Maranta tricolor mai ban sha'awa ne a tsakanin masu shuka furanni. Domin kulawa da girma a gida, kana buƙatar sanin ka'idodin kulawa da shi, da hanyoyi na haifa da sauran ƙwarewa. Duk wannan zaka koya daga labarinmu.
Bayani da halaye na tsire-tsire na cikin gida
Ƙasar ƙasar arrowroot tricolor shine Brazil. An sanya fure a cikin daraja ga likitan Venetian da mai bautar gumaka Bartolomeo Maranta. Wasu alamu sun danganta da wannan furen, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yawancin masu shuka furanni suna kira shi mahajjata ko sallar addu'a. Wannan sunan ya bayyana ne saboda siffar sabon abu na ganyen shuka, wanda yayi kama da hannayen hannu a cikin sallah. 
Gumakan arrowroot suna da launi daban-daban daga ciki da waje, sakamakon abin da shuka ya canza launi a rana da kuma daren. Tsarin gida na arrowroot tricolor, ko fascinator, yana da halaye masu zuwa:
- low shuka - 20-25 cm;
- yana da tushe a cikin hanyar tuber;
- bar pubescent, lanceolate, 12 cm tsawo;
- launi launin kore ne ko kore duhu, an rufe su a gefen sama tare da ja, kuma a kan ƙananan gefen tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda;
- inflorescence spiciform, lalac launi.
Shin kuna sani? Maranta tricolor shine tushen sitaci, ana amfani dashi don dalilai na gida cikin yankuna na wurare masu zafi na Afirka.
Yanayi don girma a gida
Don girma wannan furanni a gida, kana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dadi don kiyayewa. Don yin wannan, kana buƙatar sanin abin da zazzabi da zafi da shuka za a iya girma kuma daga wane gefe na gidan yana da kyau a sanya fure.
Yanayi da haske
Zai fi kyau a sanya arrowroot kusa da wasu furanni a yamma ko gabashin dakin, mafi dacewa a cikin inuwa mai duhu, saboda fure za a iya ƙone daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan ka sanya shuka a arewacin dakin, to lallai zai fuskanci rashin haske, saboda launin launi zai rasa haske. 
Zai yiwu a motsa wani furanni tare da furanni zuwa arewacin ɗakin a cikin hunturu, a lokaci guda yana da muhimmanci don amfani da hasken ƙarin tare da taimakon hasken fitilu. A karkashin haske na wucin gadi, furen ya zama kimanin sa'o'i 16 a rana. Maranta tricolor yana da wuya a cikin Apartments, amma idan ka kirkiro dukkan yanayin da ake bukata, za ka iya cimma nasararta.
Air zazzabi da zafi
Maranta wata shuka ce mai zafi, saboda haka a lokacin rani zazzabi zai zama + 20 ... + 25 ° C. A cikin lokacin hutu, wanda zai fara a cikin fall kuma ya kasance har zuwa karshen hunturu, dole a cire fure a wuri mai sanyi. Saboda wannan, zafin jiki ya rage zuwa + 18 ... + 20 ° C.
Bugu da ƙari ga overheating, inji yana cikin haɗari:
- rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 10 ° C;
- gaban zane;
- sauya canji a cikin zafin jiki.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin rani, ana iya rataye furen a cikin ɗakin fure a kan titi, a cikin wuri inda babu fassarar.Maranta tricolor ya fi son zafi, wanda ya kamata ya zama 55-60%, don haka a cikin shekara ta dole ne a yada furen ta yau da kullum tare da kwalba mai laushi. Tare da matsanancin zafi, magungunan ganye sukan fara bushe. Don kauce wa wannan, dole ne a sanya tukunya da shuka kusa da akwatin kifaye ko tanki na ruwa.
Kulawa na gida
Lokacin da girma wannan flower, yana da muhimmanci ba kawai dacewa ba, amma kuma kara kula. Don yin wannan, wajibi ne don aiwatar da irin waɗannan hanyoyin kamar ban ruwa, hadi, pruning, dasawa. 
Watering dokoki
Tun da arrowroot yayi kama da zafi mai zafi, kana buƙatar ruwa da shi sau da yawa. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da ruwa mai tsabta, wanda yawancin zafin jiki ya zama akalla + 15 ° C. A lokacin rani, ana bukatar shayar da shuka a kowace rana domin kasar gona ta bushe. A cikin hunturu, an rage gurasar kuma ana gudanar da kowane kwana 3. Ana gudanar da watering kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin tushen, kuma da zarar ruwa ya gudana a cikin kwanon rufi, dole ne a zubar da shi nan da nan don kaucewa juyawa daga tushen.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ci gaban arrowroot yana raguwa idan an ajiye shi a cikin wani dakin sanyi mai zafi. A wannan yanayin, akwai yiwuwar canzawa daga tushen, wanda abincin zai iya mutuwa.
Top dressing
Don takin gargajiya yana amfani da takin mai magani. Podkramlivayut flower a lokacin girma kakar sau 2 a wata, a cikin fall kana bukatar ka rage taki zuwa 1 lokaci a kowace wata. Yayinda za'a iya amfani da takin mai magani da kuma ma'adinai (dole ne a zabi):
- bayani na mullein, tsuntsaye da droppings da potassium humate (1: 1: 1);
- "Aikin gona" ko "Kemira wagon" (amfani bisa ga umarnin).
Pruning
Trimming an dasa furen don samar da daji, kazalika idan akwai buƙatar ta. Ana bada shawara don aiwatar da wannan tsari sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu, a lokaci guda kawai rassan rassan suna daɗa, wanda zai ba da damar sabon rassan su bayyana a tsakiyar flower. Tare da wannan hanya, injin ya zama mafi girma ra'ayi. A cikin bazara, za ka iya yanke dukkanin harbe, kuma bayan wata daya da rabi flower ba zai sake farfado ba, amma kuma ya sake dawowa.
Tashi
Buga arrowroot a cikin sabon akwati a cikin bazara. Kafin ka fara wannan tsari, kana buƙatar shirya furanni da ƙasa don canzawa. Umurnin mataki zuwa mataki:
- Ɗauki babban tukunyar filastik mai girma, amma ba mai zurfi ba (asalin furen ba zurfin zurfin ba, amma, akasin haka, kamar sarari).
- Cika kasa tare da malalewa na 5 cm (dutse mai laushi, pebbles ko yaduwar yumbura za'a iya amfani dashi).
- Shirya ƙasa. Zaka iya saya shi a cikin ɗakuna na musamman ko shirya shi da kanka, wanda kake buƙatar haɗuwa da humus, da peat da coniferous haushi a cikin wani rabo na 2: 1: 1, zaka iya ƙara sphagnum ko kogin yashi ga wannan abun da ke ciki.
- Yi amfani da ruwa a fili, cire shi daga cikin tukunya, cire shi tare da clod na duniya a cikin sabon akwati kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai yalwa, to, ku daidaita shi.
Bidiyo: arrowroot tricolor dashi
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi 4 na kiwo arrowroot tricolor:
- raga na daji;
- cuttings;
- tushen launi;
- ta amfani da tsaba.
Shin kuna sani? Maranta yana da kaddarorin masu amfani: yana taimakawa wadanda ke fama da rashin barci, kuma suna shawo kan mummunan makamashi a gida.
Raba daji
Rashin rarraba gandun daji shine hanyar da ta fi dacewa kuma mai sauƙi ta hanyar da zaka iya fadada arrowroot. Wannan hanya ba ta buƙatar ƙoƙarin da yawa kuma yana da sauki don yin aiki.
Umurnin mataki zuwa mataki:
- A lokacin dasawa, cire kayan lambu daga tukunya, raba rassansa zuwa kashi biyu, kowanne daga cikinsu ya kamata yayi girma da asali.
- Don aiwatar da cuts tare da murkushe itace gawayi, to, bushe.
- Shirya cakudawar ƙasa (abun da abun ciki ya kasance daidai da wanda aka yi amfani dashi a lokacin dasawa).
- Don dasa shuki kayan lambu a cikin tukunya, yayyafa da ƙasa, compacted.
- Zuba kan ruwa mai tsabta a zafin jiki mai dakin.
- Rufe saman tare da fim din abinci don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse.
- A kullum iska da ruwa da seedlings.
- Lokacin da sabon mai tushe tare da ganye ya bayyana, dole ne a cire fim ɗin. Ƙarin kula da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire iri ɗaya ne kamar furanni masu girma.
Cuttings
Bayan raba rassan daji tare da cuttings daukan wuri na biyu.
Umurnin mataki zuwa mataki:
- Yanke a tsakiyar bazara ko farkon kaka na harbe, tsawonsa zai zama minti 10. A lokaci guda ya kamata su zama 2-3 ganye da kuma 2 internodes.
- Sanya cuttings cikin ruwa. Domin kwanaki 7, tushen zai bayyana.
- Ƙarin tsarin saukowa daidai ne daidai lokacin da raba ramin.
Video: haifuwa daga arrowroot tricolor cuttings
Tushen iska
Sake yin amfani ta hanyar amfani da launi yana yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin fure mai girma. A lokacin rani da kaka akan kafa tushen, girma zuwa 15 cm a tsawon. Da farkon spring buds an kafa a kansu, daga abin da ganye daga baya Bloom. Lokacin da waɗannan kwasfa da 2-3 sun fita kuma wani ɓangare na tushen iska ya bayyana, dole ne a yanke su da kuma dasa su a cikin ƙasa. 
Tsaba
Wannan hanya ana amfani dashi sosai, saboda yana da karin lokaci. Domin yaduwar arrowroot daga zuriya, wajibi ne:
- Saya tsaba a cikin kantin kayan sana'a.
- Shirya ƙasa (abun da yake da shi ya zama daidai da abin da aka yi amfani dashi a lokacin dasawa).
- Cika da akwati tare da ƙasa mai laushi, yin kananan depressions, sanya tsaba a cikinsu.
- Zuba ruwan dumi a kanta, rufe akwati tare da fim din kayan abinci don haifar da sakamako na greenhouse.
- Sanya akwati a cikin daki inda zazzabi zazzabi zai kasance cikin + 16 ... + 18 ° C.
- A kullum iska da ruwa da seedlings.
- Bayan sprouts sun bayyana, cire fim ɗin.
- Da zaran tushen tsarin seedlings ya fi karfi, za ka iya maye gurbin su a cikin tukwane.
Ƙara koyo, yadda za'a ciyar da tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Cututtuka da kwari
Maranta ba shi da lafiya, kuma sau da yawa yana fama da rashin kulawa mara kyau. A lokaci guda akwai kwari da ke haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga shuka.
Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Gizo-gizo mite - ya bayyana a yanayin zafi. Babban bayyanar cututtuka na gizo-gizo mintuna ne a cikin ganyayyaki. Don halakar da kwaro na amfani da kwari, alal misali, miyagun ƙwayoyi "Actellic".
- Mealybug - alamar alama ta muni shine rawaya ko fadowa daga cikin ganyayyaki, kazalika da lalacewar su da alamun ƙwayar cuta. Don kaucewa kayan kwakwalwa, kana buƙatar bi da shuka tare da ruwa mai tsabta, sannan kuma yad da ƙasa tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Fitoverm".
- Thrips - ainihin alama shine bayyanar launin rawaya a kan ganye, da fadawarsu, da kuma girma a kan asalinsu. Don kawar da kwari, dole ne a aiwatar da shuka "Aktellik".
- Shchitovka - a gaban wannan kwaro a kan ganyayyaki suna nuna launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa, wanda hakan ya kara girman. Don magance magungunan amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Aktara".
Difficulties a girma
Yawancin masu shuka furanni waɗanda ba su san ka'idodin kulawa da arrowroot ba, zasu fuskanci matsalolin girma wannan furen.
Ka yi la'akari da matsalolin mafi yawan jama'a:
- Farin ganye - yana faruwa ne saboda rashin daidaituwa na flower: ƙananan zafin jiki da zafi, gaban samfurori.
- Dark spots a kan ganye - Wannan matsala ta taso saboda rashin ma'adanai a cikin ƙasa. Don kauce wa wannan matsala, kana buƙatar takin takin mai amfani.
- Twisted ganye - yana bayyana lokacin da rashin isasshen zafi da damshi.
- Sannu a hankali Drying daga cikin takardun ganye - dalilin shi ne babban abun ciki na gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, da kuma hasken wuta.
