Cosmea: iri, dasa da kulawa

Cosmea, ita ma '' yar kasar Mexico ce '', 'kyakkyawa' '' sarari ''. Itace ciyawa mai ɗan ciyawa tare da fure mai ban sha'awa. Ya kasance tare da dangin Aster ko Asteraceae. An fara gano shi a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka. Idan ka fassara sunan daga Girkanci, zaka sami kalmar "ado". A yau ya shahara a duk duniya saboda ƙamusinsa da kayan adonsa. Saboda sauƙin kulawa, ya zama cikakke ga masu farawa.

Bayanin Cosmei

Lokacin farawa da ƙarshen fure yana faruwa a cikin ɗaya (shekara-shekara) ko da yawa (perenni) lokaci na ciyawar. Gashi mai tushe na bakin ciki ne kuma na bakin ciki, galibi a tsaye, tare da girman 50-150 cm. Bar, biyu a kowane kumburi, dissected da fadada, sunyi kyau. Inflorescences a diamita shine 12 cm, launinsu ya bambanta da fari zuwa launin shuɗi-ja. Yana kama da kamara a cikin bayyanar.

Iri da nau'ikan kwalliya

Akwai fiye da 20 kofe na shuka, la'akari da na kowa.

Bifold

Mafi shahararrun tsirrai na shekara-shekara, Tushen daga Meziko, har zuwa tsayi 1.5 m. Ganyensa sun kasu kashi-kashi da aka yi kama da dill. Diamita na inflorescence ne kusan 7-10 cm. Kwanduna su ne ruwan hoda, fari, shunayya, ja. An bambanta nau'ikan waɗannan masu zuwa:

Sulfur rawaya

Ya girma a cikin kusancin Latin Amurka. An dauke shi tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, mai matukar son zafi. Kwanduna na orange ko launin shuɗi-zinare.

Cakulan

Wani sunan jini ja ko baki. Itace shuka iri. Furanni suna burgundy, kamshi kamar cakulan. Yana son zafi kuma ana samun shi cikin tukwane.

Koyaya, ana iya girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe, kuma lokacin da sanyi ya zo, murfin ko canja wurin zuwa gidan.

Yawan nau'in Terry suna cikin babban bukata.

Mafi shahararrun iri:

Terry

An shirya Petals a cikin layuka da yawa, wanda ke ba da ƙawa da kyau na musamman. Zai iya zama rana mai rawaya, burgundy ko orange.

Aria'idodin Varietal

Waɗannan nau'ikan da suka haɗa da furanni iri ɗaya, amma sun bambanta da launi.

Sensation

Haɓaka launuka iri-iri, a cikin tsayi ya kai 1-1.5 m, kwanduna fari, ruwan hoda da inuwa ja.

Bakan gizo

Ya gamsar da ido tare da sautunan jituwa iri-iri, akwai ruwan hoda, ja, fari, ruwan hoda. Girma har zuwa 1.2 m.

Tushewar teku

Yawancin nau'ikan nishaɗi, wanda aka haɗu da relorescences Reed wanda aka haɗa a cikin bututu, sakawa da kuma a cikin kamannin launuka.

Cosmei namo

Hanyar sananniya don kiwo shine iri. A saboda wannan dalili, a cikin yanayi mai zafi, ana girma perennials a matsayin shuka shekara-shekara. Akwai hanyoyi biyu na girma: seedlings da tsaba.

1. A cikin hanyar farko don samar da tsire-tsire matasa, ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙananan akwatuna tare da ƙasa (zai fi dacewa cakuda yashi-peat) a farkon bazara, a sauƙaƙe a cikin ƙasa kuma a sanya shi a cikin dakin rana a zazzabi na + 18 ... +20 ° С. Ana tsammanin bayyanar tsiro bayan kwanaki 7-14. Lokacin da suka isa wasu masu girma dabam, an dasa su a cikin tanki mafi girma tare da kiyaye tazara tsakanin cm 10-15. Sa’annan, ya kamata a canza yanayin zafin jiki zuwa + 16 ... +18 ° С. Farkon furanni ana tsammanin a farkon Yuni.
2. Hanya ta biyu ita ce sanya iri a cikin ƙasa akan titi. Da farko, tono karamin rami a cikin zurfin 10 mm (bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke). Sa'an nan kuma an watsa ƙwayar a cikin guda 3-4, yana lura da nisa na 30-40 cm tsakanin su kuma an shayar da shi don kada a wanke tsaba. Bayan haka, ana kulawa da su, kamar tsire-tsire. An lura da yawo a ƙarshen Yuli.

Cosmey saukowa a cikin ƙasa bude

Dasa dasa a cikin marigayi Mayu ko farkon Yuni, lokacin da aka riga an bar frosts safe da safe. An zaɓi wurin mai natsuwa da rana. Duniya an riga an shirya ta: bai kamata ta kasance mai gina jiki sosai ba, matakin pH ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon 5.1-5.5, an daɗa ruwa sosai. Lokacin da tsawo na seedlings zai zama 60 mm, an sanya shi a cikin ramuka na dug 30 × 30 cm a girma, cike da ruwa. Bugu da ari, an rufe su da ƙasa kuma an sake shayar da su.

Don tsirrai masu tsayi, sandunansu suna makale a kusa, don haka daga baya, idan ya cancanta, ana iya ɗaure shi. Lokacin da daji ya kai tsawo na 50 cm, tsunkule fi na mai tushe. Godiya ga wannan, kwaskwarimar za ta yi girma da kyawu.

Kulawar Cosme na waje

Abubuwan da ke fitowa fili suna buƙatar weeding akai-akai, kwance ƙasa daga ruwan sama ko ruwa. Yayin da kake girma, wannan buƙatar ta ɓace.

Ba shi da ma'ana dangane da ruwa, zai iya jure ɗan fari, amma har yanzu yana da kyau kada a bar wannan don guje wa asarar sa.

Cosmea bayan fure

Lokacin da furanni suka fara bushe, an yanke su saboda tsire-tsire na iya ci gaba da ƙanshi. An bada shawarar barin kawai waɗanda daga baya za a yi amfani da su wajen shuka.

Ta yaya kuma yaushe ake girbe ƙwayar kwakwa

Balaga da wani fure yake zartar ta hanyar bayyanarsa: idan ya bushe da launin ruwan kasa, to zaka iya tara shi da lafiya. An adana tsaba da aka girbe a cikin ƙaramin jaka (takarda ko zane) a cikin bushe da duhu da aka sanya iska mai kyau.

Kalmar yin amfani yana da iyaka: matsakaicin shekaru 3.

Perennial cosmea a cikin hunturu

Yana buƙatar shiri na farko. Lokacin da tsire-tsire ya yi toho, tononsa yana toho, kuma tsawon sashin da ya rage ya zama cm 90. soilasar da ke kusa da furen ya fi dacewa da kayan halitta ko kayan ƙwari, wato, mulching. A cikin wannan tsari, zaku iya amfani da ganyayyaki da suka fadi ko rassan spruce.

Cututtuka, kwari

Ba abin da ake yarda da cututtuka da kwari ba, duk da haka, yana iya fuskantar hare-hare a farkon matakin girma. Idan aka sami katantanwa da dunƙulewar furanni a ganyen fure, ana tattara su da hannu kuma an hallakar da su. Kyakkyawan zaɓi zai kasance don kafa tarko tare da giya, wanda zai rage adadin parasites, kawai kuna buƙatar bincika su a kai a kai kuma maye gurbin koto.

Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da sanarwar: dalilan da yasa cosmea ba su yi fure ba

Za'a iya bambanta masu zuwa:

• Maballin ƙasa Idan ba ku aikata wannan a kan lokaci ba, to, fure bazai da lokacin buɗewa.
• Yawan abinci mai gina jiki. Saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙasar da furanni ke tsiro yana da yawan gaske, duk dakarunta sun je su ƙara taro kore: dogaye masu kauri da kauri, manyan ganye. Don guje wa wannan, ya kamata ka sarrafa lokaci da adadin takin da ake amfani dashi.
• Rashin dokokin kulawa (ambaliya, sanya wuri a cikin inuwa) na iya haifar da rashin buɗe furannin.