Goma

Na da manyan-fruited apple iri-iri Aport jini ja

Apple Aport jini ja daya daga cikin tsofaffi da sanannun iri.

Yana da kyau sosai, yana da sauƙin kula da shi, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa sun bambanta arziki mai dandano da girma.

Duk da haka, wannan nau'in yana da nasarorin da ba za a iya saka shi ba.

Wane irin ne?

Kayan Apple Aport jini-ja ne kaka iri-iri.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ripen da ƙarshen Satumba da farkon Oktoba.

Tree yana da matsakaici sanyi juriya.

Zubar da jini ja yana nufin da kansa ya gurɓata 'ya'yan itace. Kasancewa da wasu nau'o'in shi ba mahimmanci bane.

By kaka apple iri sun hada da: Borovinka, Volzhanka, Jonathan, kayan zaki Petrova, Long (Kitaika) Zhigulevskoe, Imrus, Calvillo snow, Carpeted, Cinnamon New, Kutuzovets, Junior halittu, ɗauka cewa, Sweet, Prima, Gift lambu, Pepin Saffron, kada ɗanɗanonta ya gushe , Rock, Sunny, Welsey, Fitilar, Ural Bulk, Allon.

Bayani na launin jawo jan jini

Apple iri Aport jini-ja yana da tsarin daidaitaccen tsayi mai tsayi bishiyoyi. Yi la'akari da bayyanar da halaye na itace da 'ya'yan itace a cikin daki-daki.

Girma mai girma, tsayi mai tsayi, tsayinsa a matsakaicin mita 6, diamita na kambi ya kai 7 m. Krone m, zagaye, yada. Itacen yana da matsakaiciyar harsashi, rassan "skeletal", ba ƙaryar ba ne.

Aport jini ja yana da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa, nauyin apple daya shine 240-260 g, tare da kulawa da kulawa da yanayin hawan sanyi wasu samfurori isa 900 g

Da siffar 'ya'yan itacen ne dan kadan ribbed, shirokokonicheskaya.

Ya mallaki har ma da launin jini-ja da za a iya gani akan launin fata na fata mai launin fata.

Launi na ɓangaren litattafan almara ya bambanta daga farar fata zuwa cream, tsarin shine matsakaici-grained, ɓangaren litattafan almara kanta yana da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.

Gwanon 'ya'yan itace mai dadi da m, m tare da ambato na kayan yaji.

Hotuna







Tarihin kiwo

Aport an dauke daya daga cikin sanannun irin apples. A karo na farko da aka sanar da sunansa a rubuce-rubuce a kwanan baya Shekara 1175 daya daga cikin abubuwan da ake kira monasteries.

BABI NA: Wasu suna jayayya cewa yana cikin 1175 cewa iri-iri sun sami sunan "Aport" ko "Oport", tun lokacin da aka kawo shi zuwa Birnin Poland daga Port of Ottoman Empire.

A {asar Poland, irin wa] annan nau'o'in sun samu nasara, sun kuma yada zuwa yankin Ukraine, sa'an nan - zuwa Rasha. Tuni a shekara ta 1779 Mawaki Bolotov da ake kira Aport daya daga cikin tsofaffi da tabbatar da iri.

A cikin karni na 19 Aport ya kawo Yammacin Turai, a cikin wannan karni jinsin ya zama fadada Canada da kuma Amurka.

Ƙasa da rarraba yankin

Asalin asalin Aport ba'a san shi ba kuma yana haifar da rigingimu, amma mafi yawan lambu da masu kare dabbobi sunyi tunanin cewa yanayin da ya fi dacewa don ci gaba da kuma 'ya'yan itace wannan itace yana cikin yankunan dutse da kuma a tsakiyar yankuna.

Mafi mahimmanci Aport jini ja ya zama a cikin Alma-Ata yankin, akwai wurin cewa 'ya'yan itãcen itatuwa sun kai mafi girman girman su, kuma yawan kilogram na girbi a kowace kakar sun wuce daidaitattun girbi a wasu wurare.

Abin takaici, itacen yana da juriya mai sanyi, ba ya jure wa sanyi. A wuraren da a cikin hunturu, ginshiƙan digiri na ƙasa a kasa -25, akwai damar cewa itacen bishiya ba zai yarda da sanyi ba, ko kuma zai ba da kadan girbi.

Mafi dacewa da kiwo da kuma kiyaye nau'ikan apple Aikace-aikacen ja-ja-ja ne yankuna: duk yankuna Ukraine, tsakaren tsakiya na Rasha, yankunan dutse da yanayin yanayi.

Domin dasa a ce yankin dace iri Papirovka, Grushovka Winter, Golden Delicious, Antonivka kayan zaki, Idared, Agusta, idin, Bellefleur Kitaika, Lobo Yandykovskoe, Anniversary Moscow, Fuji Memory Ulyanischeva, rennet Symyrenko, Cliff, Lada, Summer striatum , Korobovka, Korey, Kvinti, Calvil Snow, Bryansk, Bolotovskoe.

Yawo

Na farko amfanin girbi Apple itace Aport jini ja bada a cikin shekaru 10-15.

Muhimmiyar: tare da kulawa mai kyau, fruiting ya ci gaba har zuwa shekaru 40

Girbin Apple Tsarin jini yakan kawo rabin rabin watan Satumba. Aport yana da ya bayyana rawanin 'ya'yan itace, yana da shekaru hudu.

Wannan sabon abu ne saboda gaskiyar itacen itace an yanke 'ya'yan itace. Wani itace yana tsayawa a shekara, wani lokaci ba tare da samun 'ya'ya ba.

A cikin shekara ta biyu, itacen apple yana kawo karamin amfanin gona - 20-40 inji mai kwakwalwa. apples (dangane da girman da shekarun itacen).

A cikin shekara ta uku, sakamakon yawan amfanin ƙasa ya riga ya fi dacewa, yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa sun fi dacewa - kimanin kilo 60.

A shekara ta huɗu, itacen apple ya sake bada 'ya'yan itatuwa mai yawa, nauyin amfanin gona na wannan lokacin ya kai 180 kg. Sa'an nan kuma sake zagayowar sake sake.

Apples of Aport jini-ja iri-iri suna shawarar da za a adana a cikin ginshiki ko cellar.

Muhimmiyar: An haramta hana 'ya'yan su a cikin dakin da dankali.

Idan ka adana apples a kan baranda ko loggias, a cikin kari zuwa gidan ko a cikin garages, dole ne ka buƙaɗa dumi da kwalaye idan yanayin sanyi ya yi yawa sanyi.

Dasa da kulawa

Kula da hankali game da ci gaban itacen ya zama dole a farkon shekarun rayuwa da kuma lokacin 'ya'yan itace.

Lokacin da kake sayen kayan mai amfani, dole ne a bincika tsarin tushen.

Muhimmiyar: Wadannan samfurori wanda wuyan wuyansa ba a bayyane ba ne ko kuma abin da sashin jikin ya kasance mai tsanani ba ya dace da fitarwa kuma zai iya mutu kafin girbin farko.

Biennial seedlings (shi ne a wannan zamani cewa apple itatuwa sukan sayar a cikin nurseries da kuma a cikin kasuwanni) ya kamata a taqaitaccen zuwa 80 cm idan Tushen ya fi guntu 40 cm, bishiyoyi sun kaddamar da ƙananan.

Anyi wannan ne don kauce wa lalacewa daga wani itace mai girma saboda ci gaban ganye a kan kambi.

Lokacin sayen, asalin suna lalacewa kuma baza su iya ciyar da babban kambi ba.

Tip: Don inganta rooting, yi amfani da mafita na musamman (Kornevin, heteroauxin)

Matsayin da matasa zasu yi girma, ya kamata a yi kyau malalewa. An sanya itace a rami na musamman domin dasa.

Muhimmiyar: A cikin rami dole ne a haɗa tare da mai magana game da abin da tushen zai tsoma.

Bayan haka, baya da ƙasa. Ana sanya shi a hankali, Layer ta Layer. Kowace matakan don karamin ya kamata a tsaftace shi.

Admixture na takin gargajiya bazai tsoma baki ba, zai kara yawan amfanin gona. Bayan duk magudi, an ƙarfafa itacen tare da tsaka mai tsayi.

Ka tuna: Saplings wanda shekaru ya wuce shekaru biyu, ba za ka iya fada barci barci ba. Lokacin da aka cika, naman gwari zai iya bunkasa saboda kyawawan haushi.

Dalili ya kamata a ba da shawara don shayar da Aport.

Apple itace na wannan iri-iri Dole ne ya kasance mai yawan gaske kuma a kai a kai.

Idan itacen baya samun isasshen ruwa, baza ku cimma girbi mai kyau ba.

Maimakon manyan 'ya'yan itace masu kyau, za ku sami kananan' ya'yan itatuwa wanda bazai yiwu ba su wuce girman girman "daji". Haka ne, kuma ku ɗanɗani kaddarorin zasu rasa.

A lokacin lokacin hutawa daga girbi, itacen apple ba ya buƙatar yawancin watering.

Idan a cikin shekarun nan ka ci gaba da bada itace mai yawa, zai lalata albarkatun da basu karbi girman da yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa ba, amma akan aikin lambu.

Yankin inda apple ke tsiro Aport, Ana bada shawara don dasa shukin kaya ko turf don adana layin. Wannan yana da mahimmanci a cikin lokacin 'ya'yan itace. A shekara mai zuwa, bayan dasa, farawar kambin farawa.

Muhimmiyar: rage ragamar ƙananan rassan, tsire-tsire waɗanda ke shiga cikin kambi ko kuma motsi daga gare ta a kusurwoyi.

Shekaru na farko na rayuwar bishiyar dole ne a tsaftace tsabta daga ƙasa mai laushi daga weeds, ciyawa akai-akai kuma cire shi. Abincin taki da tsire-tsire za su amfana.

Cututtuka da kwari

Zubar da jinin jini yana shan wahala daga cututtukan apple.

Ciwon kwari. A Trunks da kambi ya bayyana thickening. Sau da yawa kambi ya lalace kuma tsarin lalacewa ya fara. A Aport, cutar tana nuna kanta a cikin hanyar da aka rufe da kuma bude raunuka.

A cikin akwati na farko, ana samar da growths, a cikin na biyu - indentations. Gudun raunuka da kuma girma sun nuna alamar kare inuwa, kuma baya bayanan shi. Dalilin cutar shine yawancin yanayin zafi kadan.

Jiyya: A matakin farko na cutar, an lalata wuraren da aka lalata tare da filin lambun gona ko raguwa. Dukkanin lalacewa dole ne a cire su kuma kone su a waje da gonar.

Black ciwon daji ba da bambanci ba daga sababbin ciwon daji. Yana haifar da ciwo mai tsanani. Yawanci yakan shiga cikin haushi bishiya saboda lalacewa ko yankewa pruning, wanda aka yi a yanayin zafi.

Fusho suna fitowa a kan gindin bishiya, launi na kasan na sama shine exfoliates. Ciwon daji na ciwon daji ba zai iya tasiri ba kawai ɓangaren Aporta ba, har ma 'ya'yan itatuwa da ganye.

Jiyya: Don hana cutar, wajibi ne a samu raunuka. Jiyya yana kama da apple ciwon daji.

Scab. Kwayar cuta ta yadu saboda rikici. A lokacin bazara, matasa masu launi daga furen da suka fadi daga kaka sukan kamu da cutar.

A kan ganyayyun ganye, raunin launin rawaya suna bayyana tare da sheen. Bayan bushewa ganye, cutar ta wuce zuwa ovary, ta kafa 'ya'yan itatuwa da buds.

Jiyya: Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don magance scab yana spraying tare da urea bayan kaka leaf fall. Ana amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman a kan scab ("Scor", Bordeaux liquid, "Scor", "Cumulus", da sauransu)

Mealy dew. A wannan cututtuka, wani farar fata mai suna "floury" ya bayyana a jikin ganyen itacen. Idan ba ku yaki shi ba, bayan lokaci ya sami launin ruwan kasa. Ganye ya bushe, cutar ta shiga cikin akwati.
Idan ba a kula da cutar ba a lokacin, itacen apple zai iya mutuwa.

Jiyya: a cikin guga na ruwa narke miyagun ƙwayoyi "Topaz" a cikin adadin 2 ml. Har ila yau ya dace da "Scor." Yayyafa itacen da kyau tare da wannan bayani, bayan da ake yin 'ya'yan itace, tare da ruwa tare da ruwa na Borodian.

Zubar da jini-ja sauƙi yakan tsira, amma sau da yawa ba ya dace da kayan lambu na cyclical fruiting. Kamar yadda yake kula da kowane apple, ana duba Aport a kai a kai saboda cututtuka da kuma alamar ƙwayar shaida ta hanyar magani.

Idan ana amfani da ku don amfani da bishiyoyi don ƙarin sayar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, amma baza ku iya samar da adadi mai yawa ba - Aport ba shine mafi kyau ba. Amma idan kuka dasa itace don kanku, ba zai damu ba.