Kayan kabeji kwari, akwai mai yawa, kuma yaki da su ba koyaushe nasara ba. Don makiya ne babanuha, Delia radicum, wavy ƙuma kabeji fari malam, diamondback asu, kabeji asu, kabeji looper, kabeji aphid, kabeji kwaro, kabeji tushen skrytnohobotnik, kowa wasan kurket, Ogorodnaya diba, slugs, duhu Chuck, da sauransu. Kowace shekara, waɗannan kwari suna iya ba mutanen da ke da gonaki su da yawa matsaloli. Amma har yanzu kada ku yi sauri tare da tsanantawa da magunguna. Haka kuma akwai hanyoyin gargajiya da za ku iya sarrafa shuke-shuke. A kan yadda ake aiki da kabeji daga kwari, da hanyoyin da za a magance magungunan za a tattauna dasu.
Shin kuna sani?Girkawa sun yi imanin cewa kabeji zai taimaka wajen rage barasa da maye gurbin ku kuma mayar da ku zuwa ga zaman lafiya.
Babanuha
Babanukha ko kabeji ganye ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyi ne baki ƙwaro tare da kore shimmer da brownish paws. Ganye na ganye zai iya lalata wasu iri iri iri, ciki har da kabeji. Hakan ya fi yawa a cikin ƙasa, a karkashin sauran sauran tsire-tsire, a cikin bishiyoyi, da sauran wurare masu ɓoye na gonar lambu. A farkon Yuni, wannan ƙwaro ya bar wurin hunturu kuma ya fara cin ganye ganye. Mace na iya gnaw duk ramuka a cikin wadannan ganye, inda suka fara saka yatsunsu.
Daga matakan kare kariya daga babanuhi ya kamata a lura da haka:
- a hankali cire duk albarkatun gona bayan girbi;
- gudanar da sako na sako;
- cire naman radish da mustard;
- shuka seedlings a farkon zamani;
- a cikin kaka don tono sama ƙasa a cikin gado tare da seedlings.
Spring Cabbage Fly
Wannan kwaro ne karamin launin toka mai launin fuka-fuka tare da fuka-fuka-fuka (Fig.2). Tsayin jiki na tashi ya kai 6 mm. A spring fly larva kai a tsawon 8 mm. Ta launi - farar fata. Wadannan larvae na iya lalata ba kawai kabeji ba, amma har radishes, turnips, rutabaga.
Pupae kwari fi so in hunturu a cikin ƙasa. Mata zasu iya sa qwai su kai tsaye a wuri kusa da tushe na shuka. Bayan mako daya, larvae fara bayyana. Suna fara sa hanyar su zuwa tushen tushen shuka kuma suna cinye shi, ta haka ne ke lalata tushen. Har ila yau, wannan kwaro yana sa motsi a cikin stalk na kabeji.
Yadda za a magance wani kabeji tashi:
- yayyafa kabeji tare da burdock tincture (zuba 2 kilogiram na yankakken burdock ganye tare da lita 10 na dumi amma ba ruwan zafi, sa'an nan kuma bari shi daga don kimanin kwana biyu da iri);
Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin ka yayyafa kabeji daga ruwa kwari, kana buƙatar tunawa da rabu da dukan weeds da shuka sharan gona daga gado a lokaci.
- lokacin da kaka ya zo, yana da mahimmanci don tono ƙasa;
- Tabbatar tabbatar da al'ada, tun da yake irin waɗannan ayyuka sun taimaka wajen bunkasa tushen ƙarin.
Waƙar ƙusa
Kayan ƙwaƙwalwa shi ne baki ƙwaƙwalwa tare da sarƙar zinariya a kan kowane sashi. Tsawon ƙusa ya kai har zuwa 3 mm. Ruwa na kwaro yana da nau'i biyu na kafafu, launin launi da kuma duhu. Tsawon zai iya zama har zuwa 5 mm.
Gwanin raguwa yana kama da sabaccen ƙuma. Bambanci shine a cikin launi da wuraren zama (tsabtace yanayi).
A cikin idon ruwa, ƙwaro zai fara fitowa daga ƙasa inda ya lashe, kuma ya zauna a kan kabeji daji. Matar ta sa qwai ta kai tsaye a saman ƙasa. Domin kwanaki goma, yawancin larvae kuma a kan sha ɗaya yana bayyana, farawa don ciyar da kananan asalin kabeji. Bayan kwanaki 20, ƙuƙuman sun juya cikin tsutsa, bayan kwanaki 15, sabon jirgin sama ya bayyana. Beetles fara cinye kabeji, barin ramuka a jikinta. Hakan na shuka ya kasance gaba daya.
Yadda za a magance ƙusa:
- ya kamata ku yi decoction na tansy (zuba 800 g na dried ko 3 kilogiram na sabo ne tansy da kuma zuba lita 10 na ruwa, sa'an nan kuma tafasa duk abin da minti 45, kwantar da broth da kuma nace na 2 hours, sa'an nan kuma rauni);
- yayyafa kabeji broth da yamma 2 sau a mako.
Shin kuna sani?Dole ne a dakatar da wannan hanyar yin amfani da ƙuma a cikin makonni biyu kafin girbi.
Kabeji Mafarin
Wata malam buɗeren fata yana sa qwai akan qarqashin kabeji.
Sa'an nan caterpillars sun bayyana kuma sun fara cin abinci akan ganye, sa'an nan kuma sunyi tare da al'adun da ke kusa. Yawancin ganye ba su kasance cikin lalacewa ba bayan "hare-hare" na caterpillars, kamar yadda suke cin su kawai. A kan shuka kanta bayan haka zaka iya ganin veins. Rawasa a cikin ƙasa kanta zata fara rage al'adu a ci gaba, kuma tana tsayawa girma. Idan an shawo kan kabeji, to, ba a ɗaura takalma ba.
Yadda za a magance irin wannan kabeji karin kwari:
- zaka iya ƙoƙarin janyo hankalin hanzari da magunguna (abin da ake kira entomophages) ta hanyar dasa shuki dill da karas a kusa da gonar tare da kabeji;
- idan muna magana game da bude ƙasa, to, a ko'ina cikin tsawon lokacin girma da shuka ya kamata a bincika kuma ya hana yada qwai da larvae;
- aiwatar da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na wormwood, wanda zai ceci ku daga wannan m.
Kabeji Mole
Kalmar kwayoyi shine malam buɗe ido wanda fuka-fukansa zai iya kai har zuwa 1 cm.
Fushin fuka-fuki suna da launi mai launin ruwan kasa, tare da wanda akwai launi mai duhu. Fashin fuka-fukai na malam buɗe ido suna da zurfi, duhu launin toka a launi. Kwafi na irin wannan asu na kabeji zai iya isa tsawon lokaci har zuwa 1 cm Kullun yana da launi mai laushi da kafafu takwas.
Yawancin malamai yakan tashi a ƙarshen bazara kuma ya shimfida qwai tare da sassan da ke ƙasa da ganye. Bayan mako guda, zaka iya lura da bayyanar caterpillars da suka fara shiga cikin ganye sannan su lalata fata. A cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara na ganye ya bayyana alamar motsi. Bayan haka, kullun zai iya lalata ganyayyaki na ciki da kuma kabeji mai cin ganyayyaki, kazalika da tip.
Tsarin kabeji magani:
- Ana bada shawara don gudanar da ciyarwar foliar tare da wakili na musamman wanda ya ƙunshi potassium chloride (superphosphate);
- Kuna iya ƙoƙarin cire dukan sauran tsire-tsire waɗanda suka kasance bayan girbi;
- sako da gadaje da kuma cire dukan weeds cruciferous.
Kabeji Mace
Kwayar kabeji shine malam buɗe ido wanda fikafikansa ya kai 4 cm.
Wannan ƙwayar yana da ƙananan kwakwalwa tare da ratsan launin ruwan kasa. Fusho na baya suna haske launin ruwan launi. Kwafi ya fi so ya ciyar lokacin hunturu a cikin ƙasa, sa'an nan a farkon lokacin rani mashirar ya bayyana. Matar mace tana yada qwai daga kasa, a gefen ganye. Bayan kwanaki 11, ƙwaƙwalwa suna ƙwanƙasa daga ƙwai kuma suna fara cin nama daga cikin ganye, suna yin motsi da shi kuma suna yin ramukan zagaye. Babban lalacewa za a iya gani daga ciki na takardar. Kwangiji suna farawa a cikin wata guda.
Fighting irin wannan kabeji karin kwari:
- halaka dukan weeds;
- gwada ƙoƙari ku kama dukan butterflies tare da taimakon lantarki;
- mirgine ƙasa a gonar;
- yi kokarin shuka kabeji a farkon matakan kafin butterflies fara bayyana.
Kayan kabeji
Wannan kwaro ne malam buɗe ido wanda fikafikansa zai iya kai har zuwa 5 cm.
Fuskoki na fure-fukan fuka-fuki da inuwa mai haske. A baya fuka-fuki suna da launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Caterpillar scoops of koren launi, na iya zama rawaya rawaya a tarnaƙi na jiki.
Don magance ƙwanƙasa a kan kabeji an bada shawarar:
- Fesa daga broth barkono iri iri. Ɗauki 1 kg na barkono (ko 0.5 bushe ja), to, ku zuba ruwan zãfi. Dole ne a sanya broth don sa'a ɗaya. An toshe shi a cikin kwantena filastik kuma adana shi cikin wuri mai sanyi, duhu. Har ila yau, kafin ka fara spraying, ya kamata ka ƙara 40 g sabulu zuwa 250 ml na broth. Tsakanin Spraying - kwanaki 15;
- Wani bayani na farin mustard foda zai taimaka wajen yaki da wadannan kwari. Shiri: a 1 lita na ruwa ƙara 12 g na foda, Mix, iri. Kafin bugun kabeji, kawo 200 ml daga cikin bayani zuwa ƙarar 1 l;
- Hakanan zaka iya ƙoƙarin kama man shanu da haske;
- A cikin kaka, kar ka manta da kuyi / shuka kuji / gadaje;
- A lokacin rani, halaka dukan weeds;
- Shuka kabeji a farkon lokaci kafin bayyanar kwaro.
Cabbage Aphid
Kabeji aphid ne mai kwari. Aphid ya kai matasan shuka. A kan kabeji, zaka iya lura da bayyanar dige baki wanda ke ninka ganye.
Yana da muhimmanci!Idan ba a lalata aphids ba, shuka zata iya mutuwa.Fighting aphids on kabeji:
- Fesa tincture na tumatir fi;
- Bi da kabeji tare da sabulu da ruwa kuma bayan mako guda kada ku manta da sake maimaita hanya;
- Fuga da shuka tincture akan aphids (ash, turbaya da toba, cokali mustard, cokali na sabulu na ruwa - duk wannan zuba lita 10, daga ruwan zãfi, bari ya tsaya a rana, lambatu).
Kabeji tsutsa
Kwaro wani kwari ne wanda ke sa ido a karkashin faduwar ganye ya fita yana shuka inuwa.
A farkon lokacin rani, kwaro ya fito, kuma mata suna fara sa albarkatu a kan ganye, kwari, da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Cikin kabeji, wanda ya lalace ta hanyar kwaro, ya juya launin rawaya, kuma an kafa siffofin halayen a ciki. Young harbe na kabeji mutu. Hakanan zai iya fadawa ovary.
Shin kuna sani? Idan kuka dasa shukin itace kusa da kabeji, zai iya kare amfanin gona daga kwaro.Yakin kabeji kwaro:
- An bada shawara don yayyafa shuka tare da broth wormwood (zuba 3 kg na riga yankakken wormwood tare da ruwan sanyi da kuma tafasa don rabin sa'a);
- Har ila yau, wajibi ne a dasa shuke-shuke a gabanin bayyanar kwaro;
- rabu da mu weeds da shuka tarkace.
Kabeji Tushen
Tushen kabeji yana da ƙwayar launin toka.
Akwatin ta kai tsawon 3 mm. Yawancin yawanci sune fari kuma mai lankwasa a siffar takalma. Tsuntsayewa yana faruwa a cikin ganyen gandun daji. Mace fara farawa da ƙwai a cikin kwari na kabeji, yin ramuka a cikinta. Tsarin tsutsa yana cike da jiki a jikin, yana farawa da hankali don motsawa zuwa tushen. A tushen, bloating ya bayyana (ko abin da ake kira gall). Ɗaya daga cikin kabeji na iya zama mai yaduwa na 30 gal, inda larvae ke tsiro. Sa'an nan larvae shiga cikin ƙasa, inda canji zuwa cikin red fara.
Shin kuna sani? Yawancin likitoci sun ce kabeji na iya ƙunshe da abubuwa waɗanda zasu iya yakin basasar ciwon daji.
Hanyar na kwaro iko:
- cire weeds;
- duba tushen asali kuma ka fara kin shuka tare da girma.
Common kai
Nauyin nama na iya kai tsawon tsawon 7 cm Cikin kwari yana da jiki mai tsabta tare da taushi mai laushi da fuka-fuki, ƙananan jaws ba tare da gashin-baki da kafafu kafafu ba, wanda aka saba da shi don neman digo a cikin ƙasa. Medvedka kai tsawon tsawon 6 cm kuma yana da jiki mai tsabta tare da fuka-fuki, ƙaho mai karfi jaws; Ƙarfafawa a gaban kafafun kafa na kullun polar - wanda ya dace don digo wuraren ƙasa karkashin ƙasa.
Shin kuna sani? Medvedku yana da suna saboda suna da mummunan rauni, ƙananan maraƙi masu duhu, kamar bears.Fighting Medvedka:
- wani magani na kwari da ke kwance a cikin rami a lokacin saukowa na kabeji; ramin ya rufe ƙasa;
- tono ramuka, inda suke sanya doki mai doki. Medvedka ya sauka a can domin ya ciyar da hunturu, bayan da aka watsar da taki.
Ginin lambun
Akwai hanyoyi da dama don ciyar da ɗaki, don me aka raba su zuwa kungiyoyi biyu:
- gwanin dafa, wanda ke ciyar da kawai a kan tsire-tsire;
- cin abinci na ganye, wanda ke ciyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da tsire-tsire waɗanda suke sama da ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci!Dukansu jinsin suna nuna aikin su ne kawai da dare.
Tsarin lambu na lambun hunturu yana canjawa a zurfin 20 cm, to, caterpillar yana farfaɗo tare da farawa na zafi da yara. A tsakiyar lokacin rani, malam buɗe ido yana sa qwai a cikin wani ganye na kabeji. Kullun yana rushe ganye kuma yana cin 'ya'yan itacen.Hanyar hallarawa:
- Samun man shanu a cikin haske;
- Tattara caterpillars;
- Rushewar ciyawa da ƙayayuwa.
- Chemical spraying.
Slugs
A slug shi ne dare mafarauci farauta.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba lallai ba ne don kawo ƙasa daga wasu shafukan yanar gizo, tun da ƙwayar kwari da ƙwayoyin daji za su iya ɗaukar ciki.Yadda za a aiwatar da kabeji daga slugs:
- Bait (shirya raga tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ko giya kusa da gado);
- Yayyafa mustard foda;
- Shirya bayani na ammonia da ruwa (lita 40 na barasa da lita 6 na ruwa mai narkewa). Zuba tsakanin kabeji. Slugs fashe saboda wari mai ban mamaki;
- Sanya tarbiyya a duk gadon (ba kawai mutum ba yana so a ƙone shi);
- Crush da watsa yadun kwai;
- Tincture na m barkono zai taimake ka a cikin yaki da slugs;
- Lubricate wurin gonar tare da launi kore (1 kwalban kore ga guga).
Dark clicker
Tsayinta, wannan kwari zai iya isa 10 mm, kuma a cikin nisa - 2 mm.
Jiki yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, yana da siffar sutura. Fuka-fuki suna rufe da gashin launin yellowish-grayish. Kwaiwan wannan kwari suna da launi a launi, mai lakabi, 1 mm a diamita. A ƙarshen maraƙi akwai tip. A jan ne fari a launi kuma ya kai tsawon 12 mm. Nutcrack tasowa zuwa shekaru 6. An tsara shi bayan ciyar da parenchyma na ganyen hatsi. Mata na iya sa qwai a cikin tari na 18 (iyakar). A cikin zurfin zurfi zuwa 5 cm. A duk tsawon lokacin, mace tana saka har zuwa qwai 240. Tsuntsaye, qwai, da tsirrai suna ci gaba a cikin ƙasa. Za'a iya haifar da tsutsa har zuwa shekaru 5, musamman a yankin da aka yi da katako, kuma a cikin sashe na mataki - har zuwa shekaru 3.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka yi kokarin tsar da laima a yankinka, saboda wannan ƙwayar yana dauke da ƙaunar mai laushi.Rashin gwagwarmaya da dannawa dan damuwa shi ne matsala. Anyi shi ne ta hanyar waɗannan hanyoyin:
- Nazari a ƙasa;
- Ruwan ƙasa;
- Selection of beetles da larvae;
- Hana dakatar da lambun kayan lambu;
- Yayyafa lemun tsami, ash da alli, saboda haka rage acidity na kasar gona.
