Cikin gida Gerbera da kulawar gida

Gerbera daga dangin Astrov. Masanin kimiyyar Yaren mutanen Holland Jan Gronovius ya gano wata fure a shekara ta 1717. An samo fiye da nau'ikan 70, yawancinsu suna girma a Afirka, wasu a Asiya na wurare masu zafi.

Bayyanar dakin Gerbera

Dankin ya kai cm 25-55 cm. Haka kuma, matsakaicin girma mai yiwuwa ne a lokacin fure saboda samuwar furen daga rosette na ganye. A samansa, kwandon da bai wuce 14 cm ba a buɗe. A lokacin fure, furannin na iya zama kowane launi. Akwai nau'ikan launuka masu launin ruwan hoda, fari, burgundy da sauran tabarau.

An shirya ganyaye da yawa a cikin kananan tiers akan ƙananan petioles. Suna da siffar feathery-dissected, sashin tsakiya ya fi elongated. Launin ganye yana duhu duhu. Wasu lokuta ana samun tari mai laushi mai tsayi a kan petioles.

Jerin Gerbera

Abubuwa iri biyu suna da mashahuri - Jameson da ganye kore. Ainihin, dukkanin ɗakunan an bred daga matakin farko.

Nau'in, petals	Sanadarinka	Bambancin, furanni
M, kunkuntar	Flowersananan furanni har zuwa 9 cm a diamita.	Aldebaran ruwan hoda ne. Alkar - inuwa ta cikakkun cherries.
Babban flowered, kunkuntar	Isar da 13 cm.	Vega - orange. Jupiter mai rawaya mai haske. Algol shine ceri cikakke.
Babban-fure, matsakaici	Matsakaici matsakaici.	Mars ja.
Babban-fure, falo	Manyan har zuwa 15 cm.	Delios, Markal - launin rana.
Terry, kunkuntar	Girman matsakaici har zuwa 11 cm.	Kalinka - tabarau mai rawaya. Viola - cikakken ruwan hoda. Sonya - launin ja.
Terry, fadi	Manyan.	Tsoro - mai haske, mai zurfi ja

Kulawar Gerbera a Gida

Itace wacce ta fara a Afirka ta kudu tana buƙatar yanayi mai kama da mazauninta na al'ada. Ta bin ka'idodi, zaku iya ƙara lokacin fure.

Gaskiya	Lokacin bazara / bazara	Hunturu	Fadowa
Wuri	Wuraren suna kan windowsill a gabas ko yamma. Dole ne a sarrafa ɗakin a kowace rana. A lokacin rani, ana jujjuya su zuwa titi ko dasawa cikin buhunan fili.
Haske	Tsabtace a cikin wurin da aka rufe.	Aiwatar da kyalli ko firinji don samar da shuka da haske.
Zazzabi	Ba ya ƙyale zafi sama da + 30 ... +32 ° C. Bar Fade.	A + 12 ... +14 ° C, furen yana shiga cikin iskar shaƙatawa; fure a cikin wannan lokacin bashi yiwuwa. Koyaya, ƙananan yanayin zafi na iya kashe shuka.	Zazzabi na yau da kullun shine + 20 ... +24 ° C.
Haushi	Yana buƙatar zafi na 70-80%, don haka a cikin lokacin bazara sarari da ke kusa da shi an fesa.
Watse	Matsakaici, kamar yadda gaskiyar ƙasa ke bushewa. Ruwa a zazzabi a daki (+ 20 ... +22 ° C). Idan ya cancanta (a lokacin rani, lokacin da aka sanya shi kusa da batirin), fesa sarari kusa da shuka ko sanya humidifier kusa.
Manyan miya	Nitrogen taki ya dace a watan Fabrairu, Yuli-Agusta, da kuma potash yayin fure. Maganin an pre-diluted da ruwa, kuma an ɗan shayar da ruwa.

Shuka, dasawa, ƙasa domin gerberas

Juyawar Shuka ya fara da zaɓi na tukunya. Ya kamata yumɓu, wannan yana ba da izinin tushen gerbera don numfashi da kuma kula da yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa.

Zaku iya dasawa sati biyu bayan siyan furanni. Wannan yana ba da damar shuka don saba da sabon yanayi.

Gardenerswararrun lambu ma sun ba da shawarar:

zabi tukunya sau biyu kamar tsufa;
rike ganga da ruwan zãfi;
maye gurbin ƙasa gaba ɗaya, da kuma lalata tushen;
idan tsiron yayi ƙarami, to sai ayi takin kowane kwanaki 5-7.

Jameson

Don dasa shuki amfani da ƙasa mai haske - ɗan ƙaramin acidic. Ana iya sanya shi da kansa (2: 1: 1):

ƙasa mai rarrafe;
peat;
yashi.

Yataccen yumbu ko kayan kwalliya a matsayin filita.

Tsara a lokacin dormancy lokacin da gerbera ba ya fure. A wannan yanayin, an bar tushen fita zuwa ƙasa don 1-2 cm.

Gerbera yaduwa

Kwararrun sun bambanta hanyoyi biyu na yaduwar fure a ɗaki ta amfani da tsaba ko rarraba daji.

Tare da tsaba

Ya dace da lambu waɗanda suke so su yi girma da sabon iri ko propagate wani gerbera. Ana siyan tsaba a wani kantin sayarwa ko girbe su a lokacin furanni. Don haifuwa zaka buƙaci:

zuba ƙasa a cikin tukunya (cakuda turf da yashi) don 1-2 cm;
fitar da tsaba da kuma yayyafa su da ƙasa, amma ba fiye da 5 cm;
rufe tare da fim, da kuma sanyaya ƙasa tare da mai sprayer;
bar wuri mai dumi, mai haske;
bar iska ta shiga danshi har sai ganye na farko;
bayan bayyanar alluna na 3-4, raba zuwa kananan tukwane.

Raba Bush

Hanyar ta dace idan akwai wata shuka da ta girmi shekara biyu, sannan za a iya dasa ta. Bayan rarrabuwa, ana shayar da gerbera kuma an kai shi zuwa wurin da babu hasken rana kai tsaye, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na matsakaici.

Mataki-mataki:

cire itacen daga tukunyar kuma ka goge Tushen a kasa;
raba cikin bushes na 3-4, yayin barin maki biyu don haɓaka;
datsa Tushen ta 10 cm;
dasa shuki a cikin tukwane ya yayyafa da ƙasa;
Abubuwan waje suna kasancewa 1 cm sama da ƙasa.

Ganyen ganye

Kuskure cikin kulawa, cututtuka da kwari

Sau da yawa masu lambu suna yin kuskure a cikin kula da gerbera, wanda ke haifar da gaskiyar cewa yanayin ya tsananta. Koyaya, idan kun lura da wannan tsari cikin lokaci, to zaku iya gyara gajerun abubuwan kuma ku mayar da itaciyar ta asali.

Kuskuren Kula da Al'umma

Bayyanai	Dalili	Matakan magancewa
Ganyen ganye	Rashin ruwa, ba ya wadatarwa ko akasin haka.	Ruwa ya kamata ya kasance a dakin zafin jiki, da kuma matsakaici watering.
Fadwa ganye	Rashin ruwa, busasshiyar iska.	Fesa da shuka da ruwa sau da yawa.
Duhu ko juya kodadde mara ganyaye	Rashin haske.	Matsar da tukunyar gerbera zuwa gefen rana.
Ganyen bushe	Fitaccen takin da aka zaɓa ko rashinsa.	Sayi samfurin nitrogen.
Rawaya rawaya a cikin ganyayyaki	Kunar rana	Cire tsire a cikin inuwa, kuma ma ya fesa ba shuka da kanta ba, amma sararin da ke kusa da shi don kada ruwa ya faɗi akan ganyen.
Ba ya fure	Tukunya mara kyau, ƙasa ko wuri.	Canza gerbera a cikin babban akwati. Cire zuwa gefen inda babu ƙasa sosai, kuma canza ƙasa tare da ƙarancin nitrogen.
Blackening stalk	Temperaturearancin zafin jiki, ruwa mai yawa.	Moisten kasar gona sau da yawa. Matsa zuwa ɗakin da iska zata yi zafi.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Baya ga kurakuran da masu shukar fure suka yi, tsirrai na iya haduwa da cututtuka da kwari iri-iri. Koyaya, wannan yakan haifar da rashin kulawa da kyau.

Nau'in cuta ko kwaro	Kwayar cuta	Matakan sarrafawa
Powdery mildew	Matattarar launin launin toka-fari a kan ganyayyaki ya zama denser na tsawon lokaci kuma yana canza launi zuwa launin ruwan kasa.	Idan ka gano nan da nan, to zaka iya amfani da hanyar mutane. Don yin wannan, Mix mustard bushe da ruwa (50 g a lita 10) kuma a kula da shuka sau 2-3 a kowace kwana 3. Idan hanyar ta kasa, to sai a datse duk ganyen da ya kamu. Sauya topsoil tare da sabo. Bi da tare da fungicides (Topaz, Vitaros).
Grey rot	Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki da kuma kara. Sannu a hankali suna jujjuyawa suna zama rufe da fararen farin kaya.	Don dalilai na hanawa, an ƙara shinge na ƙwayoyi a cikin ƙasa. Lokacin kamuwa da cuta, rage adadin ruwa zuwa ƙarami, yanke duk mai tushe da ganyayyaki, kuma yayyafa waɗannan sassan tare da gawayi na aiki. Bi da gerbera tare da Fundazole, maimaita hanya bayan makonni 2.
Late blight	Bayyanar launin ruwan kasa a jikin ganyayyakin, wanda daga baya ya zama baki ya lalace. Hakanan cutar ta shafi tsarin tushe, yana raunana shi.	Don dalilai na hanawa, an sa Tushen a cikin maganin kashe-kashe, misali, Alirin-B. Ana kula da ƙasa tare da jiko na tafarnuwa, yayyafa shi. Jiyya yana farawa tare da cire wuraren da aka shafa, kuma ya hada da lura da gerbera da ƙasa tare da Fundazole.
Fusarium	Abincin ya bushe kuma mai kauri. Bar Fade kuma zama rufe da launin rawaya aibobi. Pink ko farar fata ta bayyana akan sassan da aka shafa na shuka.	Ba shi yiwuwa a warkar da cutuka daga wannan cutar. Kuna iya amfani da itace don yaduwa, amma ku kula da yanke, dole ne su kasance masu tsabta. Don kada shuka ya mutu, ya kamata a aiwatar da prophylaxis, don wannan, ruwa tare da bayani mai sauƙi na potassiumgangan. Lokacin dasawa, yi amfani da Maxim, Skor.
Garkuwa	Tsarin launin ruwan kasa ko launin fata a kan ganye da mai tushe.	Don magance, ya zama dole a shafa mai a cikin masu gadin tare da kerosene, mai injin kuma a bar shi na awanni 2-3. Sannan a goge ganyen tare da kumfa mai sabulu na sabul ɗin wanki sannan a bi da Aktara., Fufanon.
Aphids	Insectsanan ƙananan kwari da suka buge buds, matasa gerbera sun fita. Yana kaiwa zuwa ga gaskiyar cewa sassan tsire-tsire sun bushe.	Amfani da maganin kashe kwari, misali Tanrek, Admiral, Spark-Bio.