Kusan dukkan masu lambu da masu mallakar gida sun fi son noma. A wasu wurare mafi yawan lokuta muna saduwa da currant baki (Ribes nigrum), jan (Ribes rubrum) da kuma farin currant (Ribes niveum), kuma currantan rawaya ya zama sanannun kwanan nan.
Cututtuka da ƙwayoyin jiyya
Idan kana so kawan shuki ya sa ka farin ciki da berries daga shekara zuwa shekara, to lallai ya kamata ka sani ba kawai game da manyan abubuwan da ke kula da jinya ba, amma har ma currants da kwari na currants. Gwargwadon daji yana "sakonni" game da cututtuka: ganye suna juya launin rawaya, bushe da fall, berries bushe, sakon ya fara juyawa. Kuma game da cikakkun bayanai game da maganin currants, shahararrun mutane maganin magunguna don currants, za mu tattauna a cikin wannan labarin. 
Kusan dukkan masu lambu da masu mallakar gida sun fi son noma. A shafukan yanar gizo mafi sau da yawa muna saduwa black currant (Ribes nigrum), ja (Ribes rubrum) da kuma farin currant (Ribes aveum), currant yellow yana samun shahararren kwanan nan. Idan kana so kawan shuki ya sa ka farin ciki da berries daga shekara zuwa shekara, to lallai ya kamata ka sani ba kawai game da manyan abubuwan da ke kula da jinya ba, amma har ma currants da kwari na currants. Gwargwadon daji yana "sakonni" game da cututtuka: ganye suna juya launin rawaya, bushe da fall, berries bushe, sakon ya fara juyawa. Kuma game da cikakkun bayanai game da maganin currants, shahararrun mutane maganin magunguna don currants, za mu tattauna a cikin wannan labarin.
Anthracnose (tashi maciji)
Wataƙila kowace lambu ta lura cewa a tsakiyar lokacin rani (mafi yawan lokuta a cikin Yuli), bayan ruwan sama sosai, red spots tare da tinge launin ruwan ya fara bayyana a jikin ganye. A tsawon lokaci, waɗannan spots "yada" a kan dukkanin sassan. Yawancin lokaci wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa leaf a gefuna yana fara bushewa da kuma daukan launi na wurin da kansa, saboda ƙuƙwalwa a ƙasa yana kama dabbobin ganyayyaki.
Anthracnose wata cuta ce mai kyau, kuma idan ya zubar da katako, to sai ku girbi amfanin gona mai yawa, kuma idan ba ku fara maganin currants ba, injin zai mutu cikin shekaru 4. Wannan rashin lafiya ne, saboda a cikin hunturu maciji na kwari-baya "zama" a cikin layin da ya fado daga daji.
Yana da muhimmanci!Kwayar ba za ta yi rashin lafiya ba idan ka tsaftace ganye na baya don hunturu kuma yayyafa ƙasa mai bushe a ƙasa a karkashin daji.Babban abu a cikin yaki da anthracnose shi ne ya hana wani annoba a tsakanin sauran bushes. Saboda haka, idan ka riga ka lura da wannan yanayin a kan bishiyoyinka, to ya fi kyau kada ka dakatar da shi don halakarwa, kuma don rigakafin tsire-tsire masu lafiya, amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux cikin kashi 100 g na bayani zuwa lita 10 na ruwa. Idan magungunan mutane a yaki da cututtuka da kwari na currants a gare ku ba za'a iya yarda ba, to, zaku iya amfani da miyagun kwayoyi "Phytodoctor" (amfani da umarnin).
Amurka powdery mildew (sphere library)
Gidan ɗakin karatu yana da naman gwari wanda ya bayyana a tsakiyar lokacin rani a kan ƙananan matasan currant. Yana nuna kanta a cikin nau'i mai laushi, mai sauƙi wanda zai iya sauyawa, wanda ya fara zama a cikin wani launi mai tsabta a kan currant - lokaci yana shafar tsoffin ganye, har ma da girbi. Akwai wani irin powdery mildew - Turai powdery mildew, wanda yana da guda bayyanar cututtuka da kuma hanyoyin da gwagwarmaya. A yaki da wannan cuta ne mafi kyau aikata a farkon spring, har sai da toho karya. Hanyar mafi kyau ita ce don fesa da bushes tare da bayani na ferrous sulfate (10 g da lita 30 na ruwa).
Ya kamata a dauki wannan spraying nan da nan bayan flowering, sa'an nan kuma maimaita sau 2-3 tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 10. Har ila yau hanya mai mahimmanci ta yin aiki da ɗakin ɗakin karatu na sararin samaniya yana shayar da jima'i humus zuwa wani daji. don shirye-shiryensa, dole ne a zubar da ruwa "steamed" da ruwa a cikin rabo daga kashi 1 na humus zuwa kashi 2 na ruwa, bar 2 days, damuwa da kuma fesa shuka tare da wannan bayani. Idan daji ya riga ya sami mafaka mai ban tsoro, dole ne a lalata.
Shin kuna sani? Red currant yana da sauƙin saukin "kwarewa" cutar ta Amurka mai fatar foda fiye da currant currant.
Gust gust
Warts na launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa ne tsatsa na gilashi. Wannan cuta tana shafar dukkan "sassan" daji: daga ovary zuwa gangar jikin. Idan sedge ke tsiro a kusa da shafinka, wannan shi ne na farko da kuma babban dalilin cututtuka na currant. Wannan cuta zai iya haifar da asarar amfanin gona da bushewa na rassan currant. A yaki da wannan cuta yana zalunta da bushes tare da phytosporin, idan wannan ba ya taimaka, zaka iya amfani da Bordeaux acid. Irin wannan matakan tsaro ya kamata a yi sau 4 tare da tsawon lokaci na kwanaki 10.
Terry (reversion)
Gyara yana rinjayar kowane nau'in currant, ba tare da togiya ba, saboda wakili na wannan shuka yana boye cikin juices. Yana nuna kansa da yawa a cikin launi na violet: da petals zama m da kunkuntar, 'ya'yan itatuwa ba a daura. Idan an riga an shuka shuka, to, hoton rassan ko ganye ba zai taimaka ba. A nan muna maganar kawai game da lalata dukan daji. Don hana wannan cututtukan, dole ne a ci gaba da ƙara potassium, phosphorus zuwa ƙasa, kuma zaka iya shayar da shuka tare da maganin manganese da boron.
Yana da muhimmanci! Nisrogen fertilizers kawai taimakawa wajen ci gaba da wannan cuta.
Nektrievaya bushewa harbe da currant rassan
Wannan cututtuka yana daya daga cikin "mai tsanani" don currants, wanda ke rinjayar yawancin currants ja da fari kuma yana kaiwa ga jimlar bushewa na rassan currant. Alamar ta farko ita ce bayyanar launin ƙananan launin ruwan kasa a jikin ginshiki. Don yin rigakafin wannan cuta, dole ne mu bi ka'idojin agrotechnology, kuma idan ya riga ya ci gaba a kan daji, to, an yanke rassan da aka shafa da kuma kone su, kuma ya kamata a zubar da raunuka tare da farar lambu.
Mosaic (streaky) mosaic
Kullum aiki na currants daga kwari da cututtuka ba zai taimaka wajen rigakafi na cututtukan cututtukan bidiyo ba - ba zazzage (streaky) mosaic ba. Yawancin lokaci cutar ta shafe bishiyoyi a farkon lokacin rani. Babban kuma kawai alama: a kan ganye, a kusa da manyan veins akwai bayyana samfurin yellow, wanda tare da lokacin ci gaba ya zama haske. A wannan yanayin, ba wajibi ne a yi magana game da lura da currants ba, hanya guda kawai ita ce ta soke daji kuma ta ƙone shi. Amma, ana iya aiwatar da hanyoyi masu guba: don aiwatar da daji daga kwari a dacewa da juna, da kuma amfani da kayan aikin lafiya don dasawa.
Gishiri mai laushi
Rawan gyada - wata cuta ta jiki, saboda abin da ganye ya zama launin launin ruwan kasa a launi, kuma itace na iya shafan fari.
Shin kuna sani?Tsire grey yana rinjayar kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire.
Idan dajiyarka ya shafi, zai haifar da "mutu" na ganye, da deterioration na ingancin berries da kuma mutuwar mutuwa na dukan shuka. Hanyar hanyar yaki da cutar ita ce tattara da kuma halakar da wuraren da aka shafa, kuma zaku iya bi da shuka tare da masu fuka-fuka, amma za'a iya yin hakan ne kawai kafin a samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Zai fi dacewa don gudanar da aiki a lokacin flowering.
Columnar tsatsa
Kwanya tsatsa ya bayyana a lokacin rani. Warm kuma ma rigar weather - wannan shi ne babban causative wakili na cutar, wanda massively rinjayar currant bushes. Don kare jikinku daga wannan cuta, akwai buƙatar ku auku a kai a kai, ku sarrafa bishiyoyi tare da 1% Bordeaux. Zai fi dacewa don aiwatar da wannan aiki a cikin matakai uku: a lokacin da yake yin furanni, lokacin da ake farawa da kuma bayan launi ya fadi. Yana da mahimmanci don sassauta ƙasa a lokaci, amma ba zurfi ba (kimanin 3-5 cm). Amma babban hanya ita ce zaɓin wuri mai kyau don dasa shuki: rukuni na rukuni yana tasowa akan bishiyoyi kusa da itatuwan coniferous, don haka dasa shuki mai kyau daga gare su.
Septoria (wutan fari) a kan currants
Wannan cututtuka ta haifar da wani naman gwari wanda ke zaune a kan ganye. A kan ƙananan ganye, launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana, tare da ci gaba wanda wani dotin farin ya bayyana a tsakiya na speck, wanda ya girma kuma lokacin da wuri mai haske ya kasance a cikin ja. A cikin yankunan da ke fama da cututtukan da aka yi da nitrafenom, kuma idan lalacewar ta da karfi, to, ya kamata ka yi amfani da wani bayani na jan karfe sulfate. Amma a yaki da wannan cuta, yana da muhimmanci kada a bi da currants, amma lokacin da za a yi shi, kuma yafi kyau a yi shi a farkon spring kafin a samu buds.
Yana da muhimmanci!Mafi yawan weeds suna taimakawa wajen bunkasa cututtuka.
Bushe harbe da kuma rassan currant
Kowane mutum ya sani cewa ɓangaren itace na currant yana da matukar roba, amma alamar cutar wannan cututtuka shi ne asarar rassan bishiya da kuma bayyanar fashe a jikin katako da rassan. A cikin wadannan hanyoyi naman gwari yana tasowa, waxanda zasu taimaka wajen yaduwar cutar. Hanyoyin da za a magance bushewa suna da sauƙi: bin ka'idojin agrotechnology da aiki na sassa tare da ruwa Bordeaux (100 g da 10 na ruwa).
Kariya daga cututtuka
Shawarar farko da ta fi dacewa wajen magance cututtuka da kwari na currants - biyan ka'idodin aikin injiniya, watau ƙaddamar da ƙasa da kuma tono a cikin bishiyoyi. Mutane da yawa, ba shakka, suna alfaharin lambu, amma ba za ka yarda ma lokacin girbi ba, don haka kana buƙatar ka yanke rassan bishiyoyi akai-akai.
Gwajin gwaji: Yadda za a Yayyana
Tsarin currants daga kwari a spring yana kunshe da matakan m. Amma idan lambunka ya rigaya ya shafi kwari, to, kada kayi hanzari don yin amfani da sinadarai, don suna iya cutar da shuka. Don fara, zaka iya gwada mutane magunguna, irin su decoctions, infusions da spraying. Za mu yi karin bayani game da tasiri da amfani da nuances.
Moth mai shekaru biyu
Wutsiyar takarda ta buga buds da berries na daji. Wutsiyar takarda tana kama da katako da girman har zuwa 22 mm. Bugu da ƙari, dalilin yuwuwar su na iya haɗawa da ganye da suka fadi, inda suke sabo. Kullun ya juya zuwa cikin malam buɗe ido a tsakiyar watan Mayu daga qwai da aka sa a kan buds da kwayar cutar. Caterpillars ci buds daga ciki. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan kullun zai iya cin 'ya'yan itace 30 a mako. Butterflies tashi cikin kwanaki 50. Don haifuwa, butterflies sa qwai a kan riga sun kafa berries. Kuna iya yaki da asu mai shekaru biyu ta hanyar yaduwan bishiyoyi da kwari: Antio, Gardona, Zolon.
Willow shchitovka
Mataye da maza na sikelin sun bambanta: mace an shayar da shi, mai siffar pear, an rufe ta da launin toka-launin fata. Maza yana da nau'i mai launi, tare da raguna biyu, guda biyu na fuka-fuki, da antennae. Matar ta sanya launin m-ja a cikin haushi na rassan daji. Tsayar da kuma farkawa daga cikin larvae daukan tsawon tsawon lokaci daga currant budding zuwa ƙarshen zamani flowering. Yawancin lokaci Willow shchitovka yana zaune cikin ƙananan da ba a kula da su. Hanyar magance wannan kwaro ne kawai: yankan lalacewar da aka lalata da kuma lalata su. Don rigakafi, zaka iya sarrafa bishiyoyin gine-gine a farkon spring, a zazzabi ba fiye da digiri 4 ba.
Goozberi firing firgita fil
Gishiri mai ƙanshi shine malam buɗe ido, wanda fuka-fukinsa ya kai 3 cm, yayin da jikin kanta ke tsiro har zuwa 2 cm kawai. Kullun yana haske a launi, kuma malam buɗe ido yana da fuka-fuki da launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan kasa. Qwai da mace ta shimfiɗa a cikin lakaran sama, a cikin cocoons na cobwebs. Lokacin da butterflies ya bayyana (tsakiyar watan Afrilu), suna sa qwai a cikin launi na daji da kuma a cikin buds. A yaki da ogniyevka a kan currants kunshi a tsaftace tsaftacewa na cobwebs daga bushes, kuma bayan flowering yana da shawara don fesa daji tare da kwari. Da kyau a cikin yaki da ognevku hilling ƙasa ciyawa (Layer game da 8 cm).
Shin kuna sani?Bayan flowering, daji ya kamata a bude zuwa iska da inganta ingancin berries.
Goozberi sawfly
Sakamakon wannan magani shine datti mai laushi kuma yawanci ana yin hibernate a cikin cocoons na cobwebs a cikin ƙasa a zurfin 12-15 cm Daya mace na iya ajiye har zuwa qwai 150 a kowace mako. Wadannan kwari suna ci gaba da sauri, kuma a lokacin rani, ɗayan biyu ko uku na iya zama a kan shafin ka.
Hanyoyi na yaki da ganyayyaki suna da kusan rarrabuwa daga yaki da sauran kwari, kawai bambanci shi ne cewa an yi amfani da spraying a cikin matakai biyu: a kan ƙarni na farko - daga lokacin budurwa da kuma kafin budding, da kuma mataki na biyu - nan da nan bayan flowering. Idan, bayan da kuka girbe amfanin gona, kwari ya sake dawowa, to ana iya sake yaduwar kwakwalwa. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don magance launi shine ta girgiza larvae da hannu.
Goozberi Shoot Aphid
Abhids suna zaune a cikin mazauna: hunturu na hunturu a cikin haushi mai harbi, kuma a cikin idon ruwa mace tana "shimfiɗa" 'ya'yanta cikin kogin. Harkokin mamaye na aphid din yana sa kananan ganye su bushe kuma, sakamakon haka, mutu. Don magance kwaro, zaka iya amfani da maganin sabulu: 300 g da lita 10 na ruwa. Don halakar kwari ne ma tasirin kudi daga anthracnose. Cibiyoyin bincike suna da tasiri, amma ba za a iya fesa su da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba.
Ganye Ganyeberi
Moths asuciyoyi suna cin ganye: da farko sun kaddamar da ƙananan ramuka, sa'an nan, tare da su, "kunsa" a cikin kararrawa da kuma fada a kasa domin hunturu. Matar ta haɗu da ƙwai a cikin rani a cikin ciki. Mataye suna da yawa - fuka-fukinsu na iya zama 5 cm. Hanyoyi don yaki da asu mai tsummoki iri ɗaya ne na sauran kwari: kwari tare da kwari, girgiza larvae ta hannu, shinge ƙasa.
Takardar gall aphid
Wannan kwari yana da wani suna - da "ja-haly" aphid. Yawancin lokaci sukan shawo kan haushi, a kusa da buds. A lokacin rani, lokacin da ci gaban ƙwayoyin sauti suka ragu, sai suka tafi zuwa tsire-tsire masu girma a kusa da su, kuma ta hanyar kaka suna tafiya zuwa wani daji. Mata suna bayyana a lokacin rani kuma suna yada zuriyarsu. Yawancin lokaci suna rayuwa a ciki na ganye, suna cin shi. Red-red swellings - galls suna bayyana a kan lalacewar launi. Soap bayani, kwari (magani a farkon spring), entomophages ne tasiri wajen magance wadannan kwari.
Shin kuna sani?Entomophagous - microorganisms cewa parasitize kwari.
Gizo-gizo mite
Wannan ƙananan tsire-tsire yana cike da ganyen daji, yana sanya su "marmara", bayan haka sun bushe kuma su fada. Wadannan larvae suna rayuwa a cikin gefen leaf, kuma ana amfani da hunturu a fadin ganye. Ta hanyar rushe ganye, mites ya rage girman yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin 'ya'yan itace. Yawanci sau da yawa gizo-gizo gizo-gizo mite ya bayyana a kan weeds, sa'an nan kuma "motsa" zuwa daji. Dole ne kuyi yaki da takaddunku kafin mace ta hayar da ƙwai: zubar da wani abu daga cikin acaricides zai zama hanya mai tasiri.
Yana da muhimmanci! Da ake bukatamagungunan magungunan, kamar yadda cuts ke haifar da rigakafi, kuma sakamakon da ba zai wuce ba.
Hanyar kyakkyawan hanyar mutane shine ruwa da ruwa mai ban sha'awa tare da ruwan zafi tare da karawa na potassium permanganate (ruwan ya zama ruwan hoda).
Koda tawadar Allah
Wannan pest winters a baya baya currant haushi. Kuna iya gane bambancin ƙwayar maraƙin - yana da jan, kuma tsohuwar ita ce zaitun-kore. Gwaran yaran yana ciyarwa akan buds da berries, kuma yana lalata harbe a cikin hunturu. Qwai suna dage farawa a cikin koren berries, daga inda aka cinye bishiyoyi, hana dan Berry daga kai. Hanyoyin gwagwarmaya kamar haka: yankan lalacewa da kuma harbe a cikin kaka, magani tare da Malophos (10%) ba fiye da sau biyu a kowace kakar ba. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci wajen saka idanu da yawan amfanin gona, kuma, idan ya cancanta, tsabtace shafin saukowa.
Ƙunƙwasa gandun daji na Currant
Akwai nau'i-nau'i guda uku na gall waɗanda za su iya kai hari ga currants: harbe, furanni da ganye. Ka'idar aikin tana da kama da gaske, ko da yake sun bayyana a lokuta daban-daban: harbe - a lokacin flowering flowering currants, leaf - a farkon flowering, da kuma furanni - a lokacin da aka samu buds. Suna kuma sa qwai a hanyoyi daban-daban: leaf - a kan kananan ganye, ba tare da bari su kwashe; flower - in buds, wanda ƙarshe juya rawaya ko redden kuma kada ku fada ba tare da blossoming; harbe - a kan kasa na harbe, wanda an riga an rufe su da katako. Don magance matsalolin gallu, kuna buƙatar yanke lalacewa da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire a yayin da aka samu buds.
Currant Zlatka
Currant Zlatka - Yana da ƙwayar gurasa mai launin kore-da-fata, karami a cikin girman. Yawanci yawanci a harbe. A larvae hatch a cikin marigayi May - farkon Yuni. Larvae sa "tunnels" a cikin tsakiyar shoot. Rassan da suka lalata zinariyar sun bushe kuma suka mutu, kuma girma a kan sauran su ne kadan. Suna yakin zinari tare da lalacewar lalacewa da kuma konewa. A farkon lokacin bazara, zaka iya feshi da bishiyoyi na Parisian (15 g da lita 10 na ruwa, kuma don sakamako mai kyau, zaka iya ƙara 30 g na lemun tsami).
Currant Koda Mite
Смородинный почковой клещ - самое опасное насекомое-вредитель для смородины, потому что он поражает почки, питается ими же и, что хуже всего, зимует в них. A lokacin rani, yawancin tsararrun mites na iya bayyana a gonar, saboda wasu tsire-tsire masu yawan iska ne. Mafi hanya da ake rubutu tare da kaska na koda yana dacewa da lalacewar lalacewa da tsire-tsire gaba daya. Don hana cuts, zaku iya dasa albasa ko tafarnuwa tsakanin bushes - ticks ba sa son ƙananan ƙanshi. Yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da kayan aikin lafiya don dasa shuki, don cikakken tabbacin ku iya ajiye seedlings a ruwan zafi don minti 15-20.
Gilashin gilashin currant
Mata masu gilashi suna sa qwai a cikin lalacewar rassan da rassan. Kwayoyin katako suna iya rami har zuwa 40 cm Caterpillars suna ciyar da yanayi biyu a cikin haushi, sannu-sannu suna "yin hanya" zuwa fita. Gilashin kanta kanta ya bayyana bayan flowering. Lurafi shine mai laushi, launi-baki a launi tare da ratsi mai zurfi akan ciki. Yin gwagwarmaya tare da gilashin gilashi a kan currants abu ne mai rikitarwa. Ya kunshi da farko a cikin tsararrun bishiyoyi, shayarwa tare da kwari, dubawa na yau da kullum na gandun daji da lubrication daga sassa tare da disinfectant.
Gudanar da Kwayoyin Kwaro
Rigakafin kwari ya fara kafin hunturu: spraying shrubs a cikin fall, tsaftacewa auku ganye - duk wannan zai taimaka maka kare ka bushes daga cututtuka da kuma karin kwari currants. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci a rigakafi shine zaɓi na musamman na sunadarai: yana da muhimmanci cewa basu da nitrogen a cikin abun da suke ciki. Bugu da ƙari, yana da muhimmanci don sassauta da kuma kwantar da ƙasa a lokaci, wanda zai halakar da kwari da suke zaune a cikin shimfidar ƙasa na ƙasa. Hakika, kowane mafarki na lambu na lambun lambu mai yawa da mai yawa na Berry bushes, amma kar ka manta da cewa tsire-tsire-tsire ba zai cutar da tsire-tsire ba. Rayuwar rayuwar bishiyoyinka ta dogara ne akan yadda kake kulawa da su, saboda komai yana girma da tasowa , idan kun sanya ƙaunarku a ciki.
