Eshsholtsiya na gidan Makov ne, ya haɗa da nau'ikan dozin da yawa. An fara samo wannan shuka a Arewacin Amurka, a ɓangaren yamma.
Abun tunawa ne da zinari a launi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ardsan Spain ke kiran eschsolzia kwano na gwal. Itatuwa na da kyau sosai da soyayya, amma ba ta bukatar kulawa ta musamman kuma tana kara samun shahara a bangaren kiwo.
Bayanin da fasali
Wannan itace daji na herbaceous wanda ke da tushe a cikin tushe. A harbe na bakin ciki da yawa. Furanni suna kama da poppies, launi daga rawaya zuwa ja da inuwarsu, mai sauƙi ko ninki biyu, ya danganta da iri-iri.
Fulawa daga bazara har zuwa hunturu. Koyaya, ɗan ɗayan ɗayan ɗaki yana rayuwa ne kwanaki kaɗan, ana maye gurbin shi da mafi yawan lamba, kimanin adadin 1/2. Katin ziyartar wannan shuka bawai fure bane kawai, amma kuma farar fata, launin toshiya akan mai tushe da ganyayyaki.
Nau'in nau'in eschscholzia
A yanayi da a cikin lambuna, ana samun nau'ikan nau'ikan guda ɗaya da kuma inflorescences.
Kalifoniya
Mafi na kowa. Bugu da kari, duk nau'ikan da ake la'akari da su sune nau'ikan California.
Itace yana da perenni, ya watsu a ƙasa. Ya na da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi mai tushe, matsakaici tsayi, game da 50 cm tsayi. Single buds, 8 cm a diamita.
| Digiri | Bayanin |
| Strawberry | Furanni masu fure tare da tsarin Semi-Tw ma na kowa ne. An gabatar da shi a cikin gradi na launuka 2, ja-rawaya. Daidai zai ɗauki tushe a cikin ƙasa mai dutse. |
| Peach sorbet | A cikin wannan nau'in, furanni kawai biyu ne, suna da kirim, launin fata. Yawan petals suna da yawa, sun kai 12. Tsawon kara ya zama ƙasa kaɗan, 25 cm. |
| Kulawa | Tsawonsa kusan 30 cm ne, furanni a diamita har zuwa cm 8. Yana da launi mai laushi na fure. |
| Fure mai fure | Furanni mai launin ruwan hoda mai haske. Kyakkyawan fasalin shine ciyayi mai yawa, mai yawa mai tushe, buds. |
| Chiffon | Kamar yadda kuka sani, 'ya'yan itace suna daukar mafi kyawun daga kakanninsu. Amfanin wannan iri-iri shine asalin fure. Zai fara a farkon Mayu, kuma ya ƙare lokacin da sanyi ya shigo. Furen suna da tsarin terry, launinsu na musamman ne. Yana fure a kungiyoyi, yayin da kowace fure take da inuwarta. |
| Ballerina Mix | Damuwa A cikin arsenal yana da talakawa da terry buds. Inuwarsu ta fito daga haske zuwa ruwan hoda zuwa lemo. Furanni kansu manya-manyan, kusan 9 cm a diamita. Mai tushe mai matsakaici ne, 40 cm. |
| Mikado | Harbe shine matsakaici, har zuwa 40 cm a tsayi. Littattafan suna da girma, kusan 7 cm a diamita. Yana da filayen kai tsaye. Launi yana wakiltar launin gradi na orange da rawaya mai haske. |
Growing escholia daga tsaba
Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci ta haihuwa shine iri. Ana iya adana tsaba a cikin dogon lokaci, alhali suna riƙe da kayansu.
Shuka kwanan wata, ribobi da fursunoni
Kyakkyawan bayani zai kasance shuka tsaba a lokacin bazara. Wannan yana ba su damar karɓar 100%. Haka kuma, masu rauni marasa galibi basa rayuwa karkashin irin wannan yanayi, yayin da eschscholia na fure zasuyi da wuri. Don yin wannan, shirya tsagi na musamman, kusan zurfin 5 cm.
Ana shuka tsaba ta dan matse su cikin ƙasa. Ciyawa daga sako-sako da humus an zuba a saman su, ƙasan sa bai wuce 2 cm ba. An yi wannan don hana daskarewa na ƙasa a wurin dasa, saboda wannan yana hana ci gaban tushen tushe sosai.
Autumn shuka yakan faru a watan Oktoba. Mafi yawa a cikin yanayin bushe, musamman tare da farawa na sanyi.
Wani, ya yi akasin haka, ya fi son shuka tsaba a cikin bazara. Koyaya, saboda wannan suna buƙatar sha wasu horo kafin sauka. An sanya su a cikin jaka na auduga na musamman, kuma ya rigaya ya kasance a cikin firiji akan ƙananan shiryayye. Dole ne a adana su aƙalla tsawon wata ɗaya kafin fara tashin su.
Fasaha na shuka escholzia a gida
Shuka ba ta yarda da dasawa kwata-kwata, amma wannan bai hana lambu ba. Kusan farkon watan Maris, zaku iya fara girma eschscholia akan windowsill a cikin gidan ku, amma ba ta hanyar da aka saba ba. Ana amfani da kwamfutar peat kawai. Anyi wannan ne don kada ya lalata tushen tsarin shuka lokacin dasawa.
Ana sanya kwamfutar hannu a ruwa domin ya yi laushi. Bayan haka, tare da taimakon ɗan yatsa, an sanya tsaba 2-3 a ciki. Bayan haka suna yafa masa peat, kuma an sanyaya farfajiya.
An bada shawara don rufe seedlings tare da fim ɗin filastik, sakamako na greenhouse zai ba da damar don saurin shuka na sauri. Bayan bayyanar farkon harbe, dole ne a cire fim ɗin, da kuma seedlings kansu saka a cikin mai sanyaya mai haske.
Kwanaki 15 bayan fitowar seedlings, kuna buƙatar ciyar da tsirrai tare da cakuda ma'adinai na musamman.
Idan ya cancanta, jigilar shuka zuwa filin budewa, ana yin wannan tare da kwamfutar hannu, tana decomposes a cikin ƙasa, kuma tushen tsarin ba shi da rauni a kowace hanya yayin dasawa.
Game da makonni 3 kafin dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude, seedlings fara taurara.
Yi wannan ta hanyar fallasa akwati tare da tsiron don buɗe sararin samaniya da yawa. Hardening wajibi ne don a lokacin da dasawa cikin bude ƙasa, shuka ba ya mutu daga zafin jiki na ƙasa na ƙasa.
Ginin waje na eschscholzia
An bada shawarar yashi don shuka, lallai ne a sami riƙon da ruwa.
Lokacin sauka
Shuka bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa lokacin da barazanar sanyi ta shude. Yawancin lokaci wannan shine Mayu-Afrilu.
Koyaya, duk yana dogara da yankin saukowa.
Fasali
Da farko, kuna buƙatar shirya ƙananan rami rami. Rike nesa tsakanin su aƙalla 30 cm, wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙazamar ƙazamar bushes. An saka nutsar a cikin rami da aka haƙa a baya tare da kwamfutar peat, bayan wannan an yayyafa shi da ƙasa, to, ana tamped. Bayan haka suka shayar. Fulawa yana faruwa bayan kimanin wata guda.
Bude Fiye da Escherichia Kula
Wannan inji shi ne unpretentious a cikin yanayi, na bukatar kawai saman miya, da kuma dace watering. Dole ne a aiwatar da ƙarshen na musamman da yamma, kafin faɗuwar rana. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a jagoranci kwararar ruwan a bayyane a ƙarƙashin tushen shuka, don kada ku shafi inflorescences, kuma kada ku lalata su.
Tsarin ma'adinai tare da mahimmancin phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium yana da kyau don ciyarwa. Yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar ƙwayar gaba ɗaya da haɓaka adadin inflorescences.
Kwayoyin halitta suna yanke ƙauna sosai, saboda shi, eschscholtia zai mutu.
Don samun damar isa cikin iska, ana buƙatar ƙasa ta kwance akai-akai, da kuma lalata budsanyen da suka bushe a lokaci.
Eschscholzia bayan fure
A ƙarshen fure, an girbe tsaba kuma an shirya shuka don hunturu.
Tarin iri
Gabaɗaya, eschscholtia na haifuwa sosai ta hanyar shuka-kai, don haka tarin iri ba lallai ba ne. Idan a nan gaba ana tunanin dasa shuki a wuri guda, zaku iya "barin aikin ya tafi da kansa". Lokaci na gaba, furanni masu dozin da yawa zasu faranta wa ido ido. Koyaya, idan ya kamata a dasa su a wani wuri, ya zama dole a saka jakunkuna na musamman akan furanni. Bayan haka, bayan makonni 4, a yanka zirin capsules, sai kawai a cire tsaba.
Jaka ta Gauze za ta ba ku damar ware tsaba daga waje, ta haka ke hana fitowar da ci gaba da cututtuka daban-daban. Na bushe shi sannan na aika zuwa firiji don ajiya.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A cikin bazara, yanke ragowar tsire-tsire, yi digging sosai na shafin. A cikin bazara, mai tushe mai ƙarfi tabbas zai bayyana a can, an fitar da su kuma an ciyar da su. Kamar wata daya daga baya, za su yi fure.
Cutar da kwari
Eschscholzia yana da tsayayya da cututtuka daban-daban, amma ba shi da rigakafi daga dukkan cututtuka. Mafi na kowa matsala da wannan shuka ne tushen rot. An tsokane shi da yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa. Wannan cuta tana bayyana kanta kamar fure mai wilting. Hanya daya tilo don ganowa tabbas ita ce ta tono tushen. Idan yana da launin toka, to, ya zama launin toka. An cire tsire-tsire da aka shafa, an kula da maƙwabta tare da maganin fungicidal, an dakatar da shayarwa na ɗan lokaci.
Game da lokutan bushewa, babbar matsalar ita ce gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Yana bayyana kanta a cikin yanar gizo wanda ke rufe ganye, kuma a cikin ganyayyaki kansu zaka iya ganin ƙananan, ɗigo. Acaricides suna da kyau don jiyya.
Wata matsalar escholzia na kowa shine aphids. Koyaya, yana da sauƙin shawo kan sa cikin sauƙi, ya zama dole don fesa tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa tare da ruwan sanyi, kuma su gurbata shi da tsire-tsire makwabta tare da maganin fungicidal.
Mr. mazaunin rani ya ba da shawarar: kaddarorin magani na eschscholzia
A zahiri, kowane tsire-tsire a cikin yanayi yana da manufa ta musamman. Hakanan lamari ne da wannan fure. Ancientan asalin tsohuwar Indiya sun yi nazari game da warkarwa na eschscholtia. Tare da taimakon ta, sun rage ciwon hakori, suka yi yaƙi da inji. Koda anyi amfani da fitsari, anyi amfani dashi don inganta haɓakar fata da kuma dawo da matsayin adonsa na baya. Magungunan zamani suna amfani da cirewar wannan tsiro a matsayin ɗayan ɓangarorin magungunan multicomponent. An sanya shi cikin magunguna da kuma maganin murjiyoyi. Bugu da ƙari, magunguna na tushen eschholtia suna da aminci 100%, wanda ke ba su damar amfani da duk mutane, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ko matsalolin mutum ba.
Koyaya, yakamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa babu wani abin da ya dace, kuma magunguna waɗanda suka danganci eschscholtia suma suna da sakamako masu illa wanda zasu iya haɓaka kawai idan an wuce matakin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Ba shi da mahimmanci a cikin wane nau'in maganin da aka yi amfani dashi. M raguwar tasiri, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da karuwa a cikin sashi. Don kaucewa mummunan sakamako, ya zama dole a bi umarnin likita sosai.
