Yau za mu gaya maka asirin shuka da shuka "itace".
Za ku koyi dalilai na kulawa da kuma kiwo, da kuma wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa akan shuka.
Shin kuna sani? A 1908, darektan Ginin Botanical Berlin, Adolph Engler, ya ba da sunan zamani zuwa tsire-tsire wanda ya karbi shi saboda yanayin kama da ganye da ganye mai sanyi.
Bayani don kulawa da dutsen dollar
Don farawa, koyi cikakken bayani game da dutsen dollar.
Zamioculcas - wani shuka da ke cikin iyalin Aroids kuma ya samo asali a cikin nahiyar Afirka.
A dollar itace yana da lokacin farin ciki tuber-kamar rhizome da m ganye.
Yanzu da muka koya kadan game da Zamiokulkas, za mu iya ci gaba da shawarwari don kula da shuka.
Ƙasa abun da ake bukata
Don gano irin irin yanayin da ake bukata don zamiokulkas, kana buƙatar tuna abin da kasa ke samuwa a cikin mahaifarsa, a cikin yankunan Afirka na wurare masu zafi.
Fure yana buƙatar ƙasa mai laushi, wanda zai "numfasawa" da kyau kuma ya shige danshi. Zaku iya saya ƙasa a ɗakin shagon kuma ƙara wasu kogin yashi. Ko kuma don yin substrate ga zamiokulkas ta hanyar haɗuwa a daidai adadin turf ƙasa, ƙasa na ƙasa (samuwa sakamakon sakamakon juyawa na ganye), peat da kogin yashi.
Zaka iya yin madadin "mix" na chernozem, peat da yashi a daidai rabbai. Lokacin hadawa kasar gona kana buƙatar ƙarawa zuwa ga yankakken sphagnum, wanda ya sassauta ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yankin dollar yana son ƙasa da tsaka-tsakin acidity (pH a 6).
Yanayin yanayi da hasken wuta
Zamioculkas basu da kyau ga yanayin tsare. Za a iya sanya duka biyu a kudu da kuma arewa masoya. Dandalin dutse ba ya jin tsoron samfurin, a lokacin dumi yana jin dadi a filin baranda ko a gonar.
Duk da haka, idan zaɓar wuri na fure, kula da hasken. Rashin haske yana rinjayar launi mai launi na ganye, Bugu da ƙari, sabon ganye yayi girma mai rauni kuma bai cancanci haifuwa ba.
Tsarin dutse yana jure wa yanayin zafi da rashin zafi sosai. Sakamakon zafin jiki shine 18-20 °. A lokacin hunturu, ya ji daɗi a zafin jiki na + 16-18 °.
Ta haka ne, ana iya ajiye tsire-tsire ta Afrika a cikin ɗakin ba tare da samar da yanayin zafi mai zafi ba. Ganye ba ya buƙatar ƙara rana ta hanyar shigar da ƙarin fitila.
Regular ban ruwa da zafi
Watering zamiokulkas ba ma bukatar sau da yawa. Dole kada kasar gona ta kasance a kullum, kuma har ma a cikin hunturu. Ƙara ruwa zuwa tukunya lokacin da ƙasa a ƙasa ya bushe. A cikin hunturu, ana yin gyaran ruwa a yayin da matashi a cikin tukunya yana kama da clod na ƙasa mai bushe.
Je zuwa humidification na iska. Tsarin dutse yana jin dadi da zafi kadan. Duk da haka, kada ka manta ka shafe ganyen shuka a kalla sau ɗaya a wata tare da zane mai laushi domin turɓaya da datti bazai tara su ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wuce haddi a cikin flowerpot take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa zamiokulkas rawaya. Sabili da haka, kada ku samar da matsanancin watering, in ba haka ba shuka za ta fara ciwo da kuma bushe!
Taki da kuma saman miya na kasar gona
Idan shuka ya hana ci gaba da ci gaba, to, kana buƙatar tunani game da yadda zaku iya ciyar da itace na dollar.
Fertilizing wani shuka a lokacin girma kakar ya kamata sau ɗaya a mako, alternating Organic taki tare da ma'adinai taki. Zaman da takin mai magani ya kamata ya zama sau biyu, saboda haka an gama dakin gyaran da ruwa 1: 1.
Sau ɗaya a wata, dole ne a yada itacen dollar tare da urea ko takin mai magani. A wannan yanayin, yad da jiki na shuka, kuma ba saman launi na ƙasa ba. Ciyar da shuka bisa ga umarnin, zaka adana launi na ganye, hana cutar da kuma hanzarta ci gaba da Zamiokulkas.
Features fasalin gyare-gyare
Bugu da ƙari, fertilizing da watering, Zamiokulkas ya kamata a kai a kai transplanted a cikin wani sabon tukunya domin shuka shi ne resistant cuta kuma yana da lafiya bayyanar. Yaushe kake buƙatar dasa dashi a itace don kada ya cutar da shuka?
An aiwatar da shinge na Zamiokulkasa a watan Afrilu ko Mayu. A lokaci guda, yana da muhimmanci a dasa shuka tare da kasar gona daga tsohuwar tukunya. Saboda haka, kana buƙatar ka watsar da tukwane wanda ya fi ƙanƙan da gidan "tsohon" ko kuma daidai da girmansa.
Yana da muhimmanci! A gida, ana dasa dashi na dutsen yaro 1 a kowace shekara.
An dasa shuka a cikin tukunya mai girma (3-4 cm ya fi girma fiye da tsofaffi a diamita), yayin da mafi girman gashin tushen basu rufe kasa don tushen tsarin bai zama mabura ba. 2 days bayan dasawa, dole ne a shayar da shuka sosai.
Zai fi kyau a sake shuka shuka a cikin tukunyar tukunya tare da kasa da kasa. Duk da haka, ya kamata ba ta kasance mai girma ba, saboda haka yayin da za a gaba dashi ba za ku raba shi ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rushewar tukunyar filastik yana nuna cewa shuka yana buƙatar buƙatarwa.
Kamar yadda ka gani, yana da sauki sauƙaƙe zamiokulkas a gida.
Kusar gida
Mutane da yawa suna tunanin yadda za su ninka Zamiokulkas a gida. A cikin wannan ɓangaren, zamu amsa wannan tambaya da cikakkun bayanai dalla-dalla game da hanyoyin kiwon dabbobi.
Division na tubers
Yana da sauki yaduwa Zamiokulkas tare da tubers, kamar yadda tuber kanta ya raba lokacin girma. Dole ne ku raba rabon ɓangaren tuber a yayin da aka dasa shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Zai yiwu a rabu da tubers kawai idan akwai akalla aya ci gaba akan rabuwa da za a rabu. In ba haka ba, kawai kuna lalata tushen tsarin shuka.
Sanya rabuwa ya kamata a yayyafa shi da crumbs na carbon kunnawa kuma su bar su bushe. Bayan haka, dasa shuka a cikin tukunya da nauyin hade mai gina jiki, pre-rufe kasan tukunya da malalewa.
Wannan hanyar rarraba ba shine mafi kyau ba, saboda akwai hadari na mutuwar mahaifa. Bugu da ƙari, mai raba tuber ba zai zauna ba. Yana da daraja tunawa da cewa ba'a canza tsire-tsire matasa a wannan hanya saboda rashin isasshen tubers.
Kamar yadda kake gani, yana da sauqi don dasa bishiyar dutse da tubers, wannan nau'i na samuwa ne har ma da masu fure-fure marasa ilmi.
Cuttings
Raba ta hanyar cuttings yana da amfani, saboda, da farko, shinge ya ƙunshi karin kayan gina jiki wanda ke taimakawa wajen kafa sabon shuka, kuma na biyu, ana iya yaduwa a jikinta har lokacin da shuka ke da rassan 2-3 kawai, wanda za'a iya amfani dasu cuttings.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ɗauka wani shoot daga wani dutsen dollar yana da sauki. Don yin wannan, bazai buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, yana da muhimmanci kawai bi umarnin.
Don ƙwarewa, zaɓi ƙwarƙwara mai ƙarfi na girman mafi kyau (idan ka zabi ƙananan ƙananan, to, zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci don ƙare). Ana raba raɗin da aka zaɓa tare da wuka daga uwarsa da kuma sanya shi a cikin ruwa (mun kuma ƙara cajin da aka kunna don disinfection).
Yana da muhimmanci! Don grafting zabi wani ɓangare na tushe, wanda akwai akalla 1 koda.Ruwan da ke cikin tanki yana canzawa akai-akai kuma ana kula don haka yankan ba ya lalacewa. Da zarar asalin sun bayyana - an shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa.
Akwai wani bambancin jigilar kayan shafa, wanda aka sanya shuka a ƙasa. Bayan yankan harbe, an raba wurin rabuwa tare da murmushi da hagu don rana ba tare da sanya shi a cikin ruwa ba. Anyi wannan don katsewa ya rufe tashar ruwan 'ya'yan itace a kan yanke kuma ya samar da takarda mai laushi.
Bayan kwana daya, an sanya stalk a cikin m, mai haske, ƙasa mai gina jiki tare da adadin peat da abubuwa masu alama. Don yin sauƙi ga ginin don ajiyewa, za ka iya shigar da wani gine-gine-gilashi sama da shi (saboda haka zaka iya ɗaukar gilashin gilashin gilashi), wanda wani lokaci ana bukatar cirewa don iska.
Da zarar ganye na farko da fim mai laushi ya bayyana a kan shuka, ana daukan yanke. Yin watsi da yarinya ya zama dole domin ruwa baya fada akan koda (yana da kyau a zuba ruwa a kewaye da tukunyar).
Shin kuna sani? Baya ga spathiphyllum, zamiokulkas ma ake kira "mace farin ciki". Mutane da yawa sun ce shuka shuka yana yin abubuwan al'ajabi kuma yana sa mai shi yayi farin ciki da ƙauna.
Sauran sauti
Mafi sauki irin kiwo, wanda baya buƙatar lokaci da sauran albarkatu. A lokacin haifar da ganye, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa leaf shine duk reshe wanda ke tsiro daga ƙasa. Tushen zamiokulkas yana cikin ƙasa kuma yana da tuber da tushen. Don haka, don haifuwa ta yin amfani da kananan ganye, waxanda suke cikin ɓangaren babban ganye.
Kafin ka ninka shuka ka, shirya wuka mai kaifi da akwati na ruwa. Yi hankali a yanka ganye daga gefen dutse da kuma rage shi a cikin ruwa don haka 2/3 na ganye an rushe cikin ruwa. A lokacin da ka yanke leaflet kana buƙatar ɗaukar wani ɓangare na kara.
Daga lokacin da ka sanya leaf cikin ruwa, har sai tushen ya bayyana, zai iya ɗaukar kimanin watanni 3-6, saboda haka kada ka yi zunubi a kan mummunan launi ko koyarwar mara kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don wankewawa 1-2 Alluna na carbon kunnawa an sanya su a cikin ruwa.
Haka kuma ana iya dasa takarda a cikin peat. A wannan yanayin, bayan yankan takardar, dole a bar shi bushe don wata rana, sannan sai "tsaya" a cikin peat. Ganye yana zuwa 1/3 na tsawon da ruwa tare da isasshen ruwa (kada ku yi wa rigar rigar, in ba haka ba ganye zai juya kawai).Na gaba, da jita-jita tare da takarda don rufe tare da gilashi / can / polyethylene. Takarda daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yana buƙatar a shayar da shi. Lokacin germination daga asalinsu iri ɗaya ne kamar lokacin da aka nutsar da shi a cikin takardar ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da dasa shukar ganye a cikin substrate, baza ku iya ganin leaf rot ba, sabili da haka muna ba da shawarar ku yi amfani da ruwa don sarrafa tsarin aiwatar da germination.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa a cikin namo, cututtuka da kwari na zamiokulkas
Kwayar kudi yana shawo kan karin kwari saboda yawan rashin kulawa. Mafi yawan '' baƙi '' '' '' '' '' '' 'inji' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''
Bari mu fara da gizo-gizo mitewanda shine parasitic a kan shuka.
Ƙananan dabba wanda yake ciyarwa a kan tsire-tsire. Rikicin yana da ƙananan da wuya a gani. Cutar ta haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga shuka, saboda haka kana buƙatar yakin ta da sauri.
Don halakar da kwaro, zaka iya yin bayani na sabulu (wadda take buƙatar share dukan jikin shuka), ko amfani da kayan aikin musamman don magance magunguna - acaricides. Har ila yau gizo-gizo mite yana tsoron barasa. Saki wani sashi na auduga mai ruwan sanyi da kashi 96% kuma ya shafe dukan shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sai kawai tsofaffi suna jin tsoron barasa, ƙwaiyen ƙwai zai kasance da rai.
Kwaji na biyu na dutsen dollar - garkuwa.
Shchitovka yana cikin iyalin kwari na hemiptera. Yana ba da dama ga shuke-shuke, don haka Zamiokulkas ba banda. Don yakin, zaka iya amfani da dukkanin sabin sabulu daga sabin wanke wanka, wanda ake amfani dashi ga jikin jikin.
Bayan yin aiki tare da sabulu, rufe murfin filastik. Ana gudanar da wannan magani sau da yawa har sai musa ya bar injin. Ba mu bayar da shawarar yin amfani da sunadarai don magance garkuwa ba, saboda suna da maɗauri, kuma baza su shiga cikin yanki ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙara yawan zafi shi ne na farko dalilin da m kan zamiokulkas.
Baya ga parasites, zamiokulkas iya sha wahala daga cututtuka. Saboda haka, za mu gaya muku yadda za ku gano "ciwon" kuma ku warkar da shi.
1. Dark spots a kan ganye. Akwai dalilai da dama: matsanancin danshi, daftarin ko kuma ƙananan zafin jiki. Rage adadin watering da kuma motsa tukunyar filawa zuwa wani wuri. Bayan dan lokaci, zamiokulkas zai koma al'ada.
2. Rotting stalk. Ganye yana fara farawa idan an shayar da shi sosai a ƙananan zafin jiki. A lokaci guda kuma akwai halayyar haɓaka. Bugu da ƙari, da tushe, asalinsu sun fara farawa, saboda haka dole ne a gyara yanayin nan da wuri don haka shuka bata mutu ba.
Don ajiye dutsen dollar, an rushe shi kuma ya yanke sassa ɓata. Ana bi da yanka tare da kwakwalwan katako. Bayan "farfadowa", dole ne a kula da jiki na shuka tare da furotin kuma a dasa shi a cikin tukunya da sabuwar ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan tsarin ba shi da kariya, an cire tuber, yana barin dukkan itatuwan lafiya don haifuwa. Saboda haka, zaka iya mayar da injin.3. Ganye ya fara bushe. Zamioculcas ya bushe kuma ya bar ganye don dalilai biyu: tsufa ko na lalacewa na inji. Don haka kada ku damu, kawai ku tsabtace ganye da kuma tushe, don haka ba'a ji rauni ba.
4. Yellowing daga cikin ganye. Mun tuna wannan matsala a sama, lokacin da muka tattauna batun bazara. Ƙananan ganye suna bayyana a kan shuka idan akwai ragi na danshi. Har ila yau, idan rot ya bayyana akan tushen, ganye zai fara juya rawaya. Don warkar da shuka, kawai kuna buƙatar bushe ƙasa ko, idan yana a cikin jihar da aka bari, ya dasa shi a cikin wani sabon bushe substrate.
5. Stains a kan tushe. Idan spots ba su da rigar / taushi ga tabawa, to wannan yana da siffar shuka kawai. Har ila yau, aibobi masu duhu sun bar baya. Ƙunƙasassun rawaya na rawaya a kan ganye suna bayyana bayan kunar rana a jiki. A wannan yanayin, kawai canza wuri, kuma shuka kanta za a dawo.
Pruning Zamiokulkas
Tare da manyan kwari da cututtuka na dutsen dollar, mun siffa, yanzu za mu fara pruning zamiokulkasa.
Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da aka yi a cikin bazara. A lokacin yaduwar girma, ƙananan koda, wanda ya karɓa mafi yawan abubuwan gina jiki, an cire shi a hankali. Hanyoyin daji sunyi tsalle don haka a karshen kambin ya yi kama da siffar kwallon. Bayan pruning, ginin dollar nan da nan ya samar da ƙananan ƙananan, wanda sai ya juya zuwa kananan harbe.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba za ku iya kwashe a cikin hunturu ba, kamar yadda tsire-tsire na wannan lokaci ya shiga hibernation kuma yana daina girma.Yanzu ku san cewa ajiye ginin dollar a gida bai zama da wuya kamar yadda zai iya zama ba. Kada ka manta game da kula da shuka, kuma zai yardar da kai kullum.
