Skorospelku daga Michurinsk ba tare da an kira karin ba rikodin rikodin. Dangane da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, wannan iri-iri ba shi da daidaituwa kuma na farko a cikin lambun pear yana faranta wa mai kula da lambun da sabo.
Bugu da ƙari, Skerspelka pear daga Michurinsk yana da wasu dabi'u - jimiri, ban mamaki sanyi juriya da high yawan amfanin ƙasa, cikakken bayanin dukan halaye da hotuna na 'ya'yan itace daga baya a cikin labarin.
Wani irin pears yana nufin?
Skorospelka daga Michurinsk yana da iri-iri tare da tsinkaya na farko na 'ya'yan itatuwa na duniya.
An girma a cikin gonaki da kuma cikin tsare-tsaren masu zaman kansu don amfani mai kyau - 'ya'yansa ba a adana su ba sosai.
Har ila yau, Skorpospelka daga Michurinsk cikakke ne ga canning - yana sa mai juices, jams, jams da kuma kiyayewa.
Hanyoyi na rani sun hada da: Fairy Tale, Northenian Krasnoshchekaya, Rogneda, Lel da Moscow Early.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Riffar da ta fara daga Michurinsk ita ce sakamakon aikin kiwo na VNIIGiSPR. I.V. Michurin. Masana kimiyya S. P. Yakovlev da A. P. Gribanovsky sunyi wannan nau'i-nau'i ta hanyar haɗuwa da tsohuwar Turai na Yammacin Turai "Citron de Carme"tare da matasan da aka samu daga dajiyar Ussuri da iri iri"Bere Liguel".
Sakamakon gwaji na sabon iri-iri ya fara ne a shekarar 1986. A shekarar 2002, an hade shi a cikin Littafin Jihar. Girman girbi na farko daga Michurinsk an bada shawara don noma a Tsakiyar Rasha, Tsakiya ta Tsakiya ta tsakiyada Yankuna na tsakiya na Volga. Yawan nau'in nau'in pear Skorospelka daga Michurinsk ya tabbatar da kansa cikin lambun Yankin Arewa maso yamma. Lambu suna samun albarkatun girbi daga Michurinsk Yankin Moscow.
A tsakiyar yankin, yara, Memory of Zhegalov, Svetlyanka, Chizhovskaya da Hera sun ci gaba.
Bambancin bayanin Skorospelka daga Michurinsk
Yi la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Tree
Wannan pear ne mai itace mai tsayi tare da kambi na pyramidal. Tsawon raƙuman rassan da rassan ƙusar zuma suna girma sama, suna yin kusurwa tare da akwati.
Ganye suna da tsaka-tsalle kuma an rufe su da haushi da launin ruwan kasa mai launin launin ruwan kasa tare da karamin adadin lentils.
Ƙananan siren ganye suna da nau'i mai mahimmanci tare da nuna maɗaukaki da kuma ɗan gajeren fuska.
Furen furanni sun kunshi furanni masu tasowa. Kwayar fure tana girma zuwa ga pedicel.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Girman 'ya'yan itacen Horoscopelka daga Michurinsk yana da ƙasa da matsakaici, kuma nauyin kowane nau'i ne daga 70 zuwa 100 g Za'a iya kiran siffar 'ya'yan itace pear.
An rufe su da launin kore-rawaya, wanda, a lokacin da cikakke, samu wani arziki launin ruwan kasa launi. An lura da tsattsauran ido akan fata na kusan dukkanin 'ya'yan itatuwa.
An shafe kyawawan Skorospelka daga Michurinsk. Jiki yana da dadi kuma mai laushi tare da dandano mai dadi-dadi, tare da tsarin sassauka kaɗan kuma kusan ba tare da granulations ba.
Chemical abun da ke ciki:
| Haɗuwa | Yawan |
|---|---|
| Sahara | ba kasa da 8.2% |
| Acids | 0,78 % |
Hotuna
Halaye
Skorospelka daga Michurinsk ya kawo Kyakkyawan girbi na 'ya'yan itatuwa kusan kowace shekara. Ya fara yin 'ya'ya a shekara ta biyar ta rayuwa, tare da shekaru girma yawan amfanin ƙasa. Zuwa shekaru 10, bishiyoyi na wannan iri-iri suna iya bayar har zuwa 100 centers 'ya'yan itace a kowace hectare.
Pears kuma masu girma iri iri ne: Bere Russkaya, Bere Bosk, Tonkovetka, Tatyana da Talgar kyau.
Girma Skorospelka daga Michurinsk kafin sauran nau'in nau'in pear - a ranar 20 ga Yuli, kuma wani lokacin 5-6 days a baya. A yanayin yanayi Ana adana 'ya'yan itatuwa kimanin mako guda, kuma a firiji - har zuwa makonni 2.
Skorospelka daga Michurinsk - samoplodny iri-iri, da yawan aiki yakan girma idan pollinator iri-iri girma "A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Yakovlev".
A gwaje-gwaje na jihar, Skorospelka daga Michurinsk ya nuna kanta daya daga cikin mafi yawan sanyi-iri. A lokacin daskarewa na wucin gadi, yana da tsayayya ko da irin wannan zazzabi kamar yadda -40 ° C.
Irin nauyin sanyi sun hada da: Uralochka, Tikhiy Don, Chizhovskaya, Severyanka da Svetlyanka.
Cambia da haushi ba su daskare ba, mataki na lalacewar itace da kodan basu wuce maki 1.5 ba. Bugu da ƙari, an bambanta iri-iri ta wurin jimirinsa - ba jin tsoron iskar iska da sauyin canji ba.
Dasa da kulawa
Pear Skorospelka daga Michurinsk ya fi son girma wurare da busheinda ruwan karkashin kasa yake zurfi ba kasa da mita 2.5 daga ƙasa ba.
Mafi kyawun lokacin da za a shuka pear shine kaka (wata daya kafin sanyi karye) da kuma bazara (nan da nan bayan ƙasa thaws). Yawancin lambu sun fi son lokacin saukowainda seedlings ke da lokaci zuwa hunturu don sayen sababbin asalinsu.
A sakamakon haka, a lokacin bazara, matasa za su kasance a shirye don farkon kakar girma.
Ramin zurfi har zuwa 1 m kuma tare da diamita daga 80 cm zuwa 1 m shirya 2-4 makonni kafin saukowa. Idan kasar gona a kan shafin yana yashi, yana da kyawawa don sanya launin yumɓu har zuwa cm 20 cm a kasa na rami.
Ɗaya daga cikin uku na rami don dasa shuki ya cika da ƙasa mai laushi.
Ana shirya ta daga wadannan abubuwa: doki turf ƙasa dug daga rami, game da 3 buckets na taki (a cikin wani sabon sabo!) ko rotted shuka humus, 100 g na potash da 150 g na phosphate da takin mai magani.
Idan kasar gona ta kasance mai ban sha'awa, taki mai dacewa ne.
Kafin dasa shuki, an kulle katako na katako kimanin 140 cm a cikin rami A cikin tsakiyar rami sun kafa wani makullin kuma sanya bishiya akan shi saboda haka yana gefen kudancin kwari. Tushen seedling suna yada a kusa da tarnaƙi kuma yafa masa ƙasa.
Tare da wannan Ƙaƙwalwar wuyansa ya tashi 3-5 cm sama da farfajiya. Bayan dafafa ƙasa za ta shirya kuma zai kasance a daidai matakin. Ƙasa a kusa da itacen tamped da kuma zub da ruwa (2 zuwa 3 buckets).
Bayan dasa shuki, ana daura nau'in seedling zuwa furo da ƙasa Mulch tare da takin, peat ko humus. A cikin yanayin bushe bayan makonni biyu, watering zai bukaci a maimaita.
Taimakon pear yana hada da na yau da kullum ciyawar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, shinge da mulching daga yankin na stalkwanda ke taimakawa wajen shayar da abubuwan gina jiki da kuma kulawa da ruwa.
Ƙarewa kafin ƙarshen yanayin sanyi ya zama dole digging kusa-kara da'irori. Rashin zurfin digin kusa da itacen pear ya kamata ya zama ba fãce 12 cm ba, kuma sauran yankin na kara ya kamata ba fiye da 25 cm ba.
Watayar pear yana buƙatar rare, amma yalwatacce - isa sau uku a kowace kakar. (a cikin bazara, bayan flowering a farkon lokacin rani da kuma kaka a lokacin fall fall). Mafi kyawun ruwa ga ɗayan bishiyar bishiya shine akalla 3 buckets da mita ɗaya na sashin igiya.
A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa shuki, ba a buƙatar ciyar da pears matasa ba, saboda an dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai kyau wanda aka riga ya hadu. Yayinda suke girma da kuma farawa, bishiyoyi sukan fara buƙatar shekara.
Zaɓin ciyarwa da yawa. Kowane lambun ya zaɓi tsarin aikinsa wanda ya dogara ne akan shekaru da jihar kiwon lafiya na pear, abun da ke cikin ƙasa a kan shafin da yanayin yanayin damuwa.
A cikin bazara da pear yana bukatar nitrogen da takin mai magani.Mafi yawancin su shi ne urea (25 g da 1 sq m na itace) da ammonium nitrate (30 g da 1 sq m).
Ana bada shawara don aiwatar da riguna biyu: kafin da kuma bayan buɗewa.
A cikin fall, bishiyoyi sun hadu tare da ma'adinai., wanda za'a iya saya a cikin lambun lambun musamman ko dafa kanka.Ɗaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓuka don irin wannan gyare-gyare: tsarma cokali 1 na potassium chloride da 2 tablespoons na superphosphate a cikin lita 10 na ruwa - wannan shi ne kashi da 1 sq M. M. Kowane shekaru biyu ko uku da kayan aikin kwayoyin halitta an gabatar da su a karkashin pear, mafi kyawun abin da shine takin gargajiya ko taki (kusan 2 kg a kan 1 sq m).
'Ya'yan' ya'yan Pear Skorospelka daga Michurinsk yana da damuwa a kan girbi a girbi mai yawa. Girman 'ya'yansa yana taimakawa wajen yin amfani da ladabi ta amfani da pruning shekara-shekara.
Autumn pruning ne da za'ayi. tare da cire na bushe, da waxannan cututtukan da kuma lalace harbe. A cikin bazara na matasa pears samar da kambi, pruning ma dogon harbe.
Tsarin bishiyoyi suna buƙatar goyon baya na ruwa ko sake pruning. An cire rassan da suka ragu a cikin kambi ko zuwa gefe.
Har ila yau yanke fi, rauni harbe da kuma dogon rassan. A sakamakon irin wannan pruning, fruiting ba kawai al'ada, amma kambi samun iska kuma inganta.
Cututtuka da kwari
Pear Skorospelka daga Michurinsk kusan rashin lafiya //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.htmlamma a karkashin yanayi mara kyau shafi na moniliasis a cikin nau'in 'ya'yan itace rot. Babban tushen kamuwa da cuta shine gurzaccen motar overwintered a gonar. Gidajen da aka kafa akan shi ana ɗauke da iska, da yaduwar ruwan sama da kwari.
Tsarin jituwa ya bambanta da irin wadannan: Cathedral, Krasulia, Lada, M Efimova da Otradnenskaya.
Moniliasis da farko yana rinjayar 'ya'yan itatuwa da lalacewa. Kwayar ta fara da kafawar launin ruwan kasa, wanda, a hankali yana fadada, ya rufe dukan tayin. Ba tare da daukar matakai masu dacewa ba, rot yana motsa 'ya'yan itatuwa makwabta.
Don kaucewa ilimin halitta, kana buƙatar cire pears marasa lafiya daga bishiyoyi a lokaci kuma ka halakar da carrion. Yawan kambi mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci don fitar da shi a cikin lokaci. A matsayin ma'auni mai kariya kafin kullun bishiyoyi fesa da urea bayani.
Fara kare kyawawan bishiyoyi daga kwari ya kamata fada. Yawancin kwari sun shafe cikin launi da ƙasa, saboda haka tsabtatawa ganye da kuma juye dawar da'irar taimaka wajen wargaza wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci daga cikinsu. Bugu da ƙari, bayan ganye suna fadowa a kan rassan, cocoons na kwari masu tsire-tsire a cikin itatuwan suna bayyane. Ana tattara su kuma kone su.
Mafi yawan cuts, scarab da wasu karin kwari da za a iya lalacewa a kan pear, dauka tsohuwar haushi daga gangar jikin kuma yasa shtamb.
Duk wani abun da zai iya yin amfani da furotin yana iya karawa da lemun tsinkar launin fata. Wannan zai kara tasiriyar hanya. Tare da yawan adadin kwari a lokacin rani da dama hanyoyin kula da itatuwan da sunadarai.
Lokacin zabar sapling don itacen oak, ku kula da nau'in pear Skorospelka daga Michurinsk - wannan pear ba zai taba barinku ba kafin kafin ku samar da albarkatun 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau.
