Red currant

Wasu 'yan dokoki da shawarwari don kulawa da jan currants

Red currant ne deciduous shrub daga guzberi iyali. Yana ba ka damar kawar da duk abinda ya wuce, daga barin abubuwan da ake bukata kawai don aiki na jiki.

Red Currant iri

Yawancin lambu sun ƙaunaci red currant, an bred da yawa daban-daban iri.

Shin kuna sani? An yi imanin cewa ja currant yana fitowa ne daga currant daji, wanda yake tasowa a cikin Carpathians da kuma cikin Rasha.

Yawancin launin ja-currant suna iya tsayayya da berries tare da nasu pollen. Wannan karfin, godiya ga wanda currant ya sami karbuwa a tsakanin masoya da amfanin gona da amfanin gona na Berry.

Mafi girman maki na ja currant sun kasu zuwa:

Iri na farkon ripening

Daya daga cikin mafi kyau ja currant iri tare da farkon ripening an dauke su Pink Pearl. Wannan iri-iri yana da kayan abinci mara kyau, dandano mai dadi sosai. Cikin itacen daji yana dan kadan, yana da tsayi. 'Ya'yan suna da ingancin ƙananan, suna iya rataye a kan rassan na dogon lokaci kuma ba su daguwa. "Pink Pearl" yana jure wa sanyi sosai.

Wani wakili mafi haske daga farkon nau'o'i ana la'akari currant "Cascade". A shrub shiga babban irin ja currant. Gwargwadon Berry shine 1.5 g, currant yana dandana mai dadi da m, tare da goga mai tsawo, kimanin 10 cm. Dabbobi iri iri ne a Amurka, yawancin cututtuka na jiki ba su shafi shi kuma yakan ba da girbi mai kyau.

Yawancin matsakaiciyar lokacin da ake yin ripening

Kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ba da dama iri-iri ripening "Ilyinka". Da iri-iri yana da nau'i daya, manyan berries, nauyin abin da shine 1.6 g. Gwaran suna da dandano mai dadi. Wannan iri-iri yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai yawa, kimanin kilo 5 na daji. Currants suna da tsayayya ga fungi, amma wani lokacin ana kaiwa kwari.

Wani iri-iri tare da matukar balaga - "ƙaunataccen." Ya bayyana a kwanan nan kwanan nan, amma da sauri ya sami ƙauna tsakanin masu aikin lambu da masu lambu. Kyautattun abubuwan da ke cikin nau'o'in sun hada da kyakkyawar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daga wani daji zai iya tattarawa zuwa kilo 12 na berries. Kamar yadda yake a "Il'inka", "ƙaunataccena" yana da kyakkyawar rigakafi ga cututtuka na fungal, kuma yana jure yanayin hunturu sosai.

Iri na marigayi ripening

Mafi yawan wakilan marigayi iri-iri iri iri sun hada da "Dutch Red" da "Ronde".

"Dutch Red" - Wannan ita ce tsohon tsohuwar yammacin Turai. Currant bushes suna da yawa lokacin farin ciki, da tsawo ne talakawan. Shafe kimanin 8 cm, kowane yana riƙe har zuwa 15 berries. A berries suna da haske, ja, wajen manyan. An dauki nauyin a matsayin mai ƙyama da sanyi.

"Ruri" - Har ila yau, wakilin wakili na waje. A bushes ne na matsakaici tsawo, compactly folded, karfi rassan da harbe. Gudun lokaci na iya riƙe kimanin 20 berries. A berries su ne manyan, ja, tare da mai dadi dandanawa dandano. Wani nau'i mai yawa da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai girma, sanyi-hardy, zai iya daidaitawa ga kowane ƙasa da yanayin yanayin damin, yana da kariya mai kyau ga cututtuka daban-daban.

Shuka ja currants

Abubuwan da ke amfani dashi na jan currant da haske mai dadi suna sa masu ƙasa su bunkasa shi a ƙasarsu. Duk da haka, don samun girbi mai kyau, dole ne a shuka shuka sosai. Game da yadda za a shuka shukar currants, bari muyi magana.

Yaushe kuma inda za a shuka ja currants

Lokacin zabar wani shiri na currants, kana buƙatar tuna cewa currants suna son mai yawa haske. Currant bushes cikakke ne a kudancin yammaci da kudancin yankunan, kuma idan akwai karamin abu, yana da cikakke cikakke. Kyakkyawan bayani shine shuka shukar daji kusa da shinge, amma an ba da wannan shafin zai kasance da kyau. Har ila yau, kuna bukatar tunawa da irin irin ƙasa kamar currants; yana bukatar mai yawa danshi, saboda haka kana bukatar samar da shi da isasshen ruwa.

Yana da muhimmanci! Mafi kyawun lokaci don dasa shuki shudan currants shine kaka.

Yadda za a zabi seedlings

Currants ana shuka su ne tare da taimakon seedlings. Mafi mahimmanci, shi yana haifar da shi daga shekaru biyu da haihuwa. Tsuntsu mai launi mai duniyar launin shukar mai girma daji zaiyi girma ya kamata ya zama akalla uku asalin glued. Idan ka sayi seedling a cikin tukunya, amma kada ka sanya shi da kanka, tabbas za a cire shi daga tukunya kuma duba tushen tsarin.

Taki da kuma watering ƙasa kafin dasa

Dole ne a la'akari da irin ƙasa da za a shuka. Zai fi kyau muyi tunani a hankali kuma ku yanke shawarar inda zai fi dacewa don dasa shudan ja a kan shafin. Currant bushes ƙaunar friable loamy ƙasa. Ba ya son ƙasa mai laushi tare da babban abun ciki na nau'in tsabta na alkaline. Wannan ƙasa za ta ƙone tushen kawai, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar shuka.

Don dasa shukar daji, kana buƙatar tono rami cikin mako guda. Anyi wannan don tabbatar da cewa duniya tana da lokaci don shiryawa, kuma malalewa ya fadi a wuri. Nisa daga cikin rami ya zama kusan rabin mita, zurfin kimanin 40 cm A kasan rami ya lalata magudi, alal misali, kananan pebbles, sa'an nan kuma takin, wanda zai ciyar da seedling. Idan akwai buƙata da yiwuwar, to, za ka iya ƙara superphosphate da potassium sulfate a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2, bi da bi.

Tsarin kulawa na jan currants

Duk da yake lambun da yake girma, yana bukatar ka ci gaba da bin shi. Yana da Dole a takin kasar, rabu da mu weeds, idan akwai bukatar buƙata rassan bushes.

Weeding da sassauta ƙasa

Domin currant yayi girma da ci gaba da kyau, dole ne a kiyaye ƙasa a kusa da shuka har abada kuma mai tsabta daga weeds. Dole ne a cika ƙasa sosai zuwa zurfin minti 10. Ana yin wannan magudi a kalla sau ɗaya kowace rana 20.

A lokacin kaka, dole ne a gwada ƙasa a ƙarƙashin currant 15 cm a zagaye na daji.

Watering da ciyawa

Red currant yana son danshi. Tushen itatuwanta suna samuwa kusa da farfajiyar kuma baza su iya samar da damar yin amfani da ruwa mai gina jiki ba daga ruwan karkashin kasa. Idan akwai rashin ruwa, shrub zai bushe, ya ragu da sauri kuma ya yi sauri.

Shin kuna sani? Idan kun ci duniya tare da kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta, to za'a iya yin gyaran kafa kadan sau da yawa.

Kuna buƙatar amfani da ciyawa. Hanyar mafi kyau ita ce haɗuwa da 50 g na soda ash, 50 g sabulu da kuma narke su a cikin lita 10 na ruwan zafi. A ƙasa karkashin daji za a iya rufe shi da wani Layer na ganye, ciyawa, peat da hay. Kula da jan currants a cikin bazara shi ne rufe ƙasa da jarida idan buds sun riga sun kumbura. Ana iya cire jaridu a lokacin da farawa farawa, kamar yadda a lokacin wannan kwari yana amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta daga ƙasa.

Proper pruning da kuma daji samuwar

Fassara pruning shi ne yanayin mafi muhimmanci ga kyakkyawan ci gaban bunƙasa mai jan currant bush. A karo na farko daji ya kamata a gyara shi bayan an fitar da shi. Yanke game da rabi girman girman kowani harbe, amma tabbatar da adana akalla 4 ci gaba da buds akan kowane harbe. Maimaita wannan hanya don shekaru uku masu zuwa. Kowace shekara za ku buƙaci yanke tsohon, da waxannan cututtuka ko kuma rassan rassan.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ana iya dakatar da pruning a cikin shekara ta hudu bayan dasa. A wannan lokaci, an riga an riga an kafa shuka sannan kuma za ta saya kayan harbe.

Hanyar haifuwa na ja currant

Zai fi kyau fara farawa na currants a farkon spring, har ma kafin buds fara Bloom. Abin takaici, ƙananan mutane sun san yadda za su rage juyayi, suna yin kuskure sau da yawa, saboda abin da currants ba su shiga cikin sababbin wurare ba. Currants za a iya propagated:

Tsaba

Don samun damar yaduwa da currants tare da tsaba, dole ne a ɗaure mafi kyawun goge a kanji tare da muslin kuma bar har sai cikakken maturation. Da karin lokacin da berries ke rataye a kanji, mafi kyau zai zama. Lokacin da berries sun cikakke cikakke, sa su a kan wani taga mai haske. Lokacin da ɓangaren litattafan almara ya fara decompose, haxa su da yashi mai tsabta, wanke da bushe. Shuka da berries a cikin gado don germination, a shekara daga baya dashi a cikin wani wurin dindindin na girma na currant.

Ƙirƙirar launi da kore

Red currant bushes haifar da kyau lignified da kore cuttings da yawanci transplanted a karshen lokacin rani. A ƙarshen watan Agusta, lokacin da aka fara bunƙasa buds, kuma mafi girma daga cikin harbe sun tsufa, an yanke su don dasawa. Don wannan, da-matured harbe har zuwa 4 years old su dace. An harbe harbe zuwa cuttings na 18 cm a tsawon kuma dasa kai tsaye a ranar girbi. Dole ne a shirya koda a gaba, an shayar da shi sannan kuma ya haƙa. Tsarin zurfin ya kamata ya kasance kamar yadda 1-2 buds kasance a farfajiya, da nisa tsakanin cuttings ya kamata game da 20 cm.

Shiryawa

Ƙungiyar red currant farawa a farkon spring. Don ƙwarewa zaɓin tsirrai masu yawan amfanin ƙasa, iri iri-iri. Akwai nau'i uku na shimfidu:

  1. A kwance. Don kyakkyawan sakamako, ka ci gaba da bunkasa shekara-shekara da tsire-tsire a gindin daji. Lokacin da harbe ke tsiro a kan waɗannan rassan, an rufe su da ruwan sama mai laushi, yana da mahimmanci barin ƙananan kyauta daga sprinkling. Bayan wata daya, dole a sake maimaita hanya. A cikin rassan, waɗannan rassan suna raye, a yanka a gindi kuma a yanka su guda guda. Layer da ke da tushen da aka gina don amfani da shuki, kuma idan tushen tsarin ya ɓullo da talauci, an bar ta wata shekara.

  2. Arc-dimbin yawa. A kusa da daji an rami rami zuwa zurfin 20 cm. An ragargaza rassan rassan zuwa gindin rami kuma a zuba tare da guga na ruwa, bayan haka an rufe su da kyawawan ƙasa. Kowace reshe, ta wannan hanya, za ta zama sapling mai cikakke ta kaka.
  3. Ga alama. A farkon lokacin bazara, an yanke katako a tushe, yana barin gajeren gajere 2-3 cm. Bayan haka, yawancin ƙananan rassan zasu girma a gindin daji. Lokacin da suka girma zuwa 20 cm, suna da kyau shayar da rabin spud duniya. By kaka, ana bukatar rabuwa daga babban daji da kuma sutura.

Raba daji

Ƙaddamar da currant bush yana nufin canja wurin daji zuwa sabon wuri. Tsohon daji an gama shi ne, a yanka a cikin guda domin kowane bangare yana da asali. Don dasa shuki mafi kyau fit matasa harbe. Sabbin sassa na daji ana shuka su a wuri mai dindindin, kuma mai tushe yana buƙata a yanke a kasa don ba da damar ƙwayar ƙaramin girma. Wannan shine hanya mafi sauki, amma mafi munin. Gyara bishiyoyi ne mummunan kayan kayan gona.

Amfani masu amfani da jan currant

Red currant ne da ake kira da lafiya kiwon lafiya Berry. Ya ƙunshi babban adadin sugars, acid, hadaddun bitamin E, A, C, da dama nitrogenous da abubuwa masu launi, baƙin ƙarfe, potassium, selenium, malic da acid succinic. Currant ne mai kyau antioxidant, an bada shawara a dauki shi a cikin abinci don hana abin da ya faru na ciwon daji.

Masana kimiyya daga kasashe daban-daban sunyi nazari daban-daban tare da jan currants. Bisa ga sakamakon aikin su, ana iya tabbatar da cewa red currants sun ƙunshi marmari da furocoumarins, waɗanda suke da kyakkyawan sakamako da maganin antitumor.

Abubuwa masu haɗari na ja currant

Amma duk da dukan kewayo na gina jiki a cikin ja currant, har yanzu yana da contraindications. Red currant ne tsananin contraindicated idan akwai na hepatitis, gastritis mai tsanani, duodenal miki da ciki miki. Red currant iya cutar da mutane wahala daga low blood clotting.