Nasturtium - ganye tare da launuka mai haske. Nasturtium mahaifarsa - Amurka ta kudu da tsakiyar Amurka. A yanayi, fiye da nau'in nau'i da nau'in wannan shuka an san.
Iri da iri na nasturtium
Wadannan iri sune mafi mashahuri da masu lambu: Canary Nasturtium yana kama da itacen inabi, yana da har zuwa mita hudu a tsawon. A shuka blooms a Yuni da blooms har zuwa Disamba. Furensa suna haske launin rawaya a launi, kama da tsuntsaye.
Big nasturtium - Yana da wani shrub tare da manyan ganye a matsayin wani garkuwa, tare da tsawo mai tushe girma zuwa uku mita. Ya yi fure daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa Nuwamba.
Ƙananan nasturtium. Sunan yana magana akan kanta - diamita na furanni ba fiye da 3 cm ba, mai tushe zai yi girma zuwa 35 cm.
Hoto gani. Harbe na wannan nau'in girma zuwa 4 m Wannan nasturtium blooms a Yuni da purple-ja furanni.
Nasturtium al'adu samuwa ta hanyar tsallaka manyan garkuwa da garkuwa, wani lokacin creeping da dwarf.
Mafi yawan iri iri a launi da haske:
"Vesuvius" - shrub iri-iri, mai launi furanni mai haske, wani lokacin launi juya zuwa orange, tare da haske ja splashes a kan petals.
"Dare da rana" - low shrub. Furen su ne cream da ja, musamman ma kyawawan bango da launi na launi.
"Cherry Rose". Furen Terry, an fentin shi a cikin launin ruwan hoda mai haske, ya juya a cikin mai launin jan.
"Yankin Terry". Flowers Terry, suna da duk tabarau na launin rawaya da ja da m m ƙanshi. Shrub yana tsiro zuwa rabin mita tsayi.
Alaska. Hannun wannan launi na marble nasturtium sune fari-kore. Launi na petals shine rawaya, orange da ja.
"Yeti". Harbe na wannan nasturtium yayi girma har zuwa mita biyu a tsawon. Furen su ne kirim mai tsami da launin rawaya a tsakiya na petal.
Shin kuna sani? A Amurka na zamanin Col-Columbian, ƙananan Indiyawan Peru da Chile sunyi amfani da su don inganta abinci. Wadannan sune nau'ikan iri-iri da ke ciki da ƙananan nasturtium.
Noma da kulawa
A yanayinmu, nasturtium ya girma kamar shuka na shekara-shekara. Kada ku rushe shuka tsaba na nasturtium, da zarar bazara ta zo. Ruwan fari ba su san abin da ba a sani ba a yanayinmu, kuma tsire-tsire masu tsin-tsirewa ba zai tsira da su ba. Zai fi kyau shuka shuka nasturtium a watan Afrilu.
Zaɓin wuri na sauko da nasturtium da hasken haske
Nasturtium yana son haske, zafi kuma bai jure wa yanayin zafi ba. Sabili da haka, zabi wani makirci a karkashin rana ko haske na penumbra, tare da tsari daga zane - wannan zai zama wurin da zai fi kyau shuka wani nasturtium a kasar. Don itacen inabi mai tsayi akwai buƙatar tallafi, wanda zai rataye, alal misali, shinge, shinge, bango na katako.
Ana shirya ƙasa don dasa
Don nasturtium, kasancewa a cikin ƙasa da wani wuce haddi na takin gargajiya, musamman sabo ne taki, shi ne wanda ba a ke so. A kan matalauta, gonakin da ba a rurrushe na nasturtium ba, ba za mu iya jira ba, har ma murfin leaf zai zama mahimmanci. Ƙasa yumbu ƙasa ma bai dace ba. Nasturtium yana da tushen tushen tsarin, don haka mafi kyaun zaɓi don shi haske ne, dan kadan acidic ƙasa tare da mai kyau malalewa. Don inganta dabi'un ma'auni na ƙasa, ƙara yashi zuwa gare ta.
Top miya, watering da weeding
Watering da kuma ciyar da nasturtiums ba su da wani musamman hadaddun girke-girke. Don ciyar da tsire-tsire sun fi dacewa da abinci tare da potassium da phosphorus. Mafi kyau - superphosphate, diluted cikin ruwa. Ko da yake wannan taki yana da wuya a tsarke, amma a cikin wannan tsari nasturtium yana karɓar shi. Abincin da ke dauke da ƙananan nitrogen ya dace. Fertilizing nasturtium bada shawarar sau ɗaya a wata.
An girma shuka fi son matsakaicin watering, da kuma matasa harbe - more m. Bayan nasturtium blooms, ya kamata a shayar kawai a lõkacin da ƙasa ya bushe sosai. Tabbatar da shuka a kusa da shuka, don haka sai ku sassauta ƙasa, kuyi shi da oxygen, da kuma kyautar nasturtium daga weeds.
Abin sha'awa A cikin karni na XVI, masu cin abinci na Turai, ba su fahimci abin da nasturtium yake ba, sun ba shi suna - "Ruwan ruwa na Indiya", domin suna kama da dandano.
Nau'in iri iri
Nasturtium multiplies sauƙi, wanda ya sa shi mai kyau a gaban masu lambu. A shuka za a iya propagated by iri, seedling da grafting.
Sake gyara seedlings
Don cimma farkon flowering, nasturtium girma seedling hanya. Saboda haka suna amfani da kofuna na peat. A cikin kofuna waɗanda aka shuka tsaba kamar nau'in peas a cikin gilashin guda ɗaya, zuwa karamin zurfin. A yawan zafin jiki a abin da seedlings suna jiran dasa shi ne + 20-22 ºC.
Seed kwanakin
Ana shuka tsaba a farkon watan Mayu. Harbe suna bayyana a cikin makonni biyu. Abinda ake bukata shine haske mai kyau.
Terms of dasa shuki seedlings a cikin ƙasa
A cikin ƙasa girma seedlings ana shuka su ne a farkon Yuni.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bisa ga tushen tushen tsarin shuka, an dasa shi tare da clots earthy, ba ruwa.
Tsarin iri
Ka yi la'akari da yadda ake girma nasturtium daga iri. Kafin dasa shuki tsaba dole su jiƙa. Bayan sun yi girma, dasa su a cikin hanya mai laushi: da yawa tsaba a rami, a nesa da 30 cm. A cikin makonni biyu, ya kamata a fara sabbin furanni. Duk da yake seedlings ba su ba da furanni na farko ba, suna bukatar a ciyar da su akalla sau uku a wata. Yakin kwanakin
A cikin ƙasa ƙasa, ana iya shuka tsaba a watan Mayu. Idan kana so furanni suyi shuka kafin dasa shuki, zuba ruwan zafi a kan ƙasa.
Sauya ta hanyar cuttings
Har ila yau, katsewar nasturtium ba mawuyaci ba ne. Cuttings tushe daidai da kyau a cikin ruwa da kuma a cikin ƙasa. Masu amfani da gonaki suna amfani da wannan hanya lokacin da ake shuka iri iri iri. Nasturtium zai zama abin da ya dace, a kan yanayin hunturu a gida cikin tukunya. A cikin bazara zaka iya siffanta shi. Yanke stalk a wani kusurwa kuma sanya shi cikin ruwa ko cikin cakuda yashi da peat. Lokacin da asalinsu, idan izinin yanayi, ana dasa bishiyoyi a ƙasa.
Yaya kuma lokacin da za a tattara tsaba
Tsaran nasturtium ya fara a cikin wata daya da rabi, bayan zubar da petals. Tsaba suna kewaye da ƙuƙwalwar ajiya. Idan ba ka buƙatar babban adadin tsaba don dasa shuki nasturtium, to sai ka fure furanni kawai ka karbi, don haka sai ka shimfiɗa tsawon lokacin shuka.
Hankali! Yana da wanda ba a ke so ba don tsaba to crumble a ƙasa. Da zarar launi daga kore ya zama girke, an cire su daga na'urar.
An tattara tsaba a kan takardar takarda don bushewa a dakin zafin jiki. Sannan irin nau'in nasturtium, wanda aka girbe shi har yanzu kore, yana da nasturtium. Ana shuka tsaba a yanayin sanyi.
Cututtuka, kwari da hanyoyi don magance su
Wannan dandano na musamman ya fi yawan kwari daga nasturtium, amma wani lokacin har yanzu suna kai farmaki akan shuka. Don magance kabeji da kuma moths aphids, za ka iya yayyafa da shuka tare da talakawa ash. Tun da nasturtium ash bai cutar da shi ba, ana iya maimaita hanya don rigakafi. Gurasa da barasa 96% na taimakawa daga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, kana buƙatar nada ƙasa da tukunya idan an dakatar da shuka.
Bugu da ƙari, kwari, nasturtium da cututtuka ba a sanya su ba. Idan ka lura cewa ganye sun bushe kuma an rufe su da zane-zane, tsire-tsire ba shi da lafiya.
Don magance ƙwayoyin cuta, wajibi ne don cire fayilolin da aka shafa, don aiwatar da hanyoyi daban-daban. Drugs zai iya zama sinadarai da nau'in bacteriological a cikin abun da ke ciki. Wadannan karshen sun fi dacewa saboda basu cutar da mutane da dabbobin gida ba, kazalika da amfani da kwari (ƙudan zuma).
Amfani masu amfani da nasturtium
Nasturtium ya ƙunshi babban adadin ascorbic acid, wanda ya sa ya zama da amfani wajen magancewa da kuma hana sanyi. Gidan yana dauke da sulfur da carotene, masu amfani da cututtukan tsufa irin su sclerosis. Potassium, iodine da kuma phosphorus suna tayar da matakai na rayuwa, ƙarfafa tsarin jiki, kuma kashe kwayoyin. Saboda abun ciki na maganin maganin rigakafi, nasturtium yana taimakawa tare da mura, mashako da sauran cututtuka na ɓangaren na numfashi na sama da kuma huhu.
An yi amfani da Nasturtium don farawar duwatsu a cikin kodan da kuma gallbladder, tare da kumburi da ƙwayar lymph, ciki, mace da namiji. Decoction taimaka tare da stomatitis da ciwon makogwaro. Laminin ruwan 'ya'yan itace don cututtuka na fata. A cikin kwaskwarima game da asarar gashi amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma tincture tare da nasturtium da nettle.
Duk iri da iri na nasturtium, sai dai kayan ado da lambun da launin launi, suna da kaddarorin masu amfani. Ƙanshin na musamman yana kawar da kwari da kwari da kuma janyo hankalin kwari da suke noman lambu da gonar lambu.
