Poinsettia - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Poinsettia ko mafi kyawun euphorbia ƙazantaccen ciyayi ne na dangin euphorbia, girma a cikin yanayi har zuwa 3 mita high. Yana da leceolate kore ganye 12-15 cm tsayi, kazalika da ƙaramin, rosette-dimbin yawa inflorescences tare da madara, Scarlet, ruwan hoda ko variegated bracts.

Theasar mahaifin poinsettia ita ce tushen ƙasashen Mexico da Amurka ta Tsakiya. A cikin yanayi na ɗakin, ana yin fure kamar fure mai kayan fure wanda ba shi da girma fiye da cm 50. A cikin yanayi mai dacewa, yana da haɓaka mai ƙarfi - karuwa a tsawon kusan 30-40 cm kafin fure.

Tabbatar karanta cikakken bayani game da pedilanthus da euphorbia mil.

Poinsettia: Alamu da Abubuwan Taɗi

Na biyu sanannen suna ga fure shine "Tauraruwar Kirsimeti", tunda ana daukar poinsettia alama ce ta wannan hutu mai haske kuma yana da wasu iko na ruhohi. Don haka, alal misali, idan detractor yana cikin gidan ko kuma mummunan rauni ya bayyana - inji ya koma rawaya har ma ya mutu, yana ɗaukar makamashi mara kyau.

Bugu da kari, akwai imani cewa poinsettia wadanda suka qawata dakin yara na sabon aure za su kawo dangin farko, sun baiwa mace karin so, kuma mutumin zai rufe sha'awar sa ta kallon wani ban da matarsa.

Poinsettia: kulawar gida. A takaice

Poinsettia a gida ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire mai wahala sosai, amma idan an cika duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don kulawa, ba za a sami matsaloli na musamman tare da namo ba. Babban sigogi na yanayi mai dacewa don fure:

Kula da Poinsettia a gida. Daki-daki

Hawan poinsettia

Blooms "Kirsimeti Kirsimeti" a tsakiyar lokacin hunturu - daga Disamba zuwa Fabrairu. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan infonspicuous inflorescences ne a cikin nau'ikan furanni masu launin fure, waɗanda ke kewaye da manyan bracts, waɗanda kawai ke haifar da bayyanar fure fure, ba shuka don ƙyalli na kayan ado.

Abun birgewa yana da launuka iri-iri iri daban-daban dangane da iri-iri, daga burgundy ja zuwa sautunan peach. A ƙarshen fure, ganye suka fadi, bayan wannan ba kowa zai iya sake ɗanɗano furen ba, adana shi har zuwa lokacin da za'a zo daga fure na gaba.

Yadda ake yin fure poinsettia

Don dawo da rayuwar fure da maimaita ta, ana bada shawara don kiyaye ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi don kulawa:

• pruning shuka, barin 4-5 mafi karfi harbe;
• daga ƙarshen watan Satumba, dole ne a rufe dutsen tare da filayen opaque mai laushi da aka yi da takarda ko polyethylene kuma tare da farawar duhun dare an cire shi a cikin wani wuri mai duhu na akalla awanni 12-14;
• da safe furen yakan dawo zuwa taga, kuma da isowar yamma sai kuma a ɓoye daga kowane irin hasken wuta;
• da shuka an bayar da matsakaici watering.

Bayan kimanin watanni 2 na irin wannan ajiyar ajiya, poinsettia fara "farka" da kuma girma matasa foliage. Makonni biyu baya, fure-furen fure suka bayyana kuma suna buɗe buɗe

Kusa da poinsettia, ba a ba da shawarar sanya filayen fure tare da apples, ayaba, pears da sauran 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, tun da gas ɗin da aka shuka ta hanyar su ce ethylene, mummunar tasirin ƙarfe - suna bushewa da sauri.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Poinsettia na gida yana jin daɗin yanayin zafin jiki na 20-21 ºС a lokacin rana, kuma aƙalla 16 ºС da dare. A wannan yanayin, yana da matukar muhimmanci a cire duk wata hulɗa da fure tare da sanyi - magudanun ruwa, windows gilashi mai sanyi, rafukan sanyi daga titi. Duk waɗannan abubuwan zasu iya haifar da faɗuwar ƙaƙƙarfan ɗanɗano.

A hutawa, lokacin da fure ba shi da ganyayyaki kuma ba sa kashe kuzari a kan ci gaba, ajiyar a cikin ɗakin zazzabi of 10 ºС ya isa.

Fesa

A lokacin bazara, shuka poinsettia a gida baya jure bushewar iska, saboda haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da tsawan yanayi mai ƙarfi tare da taimakon na'urorin yin ta musamman, ko ta fesa ruwa akai-akai. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da gurɓataccen ruwa mai ɗumi ko zauna.

Haske

Poinsettia itace fure mai daukar hoto mai tsananin bukatar hasken rana tare da shadda daga tsananin zafin rana. Amma don dacewar fure fure da kuma kyakkyawan furanni, ya sanya wucin gadi yana rage sa'o'in hasken rana, gaba daya yana rufe daji tsawon awanni 12-14.

Irin waɗannan bambance-bambance suna taɓar da haɓakar poinsettia - braan sandunan za su yi launi da haske a ko'ina. Idan ka manta da wannan dokar - ganye zai iya rufe shi da duhu aibobi.

Watara poinsettia

Babban mulkin poinsettia watering ne moderation. A cikin lokacin girma fure mai aiki, kasar gona tana daɗaɗɗa ne kawai idan fafuttinta na sama ya bushe zuwa zurfin kusan 1.5 cm, wato, ba sau da yawa fiye da bayan kwanaki 2-3. Shaye-shaye, da kuma yawan bushewa, suma suna lalata abubuwan shuka.

Don amfani da ban ruwa mai laushi, tsaftataccen ruwa mai ɗumi fiye da yawan zafin jiki na ɗakuna kimanin digiri 3.

Tukunyar Poinsettia

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an dasa poinsettia a cikin tukunyar kamar ma'aunin santimita biyu fiye da na baya. An zaɓi girman a cikin hanyar cewa bayan jigilar tushen ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta akwai ragowar 2-2.5 cm na voids a kusa wanda daga baya an rufe shi da ƙasa mai kyau.

Yankunan kwanduna masu zurfi da yawa zasu ba da gudummawa ga tsayiwa na danshi, kuma poinsettia yana da matukar damuwa ga ambaliya da kwararar ruwa.

Kasar

A shuka fi son dan kadan acidic na gina jiki ƙasa. An bada shawara don amfani da tsararru na musamman don euphorbiaceae. Amma mafi yawancin lokuta ana amfani da cakuda wanda ya haɗa da abubuwan da aka haɗa:

• yumbu mai kauri (3 sassa);
• ciyawar ganye (sassan 2);
• peat (1 bangare);
• m kogin yashi (1 part)

Kari akan haka, zaku iya amfani da murfin wuta, wanda zai iya canzawa, ya ƙunshi sassa 3 na humus, 2 sassan peat da 2 sassan vermiculite. Tare da kowane irin ƙasa, ana buƙatar cikakken malalewa yanki.

Taki da taki

Kulawa ga poinsettia a gida ya hada da gabatarwar yau da kullun game da samfuran ciyar. A cikin ciyawar, ciyawar takan hado ta da takaddun ma'adinan ruwa tare da yawan lokuta sau 2 a wata. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da ciyarwa na musamman don tsire-tsire madara, takin mai magani don succulents suma sun dace.

A ƙarshen fure, an shirya shuka don ɗan hutawa kuma an tsayar da ciyarwa.

Juyawa

A ƙarshen tsarin dormancy, kusan a cikin Maris-Afrilu, yana da kyawawa don dasa shuki a cikin sabon saurin abubuwan gina jiki. Ana aiwatar da juyawa tare da iyakar adana tushen coma, wanda rabin sa'a kafin a cire shi daga tukunya, an shayar da fure sosai. Idan an sami tushen lalacewa mai tushe, ana yanka su da kyau tare da kayan aiki mai lalata.

Sannan sassan an yayyafa shi da koko ko ash, kuma an sanya shuka a cikin sabon tukunya kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa sabo ba tare da haɗa kuɗi ba. Poinsettia da aka dasa don kwana biyu ya rage a cikin inuwa kuma ba tare da yin ruwa ba, don yaduwar ci gaban tushe. Bayan haka an sanya shuka a wuri mai ruwa, mai yalwataccen ruwa kuma ana ta spraying a kai a kai.

Yadda za a yanka poinsettia

Poinsettia a gida ana yinsa a shekara, ko dai nan da nan bayan anno, kafin lokacin fitowar fara, ko sati daya kafin ƙarshensa kafin dasawa. Wannan gwargwadon yana ba da girma ga harbe harbe a kaikaice kuma yana ba wa shuka cikakkiyar kallo.

. Pruning shima ya zama dole idan, yayin aikin girma, ana kara harbe harbe sosai kuma daji ya rasa tasirin ado. A wannan yanayin an yanke rassan zuwa 15 cm daga saman ƙasa. Tunda sun girma sosai da sauri, ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar sau 3 a shekara.

Lokacin hutawa

Poinsettia yana buƙatar hutawa na yau da kullun, wanda yawanci yakan faru ne nan da nan bayan fure. Lokacin da ganyayyaki da bracts na milkweed sun fara faɗi, ragowar wilted, an yanke rassan bushe daga tsire kuma sanya shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi. A kasar gona is moistened sau ɗaya a mako sosai moderately. Ofarshen lokacin hutawa na furen ya fadi a farkon Mayu.

Zai yuwu barin poinsettia ba tare da tafiya hutu ba?

Lokacin da kuke buƙatar barin shuka na dogon lokaci a gida ba tare da yiwuwar yin ruwa na yau da kullun ba - akwai hanyoyi da yawa waɗanda za ku iya kula da matakin da ake so a danshi na ƙasa:

1. An dasa shuka ba tare da pallet a cikin babban akwati cike da ruwa ba. Ta hanyar ramin magudanar ruwa, asalin fure zai ciyar da danshi lokacin da ya cancanta.
2. Mara kyau watering. Don yin wannan, igiyar kowane kayan roba da ba ta lalace ba ana wuce ta ta magudanar magudanar a cikin tukunyar filawar kuma a saukar da sauran gefen a cikin akwati da ruwa. Ana iya ciyar da fure ta wannan hanyar tsawon lokaci. Babban abu shine a zuba isasshen ruwa.
3. Amfani da tsarin ban ruwa atomatik.

Farfagandar da poinsettia by cuttings

Poinsettia an sami nasarar yada shi ta hanyar apical cuttings, wanda za'a iya yanke shi daga shuka mai fure, kafin lokacin fitowar fara, kuma a cikin sabon sake zagayowar lokacin da rassan matasa suka bayyana. Otsan buɗe ido da suka dace don yaduwa ya kamata ya zama 10 cm tsayi kuma yana da nau'i biyu na ganye.

Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, an yanke ganyen a cikin ruwa na mintuna da yawa don magudanar ruwan milkin, sannan ana bi da su tare da motsawa kuma an binne su a cikin ƙasa ba tare da cm ba 1. Idan aka dasa zurfi, haɗarin lalata karɓi ya yi yawa. Don tushen bushewa da sauri, wanda galibi yakan faru ne bayan wata daya, tsiron yana haifar da yanayin greenhouse tare da samun iska ta kullum.

Cutar da kwari

Girma poinsettia, ya kamata ku kasance da shiri don gaskiyar cewa dole ne ku fuskanci wasu matsaloli. Wadanda akafi amfani dasu sune:

• ganye poinsettia sun fadi a cikin matsanancin zafin jiki na iska;
• ganye Fade kafin fadowa sakamakon yawan wuce gona da iri;
• nKafin fadowa, ganye poinsettia juya launin rawaya da curl, wanda ke nuna yanayin zafi;
• poinsettia ganye zã tare da rashin danshi;
• inflorescences fada a kashe saboda yawan bushewar iska;
• gefuna da poinsettia ganye juya rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa, idan iska a cikin dakin ba a ƙasƙantar da kai ba, ba a zartar da spraying ba;
• bar wrinkled da bushe saboda fuskantar iskar gas, kayayyakin konewa;
• ganye an rufe shi da aibobi na azurfa tare da bayyanar cututtukan fungal;
• juzu'ai daga cikin tushen tsarin na faruwa saboda m waterlogging, tururuwar danshi a cikin ƙasa.

Daga cikin kwari don poinsettia, mafi haɗari sune whitefly, thrips, mealybug, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo.

Daban-daban na poinsettia gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Kyawawan euphorbia suna da dumbin nau'ikan matasan da ke tare da launuka iri iri. Mafi shahararren nau'in fure da aka girma a gida ana jera su a ƙasa.

Red poinsettias

• "Premium Red" - poinsettia mai launin ja mai launin fari tare da fure mai launin shuɗi da ganyen lanceolate;
• "Cortez Burgundy" - wani iri ne mai launi mai ruwan hutu na launuka;
• "Cortez Red" - an bambanta nau'ikan ta ganye tare da ganyen ja.

Poinsettias ruwan hoda

• "Cortez Pink" - launi mai laushi mai laushi na ganyayyaki, yayin da ƙananan matakan bracts ya kasance yana magana ne sama da ganyen a dabbobin;
• "Winter Rose" - nau'in nau'in terry na shuka mai inuwa mai ruwan hoda mai karen fure mai haske;
• "Premium Miro" - iri da fararen kaya da ruwan hoda "girbe" braids.

Farar fata

• "Hunturu Rose White" - yana da ƙananan kore inflorescences lullube da ganye terry masu launin-madara;
• "White Star" - na gargajiya farin bracts halaye ne na iri-iri;
• "Polar Bear" - furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da fararen ganye a cikin jijiyoyin kore.

Iri daban-daban

• "Monet Twilight" - ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi tare da tasirin foda fesa farin launi;
• "Eckespoint Primero Gingle karrarawa" - inuwa rasberi na fitsarin fure tare da farin yayyafawa;
• "Dandalin Cinnamon" wani nau'in tsire-tsire ne wanda aka goge kwanan nan tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan shuɗi, ruwan lemo-lemo na ganye.