Tashin bishiyoyi na farko a Siberia sun fara girma 150 da suka wuce.
Ko da yake kafin wannan akwai itatuwan apple, misali, lambun da Kiristoci na Decembrists suka dasa a Yalutorovsk.
Amma a cikin tsari na irin wannan shuka bai kasance ba, sabili da haka, bayan da yawancin lalacewar da aka samu, wanda aka gudanar da yawancin 'yan wasa, aikin kimiyya ya fara ne a kan noma iri iri.
A tsawon shekaru, ya halicci nau'o'in da yawa zoned don Siberia da kuma ci gaba da bunƙasa a ko'ina cikin ƙasar.
Wadannan iri sun haɗa da apple Yarinyar Pepinchik.
Ta, kamar dwarfs da rabi-dwarfs, ta fara bada 'ya'ya a shekara ta huɗu bayan saukarwa.
Wane irin ne?
Winter apples, lokacin da za a ci shine Satumba; Ana adana 'ya'yan itatuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ya dace har zuwa farkon Maris.
Don ajiya, ana amfani da kwantena na katako (kwalaye, ganga) ko shaguna (kwanduna, kwalaye); an adana su a yanayin zafi mai kyau a cikin ɗaki ko cellar, rabu da sauran 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Jirgin ya kamata ba ya bushe, amma haɗari na laima zai iya sa mold.
Saurin hunturu sun hada da: Idared, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Wintergushka da Antey.
Ruwan jini
Wannan itacen bishiya ya fi kyau shuka a kusa da iri irin su Zhivinka, Alyonushka, Hasken haske, budurwa, Matasa.
Suna gurbata shi. Tare da yanki na gaskiya, amfanin gona ya kara ƙaruwa.
Daukar Pepinchika
Half-dwarfs su ne kananan bishiyoyi, daga abin da yake dacewa don tattara apples waɗanda za a iya dasa su da yawa kusa da juna, kusan a nesa da mita 2.
Wannan wata rabi-dwarf tare da matsakaici-lokacin farin ciki kambi., zagaye da kuma matsakaici sized ganye. Fure masu furanni. Young harbe Arc-dimbin yawa.
Ƙananan apple yana yin la'akari daga 15 zuwa 20 grams, kewaye.
Tare da halayyar "ƙugiya" a gefe.
Gyara, tubali-ja, tare da ja veins.
Cikin jiki mai laushi shine mai tsami, m, mai dadi, tare da bishiyan bayanji.
Babban dandano na apples kuma ya bambanta iri: Orlovsky majalisa, Orlinka, Ekranny, Big Folk da Aromatny.
Tarihin kiwo
An adana iri-iri a wani tashar gwajin gwaji a kusa da Krasnoyarsk.
Don samun nau'o'in, Polynyarsky Pepinchik an gurbata shi tare da cakuda nau'in pollen. Budurwa, Tungus, Rawwalwar ruwan rawaya, Hasken haske.
Saboda haka sunan iri-iri - Yarinyar Pepinchik.
Hotuna
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Baya ga yankin na Krasnoyarsk (an haɗa shi a cikin rijistar iri-iri na yankin Gabas-Siberia), wannan irin itatuwan apple ya ci gaba a yalwace Siberia, Urals da North-West na Turai na Rashasaboda tsananin sanyi, zai iya girma a kowane yanki na arewa, da kuma yankunan kudancin.
A cikin wadannan yankuna, ana samun cifan apple iri-iri: Altynai, Gorno-Altai, Gornist, Altai Crimson da kuma A Memory of a Warrior.
Yawo
Daga ɗayan itace iya cire har zuwa kilo 100 na apples. Shigar da lokaci na 'ya'yan itace a cikin shekara ta huɗu.
Dasa da kulawa
Domin itacen apple ya yi girma da kyau kuma ya samu 'ya'ya, dole ne a shuka shi da kyau.
A al'ada muna da itatuwan apple a Rasha sau da yawa dasa a cikin bazara.
Wannan shine lokaci mafi dacewa ga sa Daughter Pepinchik.
Amma wani lokacin zarafi don saya da ake so iri-iri ya bayyana kawai a cikin fall.
A wannan yanayin, ya kamata kayi kokarin dasa itacen apple a farkon lokacin yiwuwa, akalla ba ƙarshe daga karshen watan Satumba, kamar haka ba wata daya kafin sanyi.
Babban haɗari ga irin itatuwan bishiyoyi na kusa da ƙasa, don haka ana dasa su a wuri mai kyau, kuma idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to kusa kusa da raƙuman ruwa, inda aka raba ruwa irin wannan.
Ga matasa bishiyoyi apple, kusanci kusa da amfanin gona na lambu yana da amfani, saboda aiki tare da kayan lambu: weeding, loosening, mulching, aikace-aikace na Organic da ma'adinai da takin mai magani, watering ─ amfani da itatuwan apple.
Saboda haka, a farkon shekaru bayan dasa shuki tsakanin itatuwan apple Dole ne a shirya kayan gado don kayan lambu da furanni.
Gwada murabba'i rami har zuwa 60 cm zurfiIdan za ta yiwu, ya fi kyau yin haka a mako guda kafin dasa shuki itacen apple, takin, peat, humus an bar a kasa na rami kuma ya bar ya kwanta.
Lokacin da dasa shuki, ana shuka itacen apple don kada a binne gilashin magungunan, yana tashi kimanin santimita biyar a ƙasa.
Bayan dasa shuki itacen bishiya ana shayar da shi, yana zubo game da itace daya buckets biyar na ruwa.
Idan an dasa shuki a lokacin rani, to, ana ci gaba da yin amfani da ita a watan Agusta; game da sau ɗaya kowace mako uku.
A cikin idon ruwa, ana buƙatar pruning, yana daidaita girbi domin itacen bishiya ba ya karya.
Don wannan cire tsohuwar rassan rassan, rage kananan yara, don haka itacen bishiya zai kawar da yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
An samo asali saman miya tare da urea, da tushe, da kuma spraying.
A karkashin itacen kana buƙatar shuka shuka-kore taki, kuma a cikin kaka don haƙa ƙasa tare da waɗannan ganyayyaki, za su ci gaba da zama kamar taki don itacen apple.
A lokacin rani, itacen ruwan apple yana shayar sau da yawa, sau da yawa a cikin shekaru bushe, kusan sau biyu a mako.
A cikin dwarf da bishiyoyi apple-dwarf, tushen tsarin yana kusa da farfajiyar, don haka a cikin fall ya kamata a rufe shi don hunturu.
Cututtuka da kwari
Wannan iri-iri resistant zuwa kwariSaboda haka, wannan yafi game da rigakafi.
Ya kunshi maganin jiyya. Itacen itace ya fesa a lokacin blooming na kodan Bordeaux 3% ruwa da kuma 4% urea.
Kuna iya amfani da kayan kare kayan shuka na zamani, amma wannan hanyar rigakafi ya fi dacewa da yanayin muhalli.
Kayan itatuwan Apple suna barazanar barazanar su kamar 'ya'yan itace, hawthorn, silkworms, moths da moths. Yadda za a magance su, karanta kowane labarin shafinmu.
Dauda Dauda Dauda Pipinchika, yana da kyakkyawan dandano kuma yana dacewa da ajiya da sarrafawa don matsawa, jam, don bushewa.
Dubi bidiyon game da ciyar da rigakafin kulawar apple.
