M Pelargonium zonal: bayanin, iri, haifuwa, kula da hoto

Pelargonium na yankin yana da fyauceccen furen da zai iya daukar nauyin yanayin tare da kyan ado da tsawon flowering. An girma a kan windowsill, ko da yake wasu growers yi noma na shuke-shuke a bude ƙasa. A kula da furanni ba ƙyama ba ne, amma dole ne a kiyaye wasu yanayi. Bari mu dubi yadda za mu shuka fure da kuma kula da shi sosai.

Bayanin Botanical, tarihin da farashin tsaba

Pelargonium na yankin yana da kyau ne, daga asalin Afirka ta Kudu. Domin da yawa ƙarni ya kasance na rayayye na ado da yawa gidaje. A karo na farko, an kawo pelargonium zuwa Turai a karni na 17, bayan haka ya karbi buƙata mai girma a zane-zane na kayan ado na kayan ado.

Wadannan abũbuwan amfãni na zonal pelargonium za a iya bambanta:

• kulawa mara kyau;
• tsawo flowering;
• kyau irin buds;
• m ƙanshi.

Yana yiwuwa a sayi tsaba na zonal pelargonium a Moscow a farashin 31-120 rubles, dangane da iri-iri.

Bayanan bayyanar da fasali

Zone pelargonium yana da siffofi masu zuwa:

1. Hawan. Bush ke tsiro zuwa 0.5 m.
2. Krone. Yana da kanta ga samuwar, don haka tsire-tsire za a iya girma a cikin wani itace ko itace.
3. Bar. An yi ta zagaye, kuma a saman su suna da alamomi a cikin nau'i na kofaton ƙarfe.
4. Flowering. Zone pelargonium blooms na dogon lokaci - daga bazara zuwa kaka. Akwai nau'o'in da, tare da kulawa da kyau, na iya yin fure cikin shekara. Duk furanni an tattara su a manyan inflorescences. Launiyarsu na iya zama daban-daban: fararen, jan, ruwan hoda, mai laushi da sauti biyu. A kan takalmin ƙwayoyin akwai wasu wurare daban-daban, bugun jini ko bambancin gefuna.

Mafi iri iri irin wannan da hoto

Sandar Cikal

Wannan nau'in yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan. Yana da amfanin gona mai ban sha'awa wadda ke da girma a gida. Yanayi suna cikin launuka masu launin m launi. Kwanan daga cikin buds a cikin nau'in fadada shine 2.5 cm.

Tuscany

Wannan itace dwarf, wanda daji a lokacin flowering yana rufe bishiyoyi masu dusar ƙanƙara. Inflorescences yi kama da hatsikuma daji kanta yana kewaye da zagaye-dimbin yawa duhu kore foliage.

Terry

Wannan iri-iri yana da furotin na terry. Launi su na iya zama daban-daban: Crimson, Lilac, Red, Salmon kyan gani.

Koyi game da fasali na kulawa da haifuwa da kula da pelargonium terry, da kuma ganin bayanin da hotuna na iri, a nan.

Inda kuma yadda za'a shuka?

Tsarin dasa shuki na yankin pelargonium mai sauƙi ne, idan kun shirya kasa da kyau, tukunya kuma zaɓi wuri mai dacewa.

Haske da wuri

Don tsire-tsire ta yi girma, ta samar da kambi mai laushi da furanni sosai, yana bukatar haske mai haske don tsawon sa'o'i 4-8 a rana. Mafi kyawun gefen kudu. A lokacin zafi za su kula da shadingdon kauce wa kunar rana a jiki. A lokacin rani, tsarin zafin jiki ya zama digiri 20-23 a rana, da dare - 12-15 digiri.

A lokacin sanyi yana da kyau don kiyaye fure a zafin jiki na digiri 12-20. A lokacin girbiran geranium dole ne a kiyaye shi daga zayyana kuma daga tuntuba tare da gilashin sanyi a kan windows.

Bukatun shara

A cikin akwati na biyu, wajibi ne mu dauki gonar lambu mai kyau kuma hada tare da kogi yashi a daidai rabbai. Bugu da kari, wajibi ne a kula da magudanar ruwa ta yin amfani da yumbu mai yalwata.

Kulawa na gida

• Watering. Ya zama wajibi ne don shayar albarkatun gona akai-akai da kuma matsakaici. Idan kasar gona ta yi yawa, mayafin zai fara farawa, kuma idan akwai ruwa kadan, ganye zasu bushe kuma ya juya rawaya. Saki ƙasa kawai bayan saman saman ya bushe.

  A lokacin hunturu, an yi ban ruwa a kowane mako 2. Ganye ba ya buƙatar spraying, kamar yadda ya dace da zafi iska, da kuma ruwa droplets a kan ganye zai kai ga samuwar mummunan blotchiness. A cikin hunturu, iska a cikin ɗakin yana bushe, saboda haka yana da kyau a sanya shuka a kan taya tare da yumbu mai yalwata, wanda aka shafe daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.

• Top dressing. Yi ciyarwa ya zama dole a lokacin lokacin flowering, ta yin amfani da tsari. A cikin abun da ke ciki na dressings ya kamata a kasance a cikin babban sashi na phosphorus da potassium, kuma a cikin rage - nitrogen. Ba'a ba da shawara don ajiye abinci bayan dashi ba, kamar yadda kake jira 1,5 watanni. A cikin hunturu, ana amfani da takin mai magani fiye da sau ɗaya kowace mako 4-5.
• Tashi. Zonal pelargonium ke tsiro sosai da sauri, don haka daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yana bukatar a transplanted a cikin wani sabon akwati. Don dasawa zabi wani lokaci daga bazara zuwa kaka. Idan ka shuka shuka a filin bude, to dole a dasa shi a cikin tukunya don hunturu da kuma sanya shi cikin daki.

  Young bushes transplanted cikin kwantena 1 size ya fi girma fiye da baya su. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba sa canza tukwane, amma suna amfani da sabuwar ƙasa a kowane lokaci. Ya kamata a hada peat, loam, yashi, perlite da gawayi.

• Pruning. An kafa furanni a kan kananan harbe, don haka yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da pruning a lokaci. Wannan zai ba da kambin ya zama daidai. In ba haka ba, injin zai tasowa kuma ya rasa bayyanar ado. A cikin aiwatar da pruning ne kuma dole don cire lalace da dried harbe, ganye, wanda ganimar bayyanar flower. Bayan wannan hanya, bi duk wuraren da aka yanke tare da carbon da aka kunna.

Cututtuka na kowa da kwari

Babban kwari na zonal pelargonium sune:

• gizo-gizo mite;
• mealybug
• aphid;
• thrips.

Lokacin da aka gano su, wajibi ne a kula da kwari:

• Aktara;
• Sanya;
• Confidor.

Amma ga whitefly, wanda ke sanya larvae a cikin cikin leaf, to, don magance shi, dole ne ka yi amfani da sabulu bayani (40 g sabulu da lita 1 na ruwa). Bayan aiki daji don rufe shi har kwana biyu tare da polyethylene.

Daga cikin cututtuka, ƙwayar fata ba za ta iya amfani da shuka ba.. Wannan mummunar cuta ne da ke faruwa a sakamakon rashin haɓakaccen ruwa da rashin bin ka'idar zazzabi.

Idan ƙananan bishiyoyi sun fara nuna launin toka a kan farantin launi, kuma kanta kanta ta zama launin rawaya tare da launin ruwan kasa, to, wadannan sune alamu na naman gwari. Dole ne a cire dukkan fayilolin da aka shafa sannan a bi da su tare da furotin.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Cuttings

Wannan hanya ce mafi sauki kuma mafi mashahuri. Yanke shi ne babban zaɓi don sake sake daji, yayinda yake a cikin kananan yara dukkanin siffofi iri-iri na iyalin iyaye suna kiyaye su.

Kamar yadda ake amfani da cuttings da harbe wanda ya kasance daga tsire-tsire. Don cuttings dace tip na shoot, tsawon 5-15 cm tare da ƙumburi leaf. Yanke a kasa da shi a 0.5 cm a kasa da kumburi. Na gaba, tsarin ƙwarewa kamar haka:

1. Daga yanke, cire duk furanni da ganye da aka kiyaye su a ciki.
2. Yanke sandar kadan bushe na tsawon sa'o'i 2 a cikin iska da tushe cikin ruwa ko ƙasa wanda ya kunshi peat da yashi.
3. Ƙasa tare da cuttings don ci gaba a cikin jika, kuma yayin da ta bushe, ruwa. Bayan kwanaki 10-14, asalin sun fara.
4. Ƙarfafa tsire-tsire suna cike da magunguna, kuma bayan dan lokaci zaka iya dasa su a cikin tukunya mai tsabta.

Girma daga zuriyar

Wannan hanya ba ta bada garantin adana halaye iri iri na tsire-tsire ba.

Dole ne a shuka tsaba a ƙarshen hunturu, to, ta hanyar bazara sai sprouts zasu iya samun ƙarfi da kuma lokacin rani don farantawa da furanni.

1. Hanyoyin yankin Pelargonium suna da manyan, suna da siffar mai girma da harsashi mai yawa, don haka dole ne a shirya su a gaba. Saboda wannan, wajibi ne don yin tsarri. Dalilin wannan hanya shi ne cewa kayan dasawa suna ƙasa ta hanyar yatsun ko kuma a ciki, sa'an nan kuma a cikin ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki. Wannan ya sauya yanayin sauyawa sau 10.

   Idan an saya iri a ɗakin ajiya, to, babu shirye-shiryen da ake bukata.

2. Dole ne shuka tsaba cikin ƙasa, wanda ya kunshi cakuda peat da perlite. A baya, ana haifuwa a cikin tanda a 180 digiri na minti 20.
3. Bayan an shuka tsaba a kan farfajiyar, dole ne a yayyafa shi da wani launi na ƙasa, wanda shine muni 2 mm.
4. Don sa tsaba sufi kafe, sun buƙaci a ajiye su a cikin hasken rana, wanda ake shayar da su tare da kwalba mai laushi.
5. An kafa sassan farko bayan makonni 2. Karba seedlings a cikin tukwane masu rarraba bayan nau'i-nau'i biyu na ganye sun bayyana akan shi.

Pelargonium na yankin yana da kyawawan shuka da ya dace da kayan lambu da waje, wanda ke nufin cewa idan kun bi duk ka'idodin fasahar aikin noma, furen zai cigaba da dogon lokaci, bazai yi rashin lafiya ba kuma ya yarda da kyakkyawan ra'ayi.