Mene ne kogin begonia da yadda ake kula da ita a gida?

Begonias suna da kyau tare da masu lambu saboda bambancin su. Wani shahararren wakilin wannan irin shuka shi ne nau'in iri iri.

Fure saboda furen na flowering da leaf tsarin cikakke ne don ado gidan. Gwanin begonia yana wakiltar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.

Yana da kyau haske kore ganye tare da kadan sauka a gefuna. A gefen takarda suna ja ja.

Wannan labarin zai dubi yadda za'a kula da wannan shuka.

Bayanan Botanical da tarihin

Belaria collar (Begonia manicata) wani ganye ne mai suna. A Turai, ya zo a tsakiyar karni na 19 daga Mexico. Dole ne a zauna a cikin rassan gargajiya na wurare masu zafi cewa furen yana fitowa ne mai ban mamaki. Wannan iri-iri ne aka samu daga sarauta begonia. Fure tsaye a tsakanin wakilan sauran nau'o'in begonias a cikin cewa yana girma zuwa tsawo na mita 80-100. Ganye yana da tsawa. Ganye yana da m da babba, girman ya kai kimanin 50 cm.

Bayyanar da fasali

An rufe nauyin shinge na bakin ciki begonia tare da launin jan jawo. Hasken kore ganye suna kama da innabi, kuma karamin ƙasa yana bayyane a gefuna. A gefe na baya zaka iya ganin launin ja.

Ƙananan furanni mai launin furanni suna samuwa a ƙarshen peduncle, wanda aka bambanta da tsawonsa da kuma tawali'u. Fure-fure suna samar da goga wanda ake haɗawa da inflorescences. Suna tashi sama da ganye. Mafi yawa suna bayyana a cikin hunturu.

Hotuna

Nan gaba za ku ga hoto na wani kogi begonia:

Inda kuma yadda ake shuka shi?

Fiye da lokaci, ƙwanƙara begonias:

• nau'in ya ɓace;
• inflorescences da ganye zama karami;
• shrub decays.

Dole ne a sake gina shi kowace shekara 4. Maimakon tsohuwar shuka, an dasa shukin hatsi a cikin ƙasa mai tsabta. A yankunan kudancin, inda ƙasa ke warkewa sauri, za'a iya dasa tubers a cikin ƙasa. Amma duk guda ɗaya don dare suna buƙatar rufe su da fim.

Yana da muhimmanci! Gwanin begonia girma a bude ƙasa yana da wuya. Mafi sau da yawa dasa riga flowering seedlings. Don samun germinated ta tuber a cikin wani gilashi ko tukunya, sa'an nan kuma dasa shi a cikin gadon filawa.

Haske da wuri

A gida, kogin begonia zai iya rayuwa fiye da yadda aka tsara shekaru 3, idan ya kula da ita sosai kuma ƙirƙirar microclimate wanda yake kusa da na halitta.

Fure yana buƙatar wuri mai haske, amma don kauce wa hasken rana kai tsaye a can. A shuka ji m a kan kunkuntar windowsill. Kyakkyawan wurare don wurinta shi ne matsayi na musamman, wanda dole ne a sanya shi daga masu zafi. Kyau mafi kyau shine yankin yamma da gabashin dakin, a cikin hunturu ana iya sanya fure a kudu. Tabbatacce ne kawai don gina allo. A cikin hunturu, inji yana buƙatar ƙarin haske.

A cikin bayyanar ganye, zaku iya tunanin nan da nan ba su da isasshen haske. Sun zama karami, fade da rasa kayan ado. Gwanin begonia ya yi kuskuren tafiya, sabili da haka ya kamata a saka shi a cikin wuri na dindindin.

Bukatun shara

Wannan flower yana buƙatar sako-sako da ƙasa. Zaka iya dafa shi da kanka ta haɗuwa guda uku na leafy earth kuma daya a lokaci guda:

• peat;
• ƙasa masara;
• humus;
• yashi.

Kulawa na gida

1. Bayan an shirya ƙasa, an zuba shi a cikin karamin tukunya. A cikin tukunyar wannan girman, tsarin tushen zai yi girma ba tare da bata lokaci ba, saboda haka ruwa mai wuce haddi zai gudana sauri. Zai kuma shafi rinjayar ganye. Furen ya haifar da mummunan ruwa, yana buƙatar matsakaicin watering.

   A lokacin rani suna ruwa lokacin da saman saman ƙasa ya bushe. A cikin hunturu, wajibi ne don tsaftace injin kawai don kiyaye ƙasa kadan.

2. Gwanin begonia yana ƙaunar dakunan sanyi, don haka iska a cikinsu yana da zafi a cikin iyakar 50-70%. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa manyan ganye suna da babban yanki na evaporation, kuma tushen tsarin bazai iya ramawa ga lalataccen danshi ba.

   Don ƙirƙirar zafi mai buƙatar, an bada shawara a saka ganga tare da ruwa kusa da tukunya. A cikin watanni masu zafi, zaku iya feshi wuri a kusa da begonia, ba za ku iya fallasa kai tsaye a kan fure ba don hana ƙurar ganye.

3. Mafi yawan zafin jiki wanda begonia zai yi girma shine 16-20 ° C. Tsarin al'ada na wannan shuka ba zai yiwu bane ba tare da abubuwan da aka gano ba da kayan abinci. A lokacin girma kakar, flower ya kamata a ciyar da takin gargajiya na musamman da aka nufi don ado da katako begonias. An bambanta su ta hanyar daidaitattun daidaito da kuma kasancewa da nitrogen a cikinsu, wanda ke taimakawa wajen bunkasa shuka da kyau na ganye.
4. Lokacin farawa don ciyarwa, dole ne a tuna da cewa don ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararriya an shawarce shi don yin maganin matsalar gina jiki sau biyu fiye da yadda aka nuna a cikin umarnin. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a lokaci ɗaya tare da ruwa ko sa'a daya bayan an shuka shuka, saboda shigarwa da kayan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa mai yumɓu yana faruwa da sauri.

   Kada ka bari bayani ya fadi a kan ganye, zai iya haifar da ƙonawa kuma kara faduwa. An haramta yin amfani da takin mai magani a kan furen da ba'a da ƙarewa.

   Yana da muhimmanci! Ba'a shawarci masu shuka gonar su ciyar da kogon begonia a yanayin zafi ba. Lokacin mafi kyau shine maraice da damuwa rana.

5. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna tsunduma a cikin bazara kafin ta fara farawa. Kafin farkon farawar ci gaba, wanda zai fara a Fabrairu-Maris, dole ne a yi amfani da magungunan begonias, aika sabbin harbe zuwa tushen. Godiya ga wannan manipulation, injin zai samar da kyawawan kambi, kuma kananan ƙananan zasu fara girma da girma.

Cututtuka na kowa da kwari

Kogin begonia yana iya jawo wasu cututtuka. Yawanci sun bayyana ne saboda cin zarafin microclimate.

1. Daya daga cikin cututtuka shine faty mildew, wanda ya bayyana a sakamakon rashin samun iska da matsanancin zafi.
2. Idan dakin yana a kai a kai akai yawan zazzabi da wuce haddi, zai iya haifar da bayyanar launin toka.

   A wannan cuta yana shafar:

   • Tushen;
   • bar;
   • stalk.

   Matsalar kashe-kashe da kuma matakan tsaro zasu taimaka wajen warkar da wadannan cututtuka.wanda ya hada da:

   • sassauta ƙasa;
   • dace watering da airing;
   • haske mafi kyau;
   • dadi da zazzabi da zafi.
3. Kwararrun kwari suna shiga dakin da furanni, ƙasa. A cikin rani na watanni, aphids na iya kai farmaki ga kogon begonia.
4. Idan iska a cikin dakin ya bushe, to, flower zai iya kai hari ga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Don kada wannan ya faru, kana buƙatar tsaftace shuka daga datti da ƙura.

Hanyoyin kiwo

1. Hanyar ƙwayar kayan lambu mai siffar ƙwayoyi mai sauƙi. Don wannan wajibi ne don raba kananan cuttings tare da nau'i uku ko hudu daga ɗayan balagagge. Zaka iya ɗaukar ƙwayar cuta guda ɗaya ko ƙananan matakai, a cikin ruwa don samar da asalinsu. Bayan tushen sun yi girma zuwa 3-5 cm, dole a dasa fure a cikin matin. A cikin tukunya tare da ramuka, ƙwallon da aka sare begonia an dasa shi a cikin watan Janairu. An dasa shi sosai a hankali, shayar da kuma sanya shi cikin wuri mai haske, mai haske.
2. Akwai wata hanyar haifuwa - ta rarraba rhizome. An yi a lokacin dasawa ko dasa. Shirya ƙasa a gaba da shuka ɓangare na tushen a can. An sanya akwati a cikin daki inda zazzabi yayi 20-24 ° C. Bayan kwanaki 14 za ka iya ganin kananan ƙananan ƙananan da suke buƙatar a canza su zuwa wuri na dindindin.

Gwanin begonia shine kyakkyawan fure mai ban sha'awa. Yana daidaita da yanayin rayuwa a cikin ɗakin. Duk da haka, yana buƙatar kulawa mai kulawa da hankali.