Yadda za a shuka da kula da kabewa a lambun ka

Haɗuwa a filin lambu da kuma amfani da dafa kabewa Har ila yau, yana ba da amfani ga noma da kulawa a yanayi daban-daban, ciki har da ƙasa mai bude.

Suman: lambun amfanin gona

Sakamakon mai laushi, maras kyau ko 'ya'yan itace mai laushi, wanda aka samo a sakamakon aikin gona na halitta, sun bambanta da siffar, launi da nauyin. Ƙarshen jeri na daga cikin nau'i nau'i na hamsin zuwa hamsin. Girman kabeji a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi yana ingantawa ta hanyar tsarin tushenta - zurfin (har zuwa 3 m) na tushen asali da kuma yaduwan har zuwa 10 sq. M) sashi na aiki, wanda ke cikin ƙasa mai zurfi 20-25 cm daga farfajiyar.

Wannan yana ba da haƙuri mai tsanani. Kodayake yawancin iri a cikin nau'in bushes sun riga sun zama sanannun aikin lambu, kullun mai tsummoki na tsire-tsire yana tasowa a cikin ƙasa, yana kaiwa zuwa mita hudu ko fiye. Wani babban ganye mai launi ya kasance da manyan itatuwan kabewa tare da petioles elongated wanda ba su da tsararru. Kowane tsire-tsire shi ne gida na kowa don furen namiji da na mace.

Irin jinsi-jima'i na irin ja-orange launi bambanta:

• Tsarin flowering (na farko ya bayyana namiji);
• wuri a kan kara (mace - sama);
• pedicels (a cikin maza - ya fi tsayi);
• gaban wasu lokuta inflorescences (kawai ga maza).

Bugu da ƙari, furen da ba a yi amfani da su ba. An yi lalata ta hanyar kwari (saboda yanayin yanayin pollen, wanda ba zai iya canza iska) ko da hannu ba daga mutane. Mafi mahimmanci ga rarrabawar halitta shine safiya na farko na farkon kwanaki bayan watering ko ruwan sama.

Rashin ƙudan zuma saboda sanyi, zafi ko tsayi tsawon lokaci yana haifar da lalacewar furen unpolished. An yi amfani da nau'i-nau'i na 'ya'yan kabewa da aka nuna su daga iyakoki daban-daban don yawancin masoya su ci dasu. Ginin yana tsawon shekaru hudu.

Dangane da yanayin ƙarshe, zai yiwu a ba da amsoshin tambaya akan ko zai yiwu a shuka kabewa tare da sabbin tsaba: dole ne ya kasance fiye da adadin kuɗin (bayan haka, ƙwayar cutar ta zama muni), kuma idan muna magana ne game da wasu 'yan tsaba, ana bada shawara don yaɗa su da ƙananan hannu, a matsayin sabon harsashi mai karfi ya hana shigarwa cikin farfadowa.

Shin kuna sani? Daga cikin nau'o'in nau'i-nau'in gine-gine na shahararrun mutum ɗari takwas, kawai 200 suna dace da abinci.

Features na girma pumpkins, yadda za a zabi wani mãkirci don dasa

Bugu da ƙari, da hankali ga yanayin haske da yanayin zafin jiki da kuma tsarin ƙasa na wurin da kabewa za ta yi girma, dole ne a la'akari da yanayin tushensa, wanda ke kawar da kayan gina jiki daga ƙasa, da kuma furen da za su iya kullun masu shuka.

Bukatun Lighting

Tabbas, maikin buƙatar yana bukatar haske, kamar yadda masu lambu suka ce, tare da hasken rana, wato, ya kamata a yi akalla sa'o'i shida na hasken rana kai tsaye a kowace rana. Sakamakon wannan tasiri zai kara yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingantaccen 'ya'yan itace.

Amma ta za ta canja wurin penumbra daidai. Anyi amfani da wannan don kara yawan amfani da samaniya mai samuwa, kwatankwacin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na masara ta hanyar tsumburan kabewa. A inuwa daga cikin kabewa kanta da ke sa shi da wuya a ci gaba da weeds. A wannan mahimmanci, za'a iya amfani dashi azaman hanyar wanke ƙasa.

Optimum zazzabi don seedlings ko tsaba

Dokar doka ta buƙatar iyakar yawan zafin jiki na rana a lokacin da dasa shuki kabewa seedlings ba m fiye da + 8 ° C (don shuka iri - daga + 13 ° C kuma mafi girma) batun da aka yi da dare ba ƙananan ba + 3 ° C. A wasu lokuta, hadarin ba shi da daraja.

Menene ya zama ƙasa don dasa

A kabewa da ke tsiro a kowane ƙasa ya fi son ƙasa mai cikakken tare da humus, m amma ba ma raw, tare da mai kyau malalewa. Don samun wannan, kafin dasa shuki (shuka) kasar gona tana haɗe da babban adadin takin.

Ƙasa ga kabewa zai iya zama ko dai dan kadan acidic ko dan kadan, amma acidity (pH) na 6.5 ana dauke mafi kyau. Ba lallai ba ne don dasa shukin kabewa a yankin da danginta suka girma (cucumbers, zucchini, squash).

Bayan wasu albarkatun gona, ƙasa don kabewa ya dace, kuma dasa shuki bayan dankali, kabeji, tumatir, albasa, karas, hatsi (masara da alkama), legumes daban-daban da kuma herbaceous perennials yana da kyau sosai.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku ji tsoron ruwan ƙasa kusa da ƙasa (0.6 - 0.7 m) - ba za su shafar yawan amfanin gonar ba.

Shuka pumpkins a gonar (kyawawan shuke-shuken, shuka fasaha, tsirrai seedlings, shirya tsaba, da dai sauransu)

Yaya mafi kyau don ci gaba, yanke shawara ko shuka shuke-shuke da kabeji ko mai shuka, mai shi ya kamata ya fada yanayin yanayin yankin da yake. Wato, kafin shuka wani kabewa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai bude ko a kan seedlings, kana buƙatar ka bada lokaci zuwa binciken da kima akan abubuwan da ke ciki. Ya dogara ne da gwargwadon yanayin ƙasa wanda watanni na shekarar bara zasu shuka pumpkins. Musamman, ga tsakiyar tsakiyar wannan ƙarshen ƙarshen Afrilu.

Shuka tsaba a bude ƙasa

A fili a bude ƙasa kabewa tsaba ana shuka su a cikin gidajen Aljanna inda Yuli iska yawan zafin jiki ba kasa da 18 digiri. Kafin wannan, kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa, bayan binciken ilimin meteorologists, in babu barazanar matsalar rikici, kamar yadda wani lokaci ake kira komawa baya. Bayan wannan hatsari ya wuce, samar da seeding. Idan yanayi ya taso, yana da kyau a rufe albarkatun gona tare da kayan da ba a saka ba.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ranar kafin dasa shuki, tsaba suna mai tsanani kuma sunyi ruwa a cikin ruwa.

Growing pumpkins a hanya rassadny

Da zarar ka yi tsammanin tsarin hanya, za ka bukaci ka kula da yadda za ka yi amfani da tsaba a cikin tsire-tsire. Zuwa tushen sun kasance m lokacin da aka motsa su bude ƙasa, dasa shuki kabeji don tsire-tsire ana yin nan da nan a cikin tukwane na kogi ko kawai a cikin takarda.

Lokacin yin amfani da kwalaye masu shuka a kasansu, a ƙarƙashin wani matsakaici na cakuda peat da ƙasa, ana zuba wani sashi na sawdust cikin santimita da yawa. Ana yin shuka domin makonni uku kafin motsawa zuwa ƙasa. Domin amfanin gonar suyi girma, za'a iya ƙara yawan zafin jiki na germination a cikin kwanaki uku na farko zuwa digiri 25, rage shi da dare zuwa matsakaicin +15.

Dasa kabewa seedlings ya shafi da dama m yanayi. Lokacin da tattalin ƙasa ba tukuna warmed sama, kabewa seedlings kada a dasa. Zai yiwu don ƙayyade mafi kyau duka (digiri 12) yanayin ƙasa ta wurin shigar da ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin katako a cikin shi na minti 10. Idan yana da ƙananan, to, kuyi murfin ƙasa daga polyethylene (zai fi dacewa). Idan lokaci ba zai yi haƙuri ba, ko kuma babu wani hali don dasa, to, ana iya cika lita uku (ko fiye) na ruwan zafi a cikin rijiyoyi.

Seedlings girma a peat tukwane ana shuka su tare da su, binne 3 cm zurfi fiye da a cikin greenhouse ƙasa. An dasa itatuwan kwalaye a cikin rijiyoyin, cike da ruwa, don haka, yin gyaran kafa a cikin ƙasa, tushen zasu kauce wa bansan da ba su dace ba.

Yadda za'a kula da kabewa

Kula da kabewa fara tare da watering nan da nan bayan dasa. Kimanin mako guda bayan wannan, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin gargajiya da ke dauke da kwayoyin halitta mai kyau ta wurin sanya gurbin ƙwayar cuta a jikin ta. Peat, humus, Pine needles da har ma ƙasa busassun ma sun dace da ciyawa.

Lokacin mahimmancin kulawa shi ne tabbatar da gyaran ƙasa, wanda dole ne a yi akalla kowane mako biyu. Wannan hanya yana kusan kullum hade tare da weeding. Nan da nan bayan saukarwa, zurfin zurfin zai iya zama har zuwa 12 cm, kuma a ƙarshen wata na fari ya kamata a rage zuwa 5-8 cm don kauce wa lalacewa ga tushen tsarin. Idan babu nau'in kwayoyin halitta (kwari), dole ne a yi amfani da hanyar jagoranci - in ba haka ba 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su da kyau.

Aikin, wanda ya kamata a yi kafin tsakar rana, abu ne mai sauƙi: tare da nau'in kowannen furen namiji da aka cire da furen, dole ne ku kula da alamun furen mace daya ko biyu. Lokacin da yanayin ya inganta, don jawo hankalin kwari a matsayin pollinators, zaka iya fesa wani kabewa mai tsami tare da ruwan zuma a mako-mako (daya teaspoon na zaki da lita 10 na ruwa).

Yana da muhimmanci! Domin kada a lalata 'ya'yan itace - gudanar da kanka pollination.

Yadda za a samar da wata shuka

Suman seedlings da sauri zama shuke-shuke sprawling tare da dogon mai tushe da manyan ganye. Zuwa gagarumar shuka ba ta keta iyakokin ƙasashen girma ba, ana buƙatar samar da kabewa, wanda yake da sauki a filin bude. An yi amfani da fasaha na yin amfani da kabewa don wannan, kuma ya kamata a yi yayin da shuka yake samari. Pinching faruwa ta hanyar cire apical toho (yiwu tare da wani ɓangare na shoot).

Manufarta - ƙaddamar da ci gaba da harbe-harbe, wanda ya haifar da yawancin furen mata. Bugu da ƙari, an cire ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar axillary da suka kai mita 5-7 - an kira wannan hanya dumi. Ana gudanar da shi a wuri guda tare tare da cire kayan wuce gona da iri da kuma shugabancin dukkanin tsinkayen furanni a daya shugabanci. Fitawa a lokaci daya a kan kowane lash a cikin wani ovary, a mataki na girbi suna da kyawawan nau'o'in 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Watering da fertilizing kabewa

Lokacin shuka don kabewa shine lokacin flowering, fitowar da kuma ci gaban ovaries. A farkon 'ya'yan itace, an shayar da shuka sosai don kada su yi girma sosai. Sa'an nan kuma ƙarar yumbu, da kuma dumi (akalla +20 digiri), karuwa.

Gudun ruwa mai zafi yana taimaka wa samuwar furen mata. Cold watering da kyau ko kuma artesian ruwa zai iya halakar da saukowa. Lokacin da ainihin ganyayyaki ya bayyana a cikin ƙwayar mai girma, an fara fara ciyar da shi tare da nitrophoska bushe (10 g da shuka) da kuma 15 grams na nitrophosphate diluted tare da ruwa aka ba kowane kayan lambu idan aka kafa lashes.

Don abinci biyu (a kowane wata) ana ciyar da abinci don amfani da:

• - ash a madadin 1 kofin / 1 shuka;
• - bayani (1: 8) na mullein a lissafin lita 10 na shuke-shuke shida, lokacin da girma girma ya fara, da kuma uku - a lokacin fruiting;
• - Humus, Rotted chicken droppings ko dung, humus - iya zama ta ido.

Yadda za a kare kabewa daga kwari da cututtuka

Suman: a lokacin da kuma yadda ake girbi

Ko da kuwa da nau'i-nau'i iri-iri dole ne a cire su gaba daya kafin farawar kaka.

Sakamakon irin kabewa da shirye-shirye don girbi an ƙaddara ta:

• matsananciyar bushewa, ƙyama da hawan ƙananan tushe;
• bushe, rawaya da kodadde ganye;
• wuya surface na 'ya'yan itace da haske daga cikin launi.

Lokacin da mafi kyawun lokacin yazo ya samo nau'in nau'i na kabewa, gaya wa umarnin ko masu bada shawara. Don tsofaffi (Winter Sweet, Blue Hubbard, Volga Gray, Healing, Rasha) wannan shi ne yawancin karshen watan Agusta. Suna da rai mai rai (har zuwa wata), don haka amfanin gona nan take don aiki.

Satumba tsabtatawa an tsara domin tsakiyar kakar iri. Wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa na marigayi (Pearl, Testi Delaip, Vitamin, Butternat) ana cire wasu lokuta ko da maras tabbas - sai (bayan kimanin wata daya) samo cikakkun launi a wuri mai duhu. Babban abinda ake buƙata don 'ya'yan itatuwa girbi shi ne rashin lalacewar su, wanda zai haifar da cikewa da rashin iyawa don amfani. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a yanke da kabewa sosai a hankali, yana barin kimanin 4 cm.

Shin kuna sani? Kowace shekara a cikin fall, ana gudanar da bikin ne a Jamus tare da nuni na kayan ado na kabewa.

Amfani da kabewa, musamman ga yara, fiye da rufe duk kokarin da za a noma. Kuma matsalolin aikin lambu zasu kare a cikin yanayin koda, duk suna biye da girbi da girbi.