faru kusa da ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Yana da kyau a zabi wuraren rana, tunda wannan shuka ta zo mana daga yankuna na hamada, yana da kyau a shirya ƙasa daga ƙasa talakawa a gonar ko amfani da takin gauraye da ƙasa. Zai fi kyau zurfafa zurfafa daga tsaba 3 cm a cikin ƙasa, shuka a nesa na 5-10 cm, a ƙarshe, ruwa.
Kula da Jin dadi
Kulawa da masassarar kayan lambu shine mafi sauki - baya buƙatar tsari don hunturu, a cikin fari shine mafi kyau ga ruwa da takin sa, amma ba lallai bane. A bu mai kyau zuwa ga sassauta kasar gona da cire ciyawa.
Itace shekara bayan an gama ciyawa daga ƙasa sai a watsar da ita, amfanin gona mai ɗorewa.
Poppy bazawa
Hakanan, ana iya gundura poppy ta amfani da itace - bayan fure, an yanke harbe-harbe (ramin) kuma an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa lokacin da 'yan itacen suka ɗauki tushe, ana dasa su kuma su girma zuwa wani 1-2 shekaru.
Cututtuka da kwari na kashin kaji
| Take | Alamu Bayyanannun ganyayyaki | Hanyar gyarawa |
| Powdery mildew | An rufe shi da farin shafi. | Tsarma 50 ml na soda a cikin bayani mai ruwa-ruwa ko a cikin 10 na ruwa na jan karfe na glor 40 g, kurkura ganye. |
| Downy mildew | An lalata su kuma an rufe su da launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa, akan ciki sun juye da shunayya. | Yi amfani da wannan hanyar kamar na mildew powdery. |
| Fusarium | Ganyen da ganye suna rufe duhu duhu, kwalaye na alagammana. | Ana cire tsire-tsire, kuma an zubar da ƙasa da maganin kashe-kashe. |
| Canji | Green spots a cikin ganyayyaki. | An zubar da Poppy tare da cakuda burgundy, Kuprosat, Fundazol. |
| Weevil | Dankin mai tsire-tsire mai cin tsire-tsire yana zaune a cikin ƙasa. | Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ƙara 10% Bazulin ko 7% Chlorophos. |
| Aphids | Smallan karamin plaque na kwari akan ganye da mai tushe. | Wanke ganye da kara tare da Antitlin ko soapy ruwa. |
Don hana kamuwa da cututtukan fungal, ya fi kyau dasa poppy a wuri guda tare da bambanci na shekaru uku.
M kaddarorin poppy
Tsarin farin ciki ya ƙunshi kusan dukkanin abubuwan alama:
- alkaloids;
- flavonoids;
- kwayoyin acid;
- fats da glycosides;
- squirrels.
Poppy oil shine kayan masarufi mai mahimmanci da aka yi amfani da shi wajen keɓaɓɓen kayan kwalliya da kuma a fannin magunguna.
Tun daga zamanin tsohuwar Girka, aka san masu aikin bugun zuciya da kwayoyi masu bacci. Mafi kwanan nan, an yi amfani da tsaba a matsayin magani don tari, sun bi da cututtukan ciki, kumburi da jijiya na sciatic, rashin bacci, basur, huhu da gudawa.
Kada yara ta ɗauki shekaru 2 da haihuwa, tsofaffi, mutanen da ke da cutar huhun ciki, da kuma mayewar giya.
