Nematodes su ne nau'i ƙididdigar microscopic, wanda bambancinta ya kai fiye da nau'in nau'in nau'in nematodes. Wasu samfurori ba su da lahani kuma suna rayuwa a cikin ƙasa, teku ko ruwa mai kyau, sauran sun jagoranci hanyar rayuwa, ta shafi dabbobi ko shuke-shuke.
Ƙarshen suna zaune a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ko kai tsaye a cikin kwayoyin shuka.
Ana haifar da sakamakon rayuwarsu cututtuka ɓangarorin tsire-tsire (daga asalinsu zuwa buds da ganye), bushewa da kuma wilting, da kuma samuwar abin da ake kira Gauls - "kwayoyi" marasa kyau ko ƙwaƙwalwa akan ganye, kasa, da dai sauransu.
Nematodes muhimmanci ƙwarai ya raunana shuke-shukeinhibit da ci gaba da rage rayuwarsu sake zagayowar. Idan tsutsotsi fara farawa a kan asalinsu, duk tsire-tsire yana shan azaba. Gaskiyar cewa balagar da aka samu a cikin gonar za a iya fahimta ta wurin kallon sassan shuka - ƙanshi mai tushe daga ganyayyaki, girma a kan ganye ko inuwa mai duhu daga tushen tsarin zai fada game da shi.
Gidajen sau da yawa ba za'a iya samun ceto ba idan kamuwa da cuta nematode ya riga ya fara. Mene ne matakan kulawa?
Yin amfani da abubuwa masu guba a cikin yanayi na cikin gida bai da tasiri sosai detrimental ga mutane da dabbobi.
Furen furanni sun fi kyau jefa.
Yadda za a magance wani nematode a gonar?
Kula farko rigakafin, don tabbatar da wani abu da ya faru da matakan nema a kan shafinta.
Zai zama mai kyau don zaɓar irin waɗannan tsire-tsire da zasu kasance kamar yadda barga ya yiwu ga nematodes.
Sau da yawa al'adu daban-daban ta hanyar yanayin juyawa, kula da matakin watering, kiyaye ƙasa a cikin sanyi lokacin ba ma rigar, amfani da steam sterilization.
Fesa ya fita tare da ruwa ba fiye da shida ba da maraicedon su iya bushe kafin dare. A lokacin rani, tabbatar cewa tsire-tsire suna da isa ga hasken rana - ultraviolet lalacewa ga mafi yawan cututtuka.
Hanyar yin yaki
Cutar da matakan nematodes ya dace hanyoyi masu shiryarwa. Mafi yawan wadanda ke fama da wannan tsutsotsi suna da fure iri iri kamar tulips, hyacinths ko carnations. Don hana yaduwar kwayoyin cutar, kawar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da tushensu kuma ƙone su.
Mafi kyau ga kwararan fitila m magani sosai: ajiye su a cikin ruwan zafi don akalla minti 10-15, to, ku tsabta kuma ku bushe kafin dasa. Dole ne kuma a wanke kwari da wasu kwantena a cikin ruwan zãfin.
Alal misali, ƙanshi mai ƙanshi na kananan marigolds yana da ban sha'awa ga nematodes, kuma tushen tsarin rudbeckia, gaillardia ko coreopsis tsorata tsutsotsi abubuwa na musamman.
Wasu tsire-tsire iri iri suna da nau'o'i na jiki ko ƙananan growths a kan tushensu, wanda ya zama nau'in ajiya don abubuwan gina jiki. Zai fi kyau a tabbatar cewa waɗannan ba gajerun da nematodes ya bari ba domin kada su lalata shuke-shuke mai kyau. Alal misali chlorophytum ko arrowroot.
Yadda za a rabu da shi a cikin ƙasa?
Yaya za a rabu da kayan da ke cikin ƙasa? Tsutsotsi na tushen, wanda zai haifar da ganyayyaki ko launin ruwan kasa a kan rhizomes na tsire-tsire, kuma za'a iya sarrafa su ta hanyoyi masu guba. Lokacin da shuka shuki (musamman ma masu tsayuwa da tsire-tsire), amfani kawai kayan aikin kayan aikin sanitized.
Kada ku dasa tsire-tsire taron tarurruka, yana da kyau a sanya kowane daji a cikin tukunya don takaice mai mahimmanci.
Warm ko tillage zafi tururi ba kasa da minti 40 ba.
Kowane shuka ya kamata a bincika ga wani cututtuka ko hauka.
Dole ne a wanke rhizomes na sabuwar ƙwayar da aka samu da hagu na minti 15 zuwa bayani na musamman.
Zaka iya amfani da wannan manufa ta hanyar 0.5% fosdrin ko 0.5% bayani mai magani parathion. A ƙarshen hanya, sake wanke tushen, bari su bushe kuma su dasa shuka a cikin sabuwar ƙasa.
Mafi yawan shuke-shuken da aka fallasa su zuwa tsaunuka suna zama aloe, cacti da mazaunan greenhouse. Suna buƙatar kulawa da kulawa da kuma kariya na yau da kullum don kare kariya daga nematodes.
Yaya za a magance matakan dankalin turawa?
Idan an samo nematode dankalin turawa - yadda za'a magance shi?
Mene ne hanyoyin da ake magance su? Daga cikin sunadarai da aka halatta don amfani a yankin ƙasar Rasha an tsara su percalcite (inganta). Yana da tasiri a kan qwai da kuma mutane na imago. Hati guda kafin dasa shuki dankali a cikin nauyin 200-300 g / cm2 zuwa zurfin 10-15 cm karkashin ƙasa an gabatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Wani maganin ganyayyakin dankalin turawa na zinariya nematode carbamide (urea). Don ƙarin sakamako, yana da mafi kyau ga amfani da 100 g / m2, wata daya kafin dasa shuki.
Tsarin kariya
Kuna iya inganta ingantaccen kayan ingancin ƙasa saboda mulching. Pre-hay an dauke shi mai kyau don ciyar da kwayoyin halitta masu amfani wanda zai kare rhizomes daga baya daga kwayoyin nematodes da sauran kwari. Dole ne ciyawa na ciyawa zai zama kimanin 10 cm.
Mulching tare da turɓaya hay don magance dankalin turawa, nematode - photo:
Kamar yadda yake a cikin lambun ko shuke-shuke na cikin gida, kowane kayan aiki kamar gurasar yana buƙata a sarrafa shi disinfectant mafita (formalin).
Da manufa precursor ga dankali ne hatsin raiwanda yake daidai ya hana damuwa. Har ila yau, a shafin yanar gizon da aka kamu da cutar da kuma ya kamata a kara girma hunturu hatsin rai, saboda haka ta ta da tsakiyar cibiyar yaduwar cutar.
Alternate dasa dankalin turawa iri sabõda haka, yanayin nematode-resistant iri a cikin 'yan shekaru. m. Wannan zai hana kayyadaddun abubuwa daga yin amfani da su ko ci gaba. Zai fi kyau takin kasar gona. itace ash ko granular phosphate.
Game da matakan tsaro, ba za a bar ba tare da wani dankalin turawa ba, za ka koya daga wannan bidiyo:
Hanyar da shirye-shirye
Yadda za a samu nematode? Akwai taro na tsari da kuma tuntuɓar ƙwayoyin da ake nufi da tsire-tsire. Samun hanyoyi suna da mahimmanci. mercaptophos, lindaneda methyl bromide, chloropicrin, karbar biya kuma organophosphorus mahadi.
Tsarin shirye-shiryen shiga jiki ta jikin jikin ta wurin tushen da kuma riga ta cikin ganye da kuma magungunan guba. Organophosphate mahadi (phosphamide, karbofos, methylmercaptophos) fesa a kan bishiyoyin bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi masu 'ya'yan itace don kawo ganye da kuma ƙaddara abubuwa marasa amfani.
Phosphamide - Wani abu mai hatsari ga mutane da dabbobi, amma ya zama mai guba don kwari masu kwari. Yana da tasiri a kan dukkanin gonar lambu ko aphids, kazalika da roundworms. Kwayoyin bishiyoyi kamar apples and pears suna fesa tare da kashi 0.1% ko 0.2% tare da lissafin 0.8-4.0 kg a kowace hectare, 0.8-3.0 kg ya isa ga cherries da plums. Tsarin aiki dole ne a daina wata daya kafin girbi. Masana kar a bayar da shawarar spraying kusa da ganye, kayan lambu da berries.
Wani magani ne BAK "Kungiyar", halayyar yanayi da lafiya, kare shuke-shuke daga cututtuka daban-daban, ciki har da nematodes. Ana amfani dashi a ƙasa kuma yana da mummunar tasiri a kan qwai da tsutsotsi girma. Tsawancin sakamako shine 3-9 makonni. Za a iya jiƙa da tsaba kafin dasa shuki ko yadar da tsire-tsire tare da bayani 1% na "Ecogel".
Drug "Nematophagin BT" bisa ga damun fungi da kuma saka a cikin ƙasa (zuwa zurfin 15-20 cm).
Ya cikakken aminci idan aka kwatanta da shirye-shirye na sinadaran, da kuma mycelium na naman gwari nematodes sun kashe tsutsotsi bayan kwana daya kawai.
Yin gwagwarmaya ana iya aiwatar da shi tare da taimakon magunguna "Fitoverm". An samar da shi a cikin nau'i na 0.2% foda, kuma, a kan aikin da aka yi akan nematodes da larvae, ya hana su damar iya cin abinci kullum. Ana kawo shi cikin ƙasa a karkashin tsire-tsire masu kamuwa.
Idan ka bi shawarwari don tsabtace tsabta da hadi na ƙasa, gudanar da jiyya na zafi na ƙasa, asalinsu da tsaba, zaka iya tabbatar da shuka daga yaduwar nematodes. Farin shuke-shuke da suka fi so high rigakafisanya kusa masu kare shuka (marigolds, hatsin rai) don tsoratar da tsutsotsi.
