Zamiokulkas amyloidaceous - tsire-tsire mai cike da guba a cikin iyalin Aroid, 'yan asalin yankunan ƙafafun ƙafafun da ke cikin yankin tsakiyar Afirka ta Tsakiya. A cikin al'adun daki, akwai daya kawai jinsin - ƙaramar-ganye zamioculcas.
Bayanin
Furen yana da rassa-fuka-fukan gashin tsuntsu da yawa a kan ƙananan kara, yana girma daga tarin fuka da kuma ciyayi tare da ganye mai launin fata. A cikin tubers, fure ya adana ruwa a ajiye. Itselfan daji da kansa ya ragu, tare da kulawa da hankali yana girma har zuwa mita 1.
Zamioculcas Bloom yana da wuya ainun kuma ba a san shi ba, cob of light cream hue yana ɓoye tsakanin lianyen ganye.
Babban nau'in ɗakin
Wani sabon tsiron da ba a san shi ba ya zama sananne kwanan nan, kawai a ƙarshen ƙarni na ƙarshe. A wannan lokacin, yana matukar son tsire-tsire masu shayarwa wanda har masu shayarwa suka fara samar da sabbin tsirrai.
| Dubawa | Bayanin |
| Karami-leaved | Na farko sanannen tsari, wanda masu kiwo na Dutch suka yada shi, ya fito ne daga Afirka ta Kudu, inda aka gano shi a tsakiyar karni na XIX. Bugu da kari, wannan nau'in ya tsiro da kyau a tsibirin Madagascar. Don ƙarami, ganye mai laushi, an ba masoya furanni suna mai jituwa - itacen dala, jama'a - Lodges. Itace tana haɓaka sannu a hankali, tana ƙirƙirar daji mai 1 1 high, mai sauƙin kulawa, ya cancanci shahararren ɗakuna daban-daban, gami da ofis. |
| Lanceolate (Zamioculcas lanceolata) | An samo shi a Mozambique a farkon karni na ashirin. Dogon reshenta an rufe shi da ganyayyaki masu tsawo. An kafa daji da kanta zuwa tsawan 1.5 m. |
| Boiavin (Boivinii Decne) | Hakanan daga Afirka ta Kudu. A can kuma ana kiranta "Zanzibar Pearl", kuma a cikin ƙasarmu - "Farin Ciki." Ganyenta masu launin fata suna da santsi mai santsi. Duk da babban tarin ƙwaro, yana da matukar inganci kuma baya haƙuri da fari, ya fi son iska mai laushi kuma yana buƙatar fesawa. |
| Mie Binance ko bambanci (Zamioculcas variegate) | Asali daga Madagascar. Tsarin ya jawo hankalin mutane tare da ganyayyaki masu launuka iri-iri tare da fari ko launin fata, wanda aka shirya cikin tsauraran jerin lissafi. Saboda yanayin yanayinsa, sayarwa ke da wuya. |
| Baki (Zamioculcas Blak) | Matasan shuka suna da launi na yau da kullun, amma duhu tare da shekaru, ƙaruwar haske ba ta tasiri da launi na ganye, sun zama daidai da suna. |
| Mai cutarwa | An gabatar da ƙaramin ra'ayi a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe don ƙananan ɗakuna. Furen dwarf ya girma da sauri, rassansa ya kai tsawon 60 cm, yana ƙaruwa zuwa 6-8 a cikin shekara. Ana iya sanya karamar shuka a cikin wani gida a kan karamin taga. |
Fasali na dasa da dasa Zamioculcas, kasar gona da tukunya da tukunya
Bayan juyawa, tushen tushe ya kamata ya haɓaka a cikin tanki 2-3 cm fiye da shi. Yana da kyau idan tukunyar da aka yi da yumbu, tana barin iska ta wuce. A cikin tukunyar filastik, danshi yana iya yiwuwa, wanda a sa'ilin zai iya lalacewa kuma tsiron ya mutu.
Dole ne a sami ramuka a ƙasan akwati, sannan ana iya amfani da gadaje na filastik da gilashin fure.
Zamioculcas zai yi kyau sosai a ƙaramin fure idan tushen ya isa bangon jirgin. Dwarf tsire-tsire suna da kyau sosai a cikin tukwane masu tsayi a cikin kayan fure, da kuma manyan samfurori a ƙanana da faɗi.
Transplantan ƙaramin daskararre ana watsa shi a cikin ɗan ƙaramin akwati kuma yana jujjuya shi a duk shekara yayin da yake haɓaka. Ana jujjuya bushes daga tukunya zuwa wani sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyar.
Dole ne a yi wannan da kulawa sosai don kada a cutar da tushen mai saurin lalacewa. A lokaci guda, tsohuwar ƙasa ba ta canzawa. A hankali cire tsire daga kwandon da ya gabata a kan zuriyar dabbobi, a cikin sabon - sanya magudanar ruwa, sannan sanya fure. Fresh ƙasa ana zuba a kewayen tuber saboda ya tashi dan kadan sama da ƙasa.
Mafi kyawun lokacin juyawa ana daukar bazara ko kaka. Wani sabon shuka da aka sayi ana dasa shi ne wata daya bayan mallakar.
Matsayi mai mahimmanci don namo
Don ingantaccen kulawar fure a gida, ya kamata ku bi dokoki masu sauƙi.
| Sigogi | Lokacin bazara / bazara | Lokacin sanyi / Hunturu |
| Wuri / Haske | Baranda mai haske mai haske ko lambun fure. | Manya da ɗakuna masu ɗamara da dumama. |
| Zazzabi | + 21 ... +29 ° С | + 15 ... +18 ° С |
| Danshi / Ruwa | Sau 1-2 a cikin sati biyu. | Sau ɗaya a wata tare da dumi, ruwan sha. |
| Manyan miya | Sau biyu a wata tare da taki don cacti ko succulents. | Da takin mai magani don ware. |
Mai jan tsami
Tare da daji da aka kafa ba daidai ba, shuka yana buƙatar pruning, wanda za'ayi a cikin bazara. An cire maki girma, bayan an cire shi daga gefen da bai dace ba kuma an cire shi. A hankali, ana ba da tsire mai siffar mai sihiri, wanda a sa'ilin duk rassan za su sami isasshen haske, rana da abinci mai gina jiki, kuma zai kasance mai girma har ma.
Sake bugun Zamioculcus
Hanyar haifuwa:
- iri;
- yanke;
- ganye tushen;
- wani reshe na reshe ko tushe;
- tarin kwayoyin.
Tsaba
Neman tsaba kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Amma idan kun yi sa'a kuma za a gabatar muku da tsaba daga Afirka, to tsarin narkar kamar haka:
- Ana sanya tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi (ƙasa don cacti ko succulents) a nesa na 2-3 cm, sannan a yayyafa shi tare da ƙasa.
- An jawo fim a kan akwati, wanda aka tashe don samun iska sau ɗaya a rana.
- Don watanni 2-3, suna saka idanu akan danshi na ƙasa, suna gujewa yawan shan ruwa da bushewa, idan ya cancanta, su fesa.
Da farko, ana kafa tarin kwaro, daga abin da kwaro ya tsiro. Lokacin da ganye na gaskiya guda biyu suka bayyana, ana dasa su a cikin ƙananan kwantena.
Yankan
Ana amfani da hanyar yaduwa don yaduwa a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon bazara. Ana ɗaukar wani ɓangaren ganyen tare da ganyayyaki biyu waɗanda aka yi gabaɗaya daga tsire-tsire na uwa wanda ya kai shekaru 5-6. Daga matasa shuka ko kawai sayi cuttings kusan ba su kai tushen:
- Yin amfani da wuka mai kaifi, yanke yanki na reshe.
- A cikin awanni 2-3, bada izinin yanki don bushe (abin toshe kwalaba).
- 1/3 karamin karfi ta hanyar magudanar ruwa, sannan kuma ta ƙasa don haɓaka violet ko succulents. Hakanan an dasa shi a cikin gilashin ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin tare da Bugu da ƙari na allunan da aka lalata na carbon ko potassium na gwagwarmaya.
- Kasancewar ƙura da ɓarnatattun ƙwayoyin tare da tushen abin ƙarfafa, an binne shi a ƙasa zuwa zurfin 2-3 mm, a hankali matse shi da ƙasa.
- Don tushen tushe mai kyau, ƙwayoyin suna buƙatar ƙasa mai ɗumi, zazzabi na + 22 ... +25 ° C da gumi na 70-75%.
- An rufe 'ya'yan itacen da fim. Kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa, ana ɗanɗaɗa shi tare da bayani daga tushen sa ruri.
- Ruwa yana ƙaruwa bayan makonni 2, lokacin da tushen farko ya fara girma.
- Bayan makonni 7-8 tare da bayyanar nodules, an sake dasa shuka a cikin wuri mai haske kuma fara kulawa kamar shuka mai girma.
- Sabbin ganye zasu bayyana cikin watanni 5-6.
Ganya
Hanyar yaduwar ganye yana da tsawo. Babu fiye da guda 3 da zasu iya girma a cikin shekarar.
Ya fi girma ganye da aka zaɓa, da sannu sabon shuka zai yi girma.
Mataki-mataki:
- An yanke takardar da aka zaɓa tare da wuka mai gurɓataccen a kusurwa na 45 °. An yanke ranar da za a yanka kafin farawa.
- Thirdarshe na uku na takardar ana yin buroshi tare da carbon wanda aka kunna da karfi wanda aka haɗe shi da mai kunnawa na tushen.
- Lokacin da aka kafe a cikin ruwa, ganye suna ba da nodules mai rauni. Suna ba da shawarar dasa su a cikin cakuda peat da yashi a wani rabo na 50:50, yana ƙaruwa da 1/3 na tsayi.
- Takaddun ganye da aka rufe da fim suna ɗauke da zafin jiki na + 22 ... +25 ° C, ana shirya iska ta yau da kullun.
- A tsakanin watanni 2-3, ƙananan nodules yakamata ya inganta, kuma ganye ya bushe.
- Farkon littafin farko zai bayyana ne a cikin watanni 5-6. Sannan yakamata ku dasa shuka matasa a kananan tukwane tare da magudanar ruwa mai kyau. Diamita na sababbin kwantena shine 7-10 cm.
Tubers
Ana amfani dashi don jurewa daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Satumba. Don wannan hanyar, ana amfani da tsire-tsire na gida na manya idan suna da maki biyu na haɓaka. In ba haka ba, ba sa hadarin daji.
Mataki-mataki umarnin:
- Cutar ta bushe tsawon kwanaki 2-3.
- Ruwan magudanar ruwa zuwa tsayin 1/3 an aza shi a ƙasan akwati tare da diamita na 10-12 cm, kuma a saman shine cakuda mai kunshe da adadin ganye, ciyawar ƙasa, peat da yashi tare da ƙari na 5% ingantaccen yumɓu yumɓu da humus.
- Yanke tubers tare da aya mai girma ana binne su a cikin ƙasa ta 3-5 cm.
- Suna kulawa da shuka, amma ba sa ciyar da shi, amma kawai ya fesar da shi.
- Amfani na farko yana yiwuwa ne kawai bayan makonni 4-6.
- Ganyayyaki 2-3 ne kacal suke girma a kowace shekara. Bayan wannan, ana shuka shuka a ƙasa kuma girma kamar yadda ya girma.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma, cututtuka, kwari
Zemiokulkas tsire-tsire ne mai fassara, amma matsaloli daban-daban na iya faruwa tare da shi. Tare da kulawa mara kyau, bayyanar sa tayi rauni sannan kuma ya kamata a ɗauki matakan.
| Bayyanannun ganye a jikin ganyayyaki, sauran alamomin | Dalili | Magani |
| Bar ganye karami, juya rawaya, bushe tukwici form. | Haske mara kyau. | Sanya shuka a cikin wani wuri mai amfani. |
| Fadowa daga ganye babba. | Rashin ruwa ko wuce gona da iri. | Daidaita ruwa. |
| Blackening da tubers. | A yanayin zafi da karancin zafi, rot yakan fara tasowa. | Theara yawan zafin jiki na shuka yayin bushe ƙasa. |
| Bayyanuwar duhu aibobi. | M yawan ruwa tare da zafi mai yawa da ƙarancin zafin jiki. | Sanya shuka a cikin wani wuri mai dumin zafi, rage shayarwa har ma da fitar da ƙurar ƙasa. |
Kwari guda dollar na iya shafar kwari:
| Dalili | Alamun rashin nasara | M matakan | Hanyoyin jiyya |
| Putrefactive so | Blackening na tubers da mai tushe a gindi. | Ainihin tsarin mulki. | A farkon cutar, magani tare da sinadarai sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2:
Idan mummunan lalacewa ya kamata a dasa shi cikin sabon, ƙasar da aka noma a baya. |
| Aphids | Ganyen an rufe shi da matsanancin ɓoyewa, curl kuma ya faɗi a kashe. Umarin tarin kwari yana bayyane akan sashin gaba. | Tsarin binciken ganyaye daga baya. Tsarin furanni na lokaci-lokaci tare da maganin sabulu. Ilasa amfani har ta ɗanɗara a cikin tanda da zuba tafasasshen ruwa. | A hankali wanke kowane ganye tare da soapy ruwa. Kafin ƙarshen kwari na kwari, aiki na ɗayan sunadarai:
|
| Spider mite | Furen ya rufe bakin zaren. | Sabbin tsire-tsire da aka sayi daban da tsire-tsire na cikin gida na tsawon wata guda. | Maganin sunadarai: Zolon, Actofit, Fitoverm (10 ml a kowace lita 1 na ruwa). Fitar hasken UV. |
| Garkuwa | Abubuwan haɓaka launin ruwan kasa ana kafa su ne a bayan ganye. | A ajiye gefe bushes daban. Tsarin tsari dubawa na tsirrai. | Kula da kwari tare da maganin sabulu ko magunguna. |
Don sarrafa kwari, zaka iya amfani da magunguna na mutane:
- 40 g da taba da 1 lita na ruwa;
- 30 g grated tafarnuwa ko 20 g albasa a cikin 1 lita na ruwa;
- Tafasa kwalayen 5-6 na barkono mai ruwan zafi na 1 hour a cikin lita 1 na ruwa.
Nace a rana. Ana magance kowace hanya sau 2-3 tare da tazara na kwanaki da yawa. Hakanan zaka iya murkushe 1/3 na alkallen sarrafawa na zakara, narke a cikin 0.5 l na ruwan dumi kuma fesa ƙasa da shuka har sai an lalata kwari gabaɗaya.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara ya gaya: alamu da camfi
Kudi da yawa da camfe-camfe suna da alaƙa da Zamioculcas; don wannan, ana kiran furen da itacen dollar.
Yayin shayarwa ranar Talata a kan wata mai tsiro, ana tambayar fure don haɓaka rayuwa. Don ban ruwa yi amfani da ruwa kudin da aka shirya ta hanyar nace tsabar kudi na kwanaki da yawa.
An dasa shuka ne kawai ga wata mai tsiro, don haka yana ba da karuwa a wadata, kuma bisa koyarwar Feng Shui, gidaje suna cikin kudu maso gabas. Don haɓaka kuɗin kuɗin kuɗi, an ɗaura zaren ja a cikin akwati, kuma an sanya kuɗin dala wanda aka soke a mazugi. An sanya saman dala ɗin akan fure kuma an tabbata cewa bai faɗi ba.
