Helianthum (daga Girkanci, helios - rana da kuma flower), a cikin Rasha - sunflower, wani kyakkyawan tsirrai ne mai fure mai launin rawaya, ja, ruwan hoda ko furanni, wanda, saboda godiya da girma, yana iya yin ado da kowane ɗakin zafi . Yana da tsararru mai tsayi har tsawon mita 30 tare da ganyayyaki mai duhu ko gilashi-inuwa.
Dasa da haifuwa daga helianthemum
Sunflower kiwo auku a cikin hanyoyi uku: tsaba, layering, cuttings.
Dasa tsaba don seedlings
Zai fi kyau fara fara dasa shuki sunflower don seedlings a farkon watan Maris, tun lokacin da ake aiwatar da germination a cikin helianthemum yana da tsawo (wani lokaci har zuwa makonni huɗu). Ana watsa tsaba a kan ƙasa da aka sassaƙa, bayan haka an rufe shi da wani yashi mai yatsun ko yarinya ko vermiculite. Ya kamata a yi amfani da Germination a wuri mai haske a zafin jiki na 18-24 ° C.
Lokacin da sprouts ya bayyana, wajibi ne don samar da wani mai sanyaya (ta hanyar 3-5 ° C) tsarin mulki tare da bambancin bambanci. A irin waɗannan yanayi, seedlings suna jin dadi.
Dasa a cikin ƙasa
Yana da hankali don dasa shuki a cikin filin bude a farkon watan Mayu kuma nan da nan zuwa wurin da aka ajiye domin helianthemum.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sunflower yana da matukar wuya a jure wa kowane iri na transplants.
Sannan sunan wannan shuka ya bayyana wurin zabi don dasawa: Sunflower yana fi son zafi da hasken rana. Ƙasa ita ce mafi dacewa a fili ko tsaka tsaki, tare da babban ɓangaren yashi ko kyakkyawan dutse mai gushewa, wanda ke samar da cikakken isasshen ruwa. Helianthum yana girma a kan loam, amma a wannan yanayin shi ne mafi alhẽri a ƙara dolomite gari zuwa ƙasa a gaba.
Sake bugun ta amfani da manyan cuttings
Yankewa an yi la'akari daidai da yadda aka saba haifar da haɓaka. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka yanke harbe waɗanda ba su da furanni, kimanin 10 cm cikin tsawon, saka su a cikin akwati tare da peat ko yashi kuma su rufe tare da fim don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse. Sakamakon sabon ganye yana nufin cewa shuka ya fara kuma ana iya dasa shi a filin bude.
Wasu Masarufin Kula da Gurasa
Gudun tsuntsu a matsayin cikakke yana da kyau sosai, kuma kula da shi bata hade da wasu matsalolin ba. Duk da haka, domin shuka don shekaru masu yawa don faranta ido tare da furanni launi na rana, yana buƙatar yawan hasken rana. Kayan shuka fi son busasshiyar ƙasa mai kyau mai laushi, watering sunflower za a iya faruwa kawai a lokacin lokutta mai tsanani.
Don mafi kyau flowering, pruned harbe bukatar a yanke ta game da na uku.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da helianthemum, a wannan yanayin da shuka ke "zuwa ga leaf", da kuma flowering, a akasin wannan, weakens.
Don shirya shuka don hunturu an rufe shi da agrofibre, hay ko busassun ciyawa. Tsuntsaye tare da azurfa ganye yana buƙatar rufe mafi hankali.
Shin kuna sani? Hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa da furanni daban-daban suna girma daban-daban: tsire-tsire da furanni mai launin furanni suna daskare a cikin hunturu saboda haka ana daukar su shekara-shekara, yayin da furanni da furanni na fata sune halayyar sunflowers masu kyau waɗanda basu jurewa maɗaukaki.
Abokan hulɗa da yin amfani dasu a cikin lambun
Ana amfani da sunadarai a matsayin nau'i mai mahimmanci don rufe launuka ko alamar ƙasa. Yana da kyau tare da furanni masu furanni irin su karrarawa, Sage, Lavender, Veronica, kayan ado mai launi.
Kyawawan ciyawa suna da kyau a kusa da helianthemum. Zai iya zama iri daban-daban na ciyawa ko gashin tsuntsaye.
Fure-fure na sunflower a kan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, misali jinsin juniper, duba musamman haske
Harshen sunflower ya fita a cikin bazara yana jaddada muhimmancin tulips, daffodils da crocuses.
Sunflower suna so su yi amfani da masu zanen kaya a yayin da suke yin nunin faifai mai tsayi: Tsarin ba kawai ya jure wa fari sosai ba, amma yana girma a tsakanin duwatsun da kan dutse mai zurfi, sabili da haka, yin amfani da sunflower a cikin kayan lambu ya ba da sakamako wanda ba za'a iya bayyana ba. Ana amfani da Helianthum don dasa lambun gonaki tare da kan iyakoki, da kuma cikin kwantena, don ado balconies, arbors da terraces.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai nau'i biyu na furanni helianthemum - mai sauki da kuma terry. Farkon farko kawai wata rana (daga alfijir har tsakar rana), amma tun lokacin da tsire-tsire ta fitar da sabon furanni da sababbin furanni, ana ganin ba'a katse flowering ba.
Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
Babban abokin gaba na sunflower - wani wuce haddi na danshi. Ba wai kawai game da ambaliya ba, har ma game da dusar ƙanƙara mai narkewar, saboda sakamakon ƙasa ne cikakke da ruwa, kuma tsire-tsire fara tsatsa da sukari. Aphids da thrips suna da haɗari sosai don sunadarai sunflower, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da kwari a jikin kwayoyin cuta. Magunguna masu cutar fuka-fuka suna da dangantaka da waterlogging.
