Zaɓan wata sãniya, shayarwa na shayarwa sukan fi son Yaren mutanen Holland, don kyakkyawan dalili. Wadannan dabbobi zasu iya yin fariya a tsakanin sauran nau'in a lokaci daya ta hanyar da yawa: yawancin, yawan shekarun da rarraba. Saboda haka, shanu na kasar Holland sune mafi yawan shayar daji a yau, suna da fifiko ga yawan amfanin ƙasa na madara, kuma jinsin wannan nau'in yana samuwa a kusan dukkanin nau'in kiwo.
Tarihin asali
Na farko da aka ambata irin ya bayyana a karni na XVII a Netherlands (mafi mahimmanci a lardunan kudancin da arewacin Holland), wanda shine dalilin da yasa aka samo shi. 
Shekaru da yawa, daga waje na irin ya canza saboda kwarewa, kuma idan a baya akwai dabbobin da kundin tsarin mulki mai tausayi, kasusuwa masu rauni da tsokoki, to, yau shanu na kasar Holland suna da karfi da karfi.
Na gode da kyawawan jinsin, Burenok ya ba da mafi kyawun halaye na laye daga tsara zuwa tsara. An yi imanin cewa an yi amfani da su wajen haifar da yawancin irin kiwo, don haka yanzu kusan dukkanin shanu suna iya samun jinsin Holland.
Shin kuna sani? Kafin zuwan kudaden al'ada, shanu ne da yawa daga cikin ƙasashen da suka kasance "kudin". Yawan shanu sun ƙaddara dukiya da mutunci na mutum, darajar amarya da duk dukiyar dukiya.
Halin halayyar
Ma'aikatan Holland ba kawai sun bambanta da ƙididdiga masu yawa ba, amma suna da kyau.
Bayyanar jiki da jiki
Dabbobi na wannan nau'in suna da bayyanar bayyanar:
- kai: matsakaici girman, bushe, oblong;
- wuya: gajere, juya zuwa cikin madaidaiciya;
- kirji: Magana, zurfi da fadi:
- harka: hadin gwiwar juna, mai karfi da karfi;
- tsokoki: ci gaba;
- kashin baya: karfi;
- wata gabar jiki: gajeren, madaidaiciya;
- ulu: gajere da kuma na roba;
- kwat da wando: black da fari, motley (spotty);
- tsawo a withers: har zuwa 130-135 cm;
- udiri: babba, nau'i mai nau'i, tare da wuri mai kyau na ƙuƙwalwa da kuma tashar jiragen ruwa na fili.
Sakamakon halaye
Babban halayen nau'in nau'in ana auna su a madara mai madara da madara mai inganci, kazalika da naman fitar da nama da balaga:
- yawan amfanin ƙasa: 4000-5000 l / shekara;
- mai abun ciki: daga 4%;
- abun ciki na gina jiki: 3,3-3,5%;
- precocity: Zubar da mace zai iya zamawa daga watanni 14-18;
- Nauyin nauyi: Kg 850-900;
- Nauyin shanu: 540-560 kg;
- Nauyin maraƙi a lokacin haihuwa: 40 kg;
- riba mai karfin gaske: barga da azumi; a watanni 6, jariri na iya kimanin kilo 170;
- yanka nama: 51-53%, tare da ƙwarewa na musamman har zuwa 60%;
- nama mai kyau: high
Shin kuna sani? Yawan mutanen Holland Sneaker ana daukar su ne mai ɗaukar nauyin shayarwa don samar da madara - bayan na takwas maraƙi, yawan amfaninta ya karu zuwa lita 11,208 na madara a kowace shekara, yayin da kitsensa ba ya fada a kasa 4.1%!
Gwani da kuma fursunoni
Breed Amfanin:
- Precocity.
- Babban kayan samar da madara, wanda wasu nau'in kiwo ba za su yi alfahari ba.
- Babban yawan amfanin abincin samfurori.
- Babban haɓaka zuwa yanayi daban-daban.
Duk da haka, don kimanta duk amfanin da wannan nau'in zai iya zama ƙarƙashin dokokin kiyayewa da kulawa, wanda ya buƙaci Holland. Tare da kurakurai a abinci mai gina jiki, gyare-gyaren tsari da yanayin rashin haɗari, ƙimar da ake samu a madara da ake samu za a iya kiyayewa.Saboda bukatun da ake buƙata a kan yanayin, wannan nau'in ba zai iya zama manufa ba, kuma mafi yawan haske ne cewa makiyaya mai ladabi zai iya magance shi.
Kasancewa na ƙasashen Holland:
- Samun yarda ga cututtuka masu tsanani (tarin fuka, cutar sankarar bargo).
- Neman yanayi da kulawa.
- Hanyoyin da ba su dace ba ga danniya da tsoratarwa, wanda yakan haifar da raguwar samar da madara.
- Tsabta (da bukatar kulawa da hankali ga ƙaddara, da bukatar tsaftacewa da wanke dabba da kansa)
Dabbobin kiwo sun hada da Brown Latvian, Red Steppe, Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire, Yaroslavl.
Maintenance da kula
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, Yaren mutanen Holland suna da wuya a yanayin tsare da kulawa. Duk da haka, babu yanayin gaggawa da ake bukata.
Wasan wasa na rani
An san cewa shanu suna kula da yanayin zafi kadan, amma zafi yana rinjayar su sosai. Lokacin da yawan zazzabi ya kai 25 ° C, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya sauko. 
Saboda haka, a lokacin bazara, dole ne Hollandwoman ya samar da irin "letnik" tare da rufin da aka yi daga bene ko tayal, inda hasken rana ba zai fada ba, don haka dabba zai iya sauƙi.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin rani dole ne ku zama tasoshin giya da ruwa mai kyau!
Idan akwai bishiyoyi da ƙananan bishiyoyi a filin filin wasa na rani, zai taimaka wajen canza yanayin zafi sosai.
Yankin paddock don tafiya da kiwo da ya kamata ya isa ya sa yaron ya iya motsawa yayi tafiya kyauta. Tabbatar kula da shinge.
Shiryawa na sito
Girman ma'auni na yau da kullum sau da yawa 6x4 m, inda kimanin rabi na sararin samaniya aka sanya a kan saniya, sashi a kan ɗakin ajiya na maraƙi, kuma sauran wuri shine adana kayan abinci da ajiye kaya. Tsayin dakin ya zama kusan 2.5 m. Dakin ya kamata ya kasance mai tsabta ta thermal.
Dole a biya hankali mai kyau a ƙasa - ya kamata dumi, mai tsabta kuma mai sauƙin tsaftacewa. Dakin katako yana da dadi da dumi, amma bayan shekaru 4 ya zama maras amfani, don haka ana yin benaye a kan kayan aiki ko tubali. 
Ana yin kwanciya na kwanciya har zuwa 20 cm a matsayin kayan kwanciya ga sito.Zaka iya amfani da haɗin bambaro da peat a cikin rabo na 2: 1 - wannan zabin ya fi nasara da tsabta, saboda peat zai sha gases da fitsari. Dole ne a koyaushe ya bushe, in ba haka ba dabba zai ki yarda ya kwanta, wanda zai rage yawan amfanin madara da madara mai kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan bene yana da kankare ko tubali, dole ne ku rufe shi da litter!Babban wuri a cikin sito ne mai turbawa. Yankinsa na mutum mai girma yana kimanin mita 2.5. Gilashin ya kamata ya zama kimanin 100x80 cm cikin girman kusa da turken shanu.Ya kamata a danƙaɗa kashin da aka yi a cikin raguwa, kuma zane kanta ya kamata yayi kama da tarkon trapezium - wannan siffar yana tsabtace jirgi mai sauƙi.
Ana iya yin amfani da abinci na itace, karfe, simintin ƙarfe. Babbar abu shi ne cewa abu ne mai ladabi na yanayi.
Har ila yau, a cikin sito dole ne shan giya. Tun da masu Yaren mutanen Holland suna shanu da shanu tare da yawan samuwa, suna da matukar bukatar ruwa. Don samar da lita 1 na madara, saniya yana ciyarwa a kan lita 4 na ruwa - saboda haka, dabba na iya bukatar har zuwa lita 50-80 a kowace rana har ma fiye. 
Sabili da haka, mai shayarwa ya kamata ya zama ɗaki, kimanin lita 100-150.
Abubuwan masu shayarwa na iya zama daban-daban, amma dole ne ya dace da ka'idojin da suka dace: ƙarfin da ba mai guba ba. Bugu da ƙari, siffar mai shayarwa ya zama lafiya ga saniya, ba tare da gefen kaifi da sasanninta ba. Yawancin lokaci ana yin filastik kayan abinci mai gina jiki, kayan aiki, simintin ƙarfe, itace.
Yanayin tsarewa
Yanayi mafi kyau ga Yaren mutanen Holland a cikin sito:
- Zazzabi Wannan nau'in yana da matakan haɓaka masu girma, saboda haka shanu suna jurewa yanayin zafi da rashin zafi. Duk da haka, a cikin sito ya zama dole don kula da zafin jiki a matakin da ba kasa da 10 ° C. An sani cewa shanu suna jin daɗi kuma suna nuna yawan samuwa a yanayin zafi mai sanyi, don haka inganta alamar ma'aunin zafi da ke sama da 25-30 ° C shine wanda ba a so. A cikin hunturu, ba za a iya yin ɗakin ba, saboda dabba kanta tana samar da zafi mai yawa. Abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne cewa sito na da kyau mai tsabta.
- Haskewa Wannan lamari ne mai muhimmanci wanda zai shafi lafiyar, lafiyar da yawancin dabba. An tabbatar da cewa ta daidaita daidaiton haske zuwa aikin mafi kyau, zaka iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa ta 6-10%! A cikin sito kana bukatar shirya irin wannan tsarin hasken lantarki: 16/8, inda 16 hours ne haske, kuma 8 cikakken dare ne. Yana da muhimmanci mahimmanci a biye da irin wannan tsarin a cikin hunturu da kuma lokacin yanayi na sarari; a lokacin rani, hasken wuta ba zai taka muhimmiyar rawa ba. Farawa da ƙarshen ɗaukar hoto ya kamata a fada a karfe 4:30 na safe da 8:30 na yamma. Yawancin ya kamata ya zama 150-300 Lx, yayin da hasken ya kamata ya kasance kusa da mai ba da abinci da mai sha fiye da ɗakin ajiyar don hutawa. Da dare, ana iya haskaka sito tare da fitilar fitila tare da ƙarfin 10 Lx, tun lokacin da aka ƙaddara duhu cikin ɗakin.
- Humidity Ya kasance a cikin kewayon 50-85%.
- Samun iska. Aƙalla tsarin samun iska mafi sauki ya kasance a cikin sito, in ba haka ba zai zama dole a gudanar da iska a kai a kai. Dole ne kada a ɗebe iska mai tsabta, da ƙura, carbon dioxide, ammoniya. Duk waɗannan dalilai, da kuma matsananciyar zafi, ƙara yawan haɗari na ci gaba da cututtuka kuma mummunan haɓakar ƙwayar madara. Lokacin da kafa tsarin samun iska, ya zama dole a la'akari da dalilai masu yawa: girman yarn da tsawo na ɗakuna, yanayin musamman a yankin, kuma iska tana gudana a yankinku. Don karamin sito, ana samun saurin samun iska lokacin da aka yi amfani da iska ta cikin rufin kuma ana samar da iska mai sauƙi ta hanyar bude bango (kariya ta samfurin).
- Shirye-shiryen. Shakka, kada a yi wani zane a cikin sito. Musamman haɗari ga maraƙi zayyana. Don kaucewa zane a yanayin yanayin samun iska, dole ne a yi daidai da nazarin hanyar iska a ƙasa. Har ila yau, yana taimakawa rage dakatarwar iska da sake juyawa.
Tsaftacewa tsabtataccen ɗakin ajiya da kaya
A cikin sito, dole ne ku riƙa kula da tsabta kullum, wanda ya zama dole ya kasance mai tsabtace feces. A manyan kamfanoni don shayarwa, shakatawa mai yawan gaske ne ake sarrafawa, amma a cikin wani karamin gona don 1-2 mutane irin wannan sharar gida ba daidai ba ne.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata matan Holland su kiyaye su a cikin hanya, saboda waɗannan dabbobi suna da 'yanci-ƙauna - a kan leash, sun fuskanci damuwa mai tsanani, wanda yake da mummunan aiki ga yawan aiki.
Sabili da haka, ana cire yawancin feces a cikin wannan hanya: to magudana ruwa, gina wani tsanya a kusurwa zuwa fitowar. Ana iya katse shi tare da bambaro, don haka yana bukatar a tsabtace shi kamar yadda aka gurbata, amma akalla sau ɗaya a rana.
Cire taki kafin kowace milking (idan akwai irin wannan bukata). Don haka zaka iya amfani da kayan aikin da ke hannunka: takalma, cakula, fure, brooms.
Bedding ya kamata a maye gurbin sau ɗaya a wata. Idan fitsari da taki ba su kai shi ba, za a iya cika maye gurbin kowane lokaci. A wannan yanayin, ƙananan zafin jiki zai kara, samar da dabba da karin zafi a cikin hunturu. 
Game da masu wanke masu wankewa da masu sha - yana da mahimmanci don tsaftace su ta hanyar tsabtace datti da abinci. Gilashin giya ya kamata a wanke da kyau sosai tare da kowace canjin ruwa, wato, kullum.
Don wankewar rumbun da kaya, zaka iya amfani da wadannan cututtuka na zamani:
- Virucide, 0.5% bayani;
- Bromosept;
- Ecocide C.
Abin da za a ciyar
Ta hanyar tunani ta hanyar cin abinci da kuma ciyar da tsarin ƙasashen Yaren mutanen Netherlands Ya kamata a kusanci da nauyi mai girma. Bayan haka, ingancin abinci da daidaitattun abincin da ya shafi abinci madaidaiciya zai shafi nau'in samar da madara.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin canza abinci, sauyawa daga nau'in jinsuna zuwa wani, ko kuma lokacin sauyawa daga lokacin rani zuwa abincin hunturu, ƙimar yawan aiki zai yiwu har sai dabba ya saba da sababbin yanayi. Wannan al'ada.
Hutun kiwo a kan makiyaya
A lokacin rani, babban abinci ga dukan dabbobi shine kayan lambu. Suna da kusan kashi 80 cikin dari na abinci, amma ba su cika cikakken bukatun jiki don muhimman abubuwan gina jiki. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a kara kayan abinci mai sauƙi tare da m: dankali, gwoza (wajibi ne a bayar da waɗannan samfurori daban don kaucewa tsarin). 
Abincin ganyayyaki da kuma hada abinci ko aka cire gaba ɗaya daga abincin, ko an rage lambar su.
Abũbuwan amfãni daga fodder kore:
- Wadannan kayan abinci suna da kyau kuma suna jin dadi cikin dabbobi;
- suna da darajar cin abinci mai yawa;
- cika nauyin bitamin, amino acid, ma'adanai.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa a lokacin bazara da lokacin rani dabba yana da damar da za ta ci ciyawa mai cikewa, saboda lokacin da tsire-tsire ba su ci ba kawai dandano ba, har ma da darajar abincin jiki. Don ciyar da abinci, zaka iya amfani da ciyawa mai ganye ko ganye musamman don ciyar da dabbobi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsarin daga saurin rani zuwa wani hunturu daya kuma a madaidaiciya ya kamata a yi a hankali, in ba haka ba cuta mai narkewa, ƙetare matakan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma ƙara yawan karuwar mai madara zai iya faruwa.
Sun hada da:
- alfalfa
- Clover
- ciyawa Peas da wake.
Kowace rana, wani yaro ya ci har zuwa 70 kilogiram na fodder kore. 
Winter ciyar
Dalili akan rage cin abinci a cikin hunturu sune wadannan samfurori na samfurori:
- Hay (daga 50 zuwa 80%). Yana da tushen bitamin, ma'adanai, fiber, furotin.
- Haylage da silage (20%). Wannan rukuni na abinci shine tushen bitamin, fiber da furotin. Don abinci mai gina jiki da kuma abincin abincin abinci, hayling da silage an daidaita su zuwa fodder kore.
- Tushen kayan lambu da wasu kayan lambu (10-15%). Wadannan samfurori suna da ƙarfin gaske na samar da madara, sabili da haka yana da muhimmanci a hada su a cikin abincin. Yawancin lokaci, shanu suna cin irin waɗannan albarkatun gona: karas, sugar da table beets, dankali, zucchini, kabewa, watermelons.
- Ƙwayar ganyayyaki, abinci da ƙwarewa (30%). Wannan rukuni ya ƙunshi ba kawai hatsi (hatsi, alkama, legumes) ba, amma har cake, abincin, bran da gurasa gurasa.
Bincike kuma abin da ya kamata ya zama abincin da maraƙin, ƙananan shanu, shanu masu ƙuƙƙwalwa masu ciki, ƙananan bijimin.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da abinci sosai a lokaci guda sau uku a rana. Yawan shanu na Yamma sun yi mummunan canzawa ko kuma watsi da shi - duk da haka, kamar sauran shanu.
Ruwa da gishiri
Kada ka rage la'akari da muhimmancin ruwa a matakin yawan shanu kiwo. Kamar yadda muka riga muka ambata, yana da lita 4 na ruwa don samar da lita guda na madara, don haka rashin ruwa yana shafan yawancin madarar nan da nan, a wannan rana, wani lokaci yakan haifar da kashi 20 cikin 100 kawai na yau da kullum. 
Sabili da haka ana kirkiro lissafin ruwa kamar wannan shiri na cin abinci.
Adadin ruwan da ake amfani da shi zai rinjayi yanayi da yanayin yanayi, da fasali na abinci, saboda zasu iya ƙunsar daga 3 zuwa 90% na ruwa. Mai girma a kowace rana na iya buƙatar kimanin lita 60-100 na ruwa, dangane da dalilai masu aiki. Ruwa ya zama zafi zafi.
Har ila yau, ya kamata ku kula cewa saniyarku tana samun isasshen ma'adanai mai yawa a cikin gishiri.
Ya wajaba ga dabba don dalilai masu zuwa:
- synthesizes acid hydrochloric a ciki;
- Ya daidaita aikin aikin tsakiya na tsakiya, yana da alhakin ƙasusuwan lafiya da tsokoki;
- abun ciki na madara ya dogara da matakin gishiri;
- bayar da matakai na rayuwa a jiki;
- ne kwayoyin halitta.
Yawan gishiri ya kamata a ƙayyade shi sosai, a matsayin kasawa ko ragi zai iya zama haɗari. Don yin lissafin al'ada, zaka iya amfani da wannan tsari: 5 g na gishiri da kilo 100 na nauyi + 4 g na kowane lita.
Alal misali, saniya tana kimanin kilo 550, nauyin lita 12 na madara a kowace rana. Adadin yawan gishiri a cikin abinci: (5 * 5.5) + (4 * 12) = 75.5 g 
Don kaucewa rashin kuskure a cikin lissafin, yiwuwar wucewa ko rashi, zaka iya amfani da lickers gishiri na musamman. Saboda haka, dabba zai yi jagorancin kansa da yawan ƙarin kariyar cinyewa.
Shin kuna sani? Shanu suna jin lokacin da yanayi na rana daidai, sun fi son yin biyayya da shi, don haka lokacin jinkirin ko da rabin sa'a zai iya haifar da karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa na madara da kashi 5%.
Girma: Harshen shanu na Yaren mutanen Holland suna da amfani sosai, amma a lokaci guda wajen neman yanayin da ciyarwa. Yawanci sau da yawa ba a zaba don ɗaure takunkumi a kan mãkirci ba.
Ana sayo matan Holland a manyan gonaki da gonaki da yawa, tun da yake akan irin wannan sikelin ya fi sauki ga dabbobi su samar da yanayin da ake bukata. Amma idan kana da kwarewa mai girma da kwarewa wajen kiyaye nau'in kiwo, zaka iya kokarin kiyaye wannan nau'in a cikin yadi.
