A cikin hunturu, shingen taga na masu farin ciki na begonias, da elatioor, suna haskakawa ta hanyar rassan "wardi" na kowane nau'i na dumi da har ma da haske - ruwan hoda, rawaya, orange, ja.
Irin wannan abin al'ajabi ya zama mai yiwuwa bayan ƙetare na begonia tuberous - daga tsibirin Haiti da Socotransky begonia, wanda ke tsiro ne kawai a Yemen.
Daga irin farko na begonia, elater ya gaji mai girma mai tsayi da haske mai haske, kuma daga na biyu, rubutun ƙananan furanni da kuma ikon yin furanni a cikin hunturu.
Da yake kasancewar matasan da ba su da kyau, ba shi da ƙarfin karfi kuma yana buƙatar kulawa a al'ada.
Har ila yau, ana kiran shuka ne begonia flowering.
Hotuna
Yadda ake kulawa?
Haskewa
Yana buƙatar haske mai haske ba tare da hasken hasken rana ba.
Mafi haske zai kasance windows suna fuskantar gabas ko kudu maso yamma.
A kan windows na arewaci, da kuma a lokacin rani na hasken rana, domin ya tsawanta flowering, zai zama dole ya haskaka, samar da 13-16 hours na hasken rana hours a kowace rana.
A gefen kudu da kudu maso gabas, ana buƙatar shading - musamman ma a tsawon lokacin rani.
Zazzabi
Yanayin zafin jiki mafi kyau duk shekara - daga 20 zuwa 25 digiri.
A cikin hunturua kowace harka Yanayin zafi kada ya fada a ƙasa + 18ºС
Ground
Wannan kyakkyawan matasan ba ya sanya bukatun musamman a kan ƙasa mai tushe: dole ne ya kasance kadan acid, adadi mai kyau, nutritious, tare da mai kyau iska da kuma danshi permeability.
Zai iya amfani ƙasa a shirye don begonias, ko gonar lambu tare da kashi mai mahimmanci na perlite ko vermiculite, da kuma shirya cakuda sassa huɗu na humus na ganye, sassa biyu na peat da wani ɓangare na yashi m.
Saukowa
Akwati don dasa shuki yana iya zama nisa daidai da tsawo da kuma wajibi ramin tsawa. Saboda Babban hadari na ruwaCapacity abu ne mafi alhẽri a zabi porous - kayan shafawa ba tare da ci gaba da zane ba.
A kasan akwati Layer Layer na kananan pebbles ko fadada yumbu, sa'annan an zuba karami a kan ƙasa, wanda aka sanya tsarin tushen.
Kula da hankali na musamman ga lafiyar ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙasa tare da ƙarancin wuri da rashin ƙarfi.
Cika cakuda ƙasa zuwa matakin da ake so, a rufe shi da hankali.
Dasa a cikin ƙasa
A tsakiyar tsakiyar, irin wannan saukowa ne da aka yi a farkon watan Yuni, lokacin da barazanar sanyi na dare ya koma.
Ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin 20-25 centimeters daga juna.
Lokacin da yanayin yanayin zafi ya sauke zuwa + 5-8ºOM, waɗannan cangonias zasu canja zuwa dakin don hunturu, ko kuma an cire su daga garesu.
Tashi
Raunin da ake yi na Elatior yana da matukar damuwa ga "danniya na dashi", saboda haka samfurin matasa a hankali transplanted yayin da kake girmakuma balagagge transplanted da wuya, sulhu, tare da hankali sosai, ko maye gurbin da sabongirma daga cuttings.
Watering
Shayar matsakaici da safe ko maraice.
A daidai wannan lokacin, babban manufar shine don hana ƙasa da tushen tsarin daga bushewa daga ƙasa ko ƙasa.
Tsakanin ban ruwa tare da taushi, ba ruwa mai sanyi ba, ƙasa ya kamata ya bushe da muhimmanci - aƙalla har zuwa rabi na tsawo na tukunya.
Air iska
A lokacin ranimusamman a lokutan zafi Tsarawa yana da amfani.
Tare da wannan daji ba za a iya hasken rana ba: ruwa na ruwa a kan ganye da furanni kamar ruwan tabarau, hasken hasken rana da hasken rana kuma tsire-tsire ta ƙone.
A lokacin hunturu da hunturu, ba a yi amfani da spraying ba, tun lokacin wannan lokacin, tare da karuwa a cikin zafi, haɗarin cutar ta Begonia ta hanyar cututtukan fungal yana ƙaruwa.
Top dressing
A lokacin flowering da kuma girma girma kakar ciyar da wani ma'adinai na ma'adinai don shuke-shuke mai ban sha'awa sau ɗaya a mako.
Girma da kuma pruning
Maganar Begonia ta yi hasarar tasirinta.
Don sake sakewa ta kyauta ta kyauta ƙaddarawa, yana barin "hemp" mai tsawon mita bakwai da bakwai.
Ba da da ewa daga barci buds sabon harbe zai bayyana, wanda, kamar yadda suke girma, kana bukatar tsunkuledon samar da wani karamin daji tare da mai yawa foliage.
Flowering
Don ƙarancin ruwan ci gaba da alheri, haifar da wucin gadi "gajeren rana" - an rage tsawon lokacin yini 9 hoursrufe da shuka fim din filastik.
Irin wannan hanya da aka gudanar a lokacin makonni biyu, yana inganta samuwar buds.
Don a wannan lokaci, mai tushe ba a miƙa shi ba, yana amfani da ci gaban girma ko goge.
Sa'an nan kuma rana ta sake ƙara zuwa 16 hours - na iya buƙatar karin haske.
A sakamakon haka Begonia ya yi shuru a cikin watanni 2.
Ya kamata a lura cewa shuka sau daya "cikakke" - tsawo, da yawa kuma na dogon lokaci - an sake dawo da shi na dogon lokaci kuma yana da wuya a sake farawa tare da wannan ƙarfin.
Kiwo
Flower ninka vegetatively - cuttings, da kuma iri iri daban-daban tsaba.
Dama kayan haɓaka
Amfani spring da rani cuttings kimanin 10 cm tsawo, wanda akwai nau'i na ganye da girma biyu girma buds. Sassan suna bushe.
Zaka iya amfani da tsumburan cututtuka a cikin ruwa, aiwatar da sassan ƙananan tare da tushen samfurori masu tasowa, ko nan da nan dasa su a ƙasa mai ƙasa tare da ƙarin ƙarin yashi.
Dasa murfin tare da filastik filastik, kiyaye dumi (+22-25ºOD), iska da kuma moisturize.
Bayan kafawar tushen tsarin da kuma samuwar sabon harbe (kimanin a cikin watan), ana amfani da cututtuka a cikin kwantena daban tare da cakudawar ƙasa.
Cuttings na Leaf
Ɗauki babban takarda, gyara shi a kan tsabta mai haske (a gilashi) da ruwa mai kaifi raba daga cibiyar cikin sassa sabõda haka, a kowane bangare ya daya ko biyu vascular veins.
Yada kayan da aka samo a ƙasa (zaka iya rage ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙafa), shafawa, rufe murfin filastik, moisten, iska kuma dauke da zazzabi na digiri 20-22.
A cikin wata guda Begonia za a sake farfadowa ko da tare da irin "raguwa" da siffofin ƙananan sabon ganye a fagen cut veins.
Tsaba
Wasu iri Elatior, alal misali, ƙungiyar F1 hybrids, za a iya yada su ta hanyar iri, kuma a ko'ina cikin shekara (kaka da hunturu na bukatar karin haske).
Ana sanya kananan tsaba a kan ƙasa na cakudawar ƙasa, wanda aka fesa da ruwa, an rufe shi da fim na filastik, yae, ya kasance a 25-27ºС kuma haske mai kyau.
Harbe bayyana bayan makonni 2-3.
Bayan kammalawar biyu ko uku gaskiya ganye Kwayoyi suna nutsewa a hankali rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 18-20ºС kuma iyaka ƙayyadaddun.
Yayin da suka girma, suna zaune.
Don kara ƙarfafa samuwar buds a kan matasan shuke-shuke, yi amfani da hanyar "black package", wanda aka bayyana a cikin ɓangaren "Flowering".
Alamun matsala
- Ganye ya zama kodadde, harbe ya shimfiɗa - sakamakon rashin haske, musamman ma a cikin hunturu. Wajibi ne don samar da yanayin haske mafi kyau, don tsara haske a cikin tsawon gajeren hasken rana.
- Buds fall, ya bushe bushe - bushe iska da overheating. Wajibi don hasken rana ta hasken rana ya kamata a iyakance kuma an yi amfani da iska a ƙasƙantar da shi.
- Ganye suna haske, launin toka mai launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana a kansu, buds da furanni sun zama ƙananan - wucewar hasken rana kai tsaye. Dole ne a shuka shuka.
Cututtuka da kwari
Rashin kulawa, da farko, damuwa ko rashin danshi a cikin ƙasa, ya raunana shuka kuma ya jawo shan kashi. powdery mildew. A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar inganta watering da aiwatar da begonia. masu fadi.
Haɗuwa da matsanancin zafi da ƙananan zafin jiki yana haifar da ci gaba tushe ko ganye rot. Idan tsarin ya fara ne kawai, ya kamata ku inganta halin zafin jiki da zafi da sauri kuma cire sassan lalacewa. Idan aka yi nasara sosai, dole ne ka kaddamar da cututtuka, ka yanke daga harbe mai kyau, ka kuma kiyaye su a cikin yanayi masu dacewa, ka rabu da sauran tsire-tsire.
Begonia zai iya kai hari gizo-gizo mite, aphid, scythe, thrips da mealybug. A matsayin ma'auni na farko, yin amfani da ƙwayar kwari ta amfani da ulu mai laushi wanda aka shayar da barasa, ko magani tare da maganin sabulu. Mafi tasiri magani na kwaro - tsarin kwari.
Begonia Elatior - wani matsala mai ban sha'awa na 'iyayen' 'iyayen' 'iyakokin' 'iyakokin' '' 'masu nisa sosai - yana da ado sosai a lokacin tsawon furanni mai tsawo, mai ban sha'awa da lokacin hunturu. A ƙarshen wannan aikin "wuta", ba tare da wata matsala ba, kuma ba "tsararrun sojoji ba", yawancin tsire-tsire suna da hankalinsu na dogon lokaci.
Duk da haka, ana yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings ko tsaba, begonia elatio yana ba da rai ga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda suke iya sake maimaita irin wannan furanni.
