Cultivar Lebedyanskaya yana da kyakkyawar yawan amfanin ƙasa - har zuwa kilo 7 na 'ya'yan itace daga itace. 'Ya'yan itace suna kama da siffar zukatansu.
Yana da jagoran duniya. Tree yana da tsawo, kai mita 3.0-3.5. Propagated by budding.
Bugu da ari a cikin labarin za ku karanta bayanin Lebedyanskaya iri-iri, za ku ga yadda wannan ceri alama.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
An ba da nau'in iri-iri a Cibiyar Nazarin Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwanci ta All-Russian wanda ake kira IV Michurin (VNIIS).
Taimako VNIIS - Cibiyar fasaha ta sadaukar da kai ga nazarin kimiyya a cikin noma.
Dessert Morozova, Morozovka da Uralskaya Rubinovaya an haife su a wannan tsarin.
Babban mahimmanci: rarraba bishiyar bishiyoyi da zabin sabon siffofin shuke-shuke, tsayayyar cutar da ilimin halitta, namo da kuma haifar da cututtuka don dasa shuki, sarrafawa, hanyoyin fasaha na girma bishiyoyi, ajiyar ajiya na 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Cibiyar ta zartar da samfurin gyare-gyare da kuma samar da samfurori na kayan ado na yanayi. A cikin nazarin iri shine aikin sarrafawa na tafiyar matakai. Ƙungiyar ta aiwatar da ayyuka na yau da kullum daban daban.
Ci gaban Jami'ar sun sami karbuwa a tsakanin masu sana'a da masu lambu.
Sunan Latin: Cerasus. Grade marubucin: Т.В. Morozov.
An samo itace a cikin 1990 daga kasusuwa da ƙwayoyi irin su Vladimirskaya. A cikin ci gaban girma, ana bi da nauyin da maganin mutagen EC.
Yana tsira da kyau a tsakiya da kudancin kudancin Rasha, Ukraine da Belarus.
Bred musamman ga yankin Black Earth. Raba a Michurinsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Pavlovsk.
Harshen leken Lebedyanskaya
Yi la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Tree
An duba itacen ƙaya da sauri girma, saboda saboda shekara ta kai mita. Shin girma girma - har zuwa 3.0-3.5 mita. Daidaita a girma tare da wannan iri-iri plum Volga kyau, pears Hera da Victoria.
Yana buƙatar kambi na pruning masu sana'a. Crohn shuka a cikin nau'i na dala. Ganyayyaki suna da haske.
Bark a kan manyan rassan da gajeren boles yana da chestnut tint. Ƙunƙasa na duhu inuwa mai duhu, mai girma cikin girman, tare da ƙananan kayan lebur.
Koda babban, wanda aka kera a cikin siffar, dan kadan ya ɓata daga rassan. A launi yana da manyan, m-zagaye tare da duhu Emerald inuwa. Yana da haskaka bicuspid jita-jita da ɗaki, mai sauƙi. Downiness ba ya nan.
Chereshki ganye suna da anthocyanin inuwa. Weight da elongation na matsakaici sized petioles. A ƙarshen launin launi akwai kananan ƙananan ƙarfe a cikin adadin 1-2. Launi gland burgundy.
Fusoshin leaf elongated a siffar da rauni dissection. Fall a kashe marigayi. Fruiting yana faruwa a kan bouquet na 'ya'yan itace stalks.
'Ya'yan itacen
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne na matsakaici, a nauyi daga 3.0 zuwa 4.5 grams. Rossoshanskaya, Ashinskaya steppe da Molodezhnaya na iya yin fariya da girman girman berries. Yawan 'ya'yan itacen yana yaduwa tare da ƙananan ƙananan zuciya a ƙuriyar ceri. Kuma an nuna kasa. Saboda wannan, suna kama da siffar zukatansu.
Yi kananan ƙananan ciki. Sanya yana elongated tare da sauƙi rabuwa da 'ya'yan itace daga rassan. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmaron ba tare da manyan maki ba.
Lokacin da cikakken tsufa - kusan baki. Bone a cikin berries ne matsakaici a size.
Tsarin yana zagaye, baya haifar da cututtuka cikin baki. Sakamako na musamman daga ainihin. Pulp cherries dark burgundy hue.
Very m, m, tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai yawa. A ruwan 'ya'yan itace na berries ne duhu ja-burgundy. Abin dandano yana da dadi, tare da kadan. Mafi kyau ruwan 'ya'yan itace kuma samu daga iri Zhukovskaya, Lyubskaya da Malinovka.
Cherry Lebedyanskaya - bayanin irin abubuwan da suka hada da sinadarai:
| Haɗuwa | Quiche |
|---|---|
| Sugar | daga 11.0% zuwa 11.64% |
| Acids | daga 1.0% zuwa 1.37% |
| Ascorbic acid | daga 34.0 zuwa 34.66 MG da 100 g |
Hotuna
Nau'in iri-iri
Na gode babban abun ciki na sukari, ana nuna darajar a matsayin kayan zane. Yana da jagoran duniya. Ya sauki sakewa. Anyi dadi, kissel, compotes, tinctures da kayan juyayi masu hankali daga Lebedyanskaya cherry berries.
Dattiya zai iya zama iri da ba kawai cherries, amma kuma apple itatuwa tare da pears. Alal misali, Dessert Petrova, Dessert Rossoshanskaya da Moskvichka.
Flowering Lebedyanskaya cherry faruwa a cikin makonni biyu a ranar 20th May. Flowers tare da ruwan hoda-farin inuwa. Fure-fure na furanni ne masu tasowa. Stamens suna samuwa a kasa da stigma na pistil.
Wannan ceri iri-iri yana da m. Amma yayin amfani da masu binciken pollinators, yawan amfanin ƙasa suna inganta sosai.
Don "Lebedyanskaya" cherries, mafi kyau pollinators suna dauke su zama: "Vladimirskaya" ceri, resistant frost-resistant, high-samar da Zhukovskaya da Turgenevka resistant fari.
Girbi yana faruwa a shekaru 4 ko 5 bayan dasa. yankan. Lokacin ripening berries shine matsakaici, ya kai cikakken balaga. a karo na biyu na Yuli. Sakamako na cin abinci daya lokaci. Yawan aiki yana da tsawo.
Ɗaya daga cikin bishiyoyi ya bada 6.5 zuwa 7,0 kilo na berries. Daga kadada daya daga ƙasa yana tattara daga 60 zuwa 80 quintals. Ya dace da gyaran kayan girke-girke.
Hanyoyin iri iri masu yawa sun kasance cikin Minx, Chernokorka da Karim.
Gwaji m transportability a kan nisa da nesa da fasaha masu kyau na berries.
Cherry Lebedyanskaya yana da Kyakkyawan kulawa da fari. Cherry hardiness ne mai kyau. Hardiness na launin launi ba shi da kyau kawai a yankunan arewacin kasar.
Kyakkyawan hunturu hardiness bayyana iri Tamaris, Zhivitsa da Tsarevna.
Dasa da kulawa
- Landing wuri
A pruning na itace ne yake aikata irin wannan tare da saba Turgenevka da Zhukovskaya cherries. Ana yin gyare-gyaren kafin bayyanar kodan. Dole ne ku bar rassan rassa 5 ko 6.
Nisa tsakanin su ya zama akalla 10 inimita. Sauran an cire ba tare da barin hagu ba. An raunana raunuka na bishiya tare da filin farar lambu.
Don dasa bishiyoyi ya kamata a zaba wuri tare da fassarar kyakkyawan hasken rana. An sanya ƙasa daga gefen kudancin gine-ginen. Zai fi kyau shuka tare da shinge, inda mummunan microclimate ya kasance.
Shafin da aka zaɓa ya kamata ya kasance tare da yiwuwar tarawa mai yawa daga dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu. Snow yana kare shuka kuma baya yarda da shi daskare a lokacin hunturu. Yana ƙaunar loamy ƙasa.
- Ana shirya don saukowa
Kyakkyawan mayar da martani ga bait da wadata cikin ƙasa bitamin. Zai fi kyau ka zabi ƙasa tare da numfashi na ƙwarai.Landing site ba kamata kusa da ruwa.. Wajibi ne don tafasa ƙasa.
Lokacin da sayen sautin iri, dole ne a kunshi tushen tushensa a ganga ko kaya kuma a saka shi a hankali a cikin fim din hawa.
Dole ne a girbe bishiyoyi kuma su sami tushen tsarin. Sashe mafi girma na stalk Dole a yanka zuwa 55-70 centimetersWannan yana ba ka izini ka samar da wata shuka a kan mãkirci.
- Sake bugunta ta budding
Sake haifuwa yana faruwa tare da budding. Yana nuna kyau a kan tushen tushen clones daga bishiyoyi masu kyau na iri-iri Vladimirsky da kuma iri iri daban-daban.
Budding ciyarwa a cikin shekaru na biyu na Yuli. Lokaci: 14-21 days. 6-8 days kafin grafting, da kuka da itacen yana shayar da dumi ko dakin da zazzabi ruwa. Irin wannan hanya yana motsa ruwan ya kwarara. Ya kamata a rabu da haushi.
Kafin budding, dole ne a cire dukkan harbe kuma ya fita a yankin da ake yi wa rigakafi. An zaba Siffar tsawon lokaci, ta kai kimanin millimita 6-8. Dukkanin 'ya'yan itace akan irin wannan growths sune masu cin nama.
- Alurar riga kafi
A kan rootstock, yanke yanke haushi bishiya, santimita 3 da tsawo, kuma a tsakiya - ƙananan haɗuwa da haɗuwa.A cikin wannan hanya, tip ya ɓace, kuma an sanya sifa a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan.
Bisa ga girmansa, ya kamata ya dace daidai da yanke. Shafukan rigakafin da aka haɗa tare da filastik kunsa. An kori koda a bude. Bayan kwanaki 14-21 kana buƙatar duba lafiyar idanu.
Lokacin da gugawa da sauƙi, ya kamata a raba rassan ganye. Wannan yana nufin cewa koda ya sami nasarar zauna a ƙasa. Bayan kwanaki 30, an cire kayan hawan. A lokacin hunturu, ana kare shi daga sanyi. A farkon lokacin bazara, adadin daji ya kamata su kasance da santsi mai haske tare da toho mai tsabta.
Kyakkyawan mayar da martani ga bait da wadata cikin ƙasa bitamin. Zai fi kyau ka zabi ƙasa tare da numfashi na ƙwarai.
A kan rootstock, yanke yanke haushi bishiya, santimita 3 da tsawo, kuma a tsakiya - ƙananan haɗuwa da haɗuwa.Cututtuka da kwari
Gwaji Kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtukan fungal daban-daban.
Lebedyanskaya cherry iri-iri ba mai saukin kamuwa zuwa moniliosis, anthracnose, perforated spotting. Tsayayya ga coccomycosis shi ne matsakaici.
Podbelskaya, Pamyati Yenikeeva, Kharitonovskaya da Fairy suna da matukar damuwa ga coccomycosis.
Don maganin coccomicosis amfani Magungunan kwayar halitta "Fitosporin". Dole ne a ƙone dukan ƙwayoyin da aka cutar. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, kwayoyin cutar wakili na wannan cutar ta shafewa da kuma shekara mai zuwa za ta sake yin rashin lafiya.
Kammalawa A iri-iri yana da kyau yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daga kadada daya daga ƙasa suna girbi daga 'ya'yan itace 60 zuwa 80. Ya dace da girbi na atomatik.
Yana da kyau kwarai berries berries. 'Ya'yan itãcen margayi na burgundy, kama da siffar zukatansu. Bone a cikin berries ne matsakaici a size. Saboda babban abun ciki na sukari, ana amfani da iri iri a matsayin kayan aiki.
Yana da jagoran duniya. Sake haifuwa yana faruwa tare da budding. Yana da matukar juriya ga cututtukan fungal daban-daban. Tsayayya ga coccomycosis shi ne matsakaici. Bred musamman ga yankin Black Earth.
