Tsuntsaye daga ƙwaiyen duck: fasali na tsari, hankula kuskure farawa

Maciji na kaji sukan samo asali ne don samun sabon dangi tare da taimakon shiryawa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wasu raguna da dama sun rasa abincin jikinsu kuma ba su da ƙwai. A wasu lokuta, ana iya buƙatar haifuwa na ƙarni na sabon ƙarni, wanda zai yiwu a cikin wannan adadi mai yawa kawai a cikin yanayin wani incubator. A lokacin da kiwo da ducklings tare da incubator a gida, dole ne mu san wasu ka'idodin dokoki, bin abin da zai zama makullin ga dangi lafiya da mai yiwuwa.

Abubuwan:

• Dokokin don adana qwai
• Karin samfurin zane
• Shin ina bukatan wanke kafin kwanciya
• Gwaro da ƙwai
• Yanayin shiryawa na qwai duck: tebur
• Matsayi na ci gaban amfrayo yayin shiryawa
• Wani rana ne ducklings ya bayyana
• Kuskuren lokaci na sababbin newbies

Wace qwai ne ya dace da shiryawa

Tsarin shiryawa farawa da zaɓi na samfurori. Wannan lokaci ne mai mahimmanci, tun da yiwuwar 'ya'yan nan gaba ya dogara da ingancin qwai. Kuma kana buƙatar kulawa ba kawai ga bayyanar ba, har ma da tsarki na qwai, saboda qasasshen labaran zai haifar da haifar da kwayar cutar kwayar cuta, wanda zai iya yanka rabi na kananan garken.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kwan zuma wanda aka nufa don alamar shafi ya kamata ya zama cikakke - game da nauyin da aka yi daidai da kuma maras kyau ko tsabta, cikakke kuma tsabta.

Babban mahimman abubuwan da kake buƙatar kula da lokacin zaɓin:

• Nauyin nauyi - ƙwaiyen duck ne babba, girman su ya zama daga 75 zuwa 100 g;
• samfurin - ya kamata ya zama talakawa, wanda zai iya faɗi na al'ada, ba tare da lalata ba, ba elongated ba, ba zagaye ba kuma ba a gurbata ba;
• harsashi yana da tsabta, ba tare da lalata ba, mai santsi da kuma lokacin farin ciki, launi yana yawanci dan kadan tare da launi. Babbar abu shi ne cewa babu wani lahani a farfajiyar - ba kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba, ko ragi, ko fashewa ko lalata, ba tare da girma da nodules ba.

Dokokin don adana qwai

1. Za'a iya saka samfurori ne kawai a cikin incubator. Ana adana ajiya kawai don kwanaki 5 (watau mako), amma ba. Nau'in ajiya ne tayi na plywood, yanayin zafin jiki yana kusa da +12 ° C (yawan zafin jiki yana da +8 ° C), kuma zafi yana cikin 70%. Yi tunani game da samun iska mai kyau.
2. A lokacin ajiya, dole ne a juya qwai daga gefe zuwa gefe 90 ° sau da yawa a rana. Wannan zai kauce wa kawar da gwaiduwa a kowace hanya wanda zai hana amfrayo daga suma zuwa daya daga cikin sassan harsashi.
3. Yana da mahimmanci a wane matsayi don adana samfurin. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a sanya ƙananan ƙwaiyen duck a cikin hanyar da suke kallo tare da ƙarshen ƙarshen ɗakin, da kuma kaifi. Amma manyan mutane suna da shawarar da za a sanya su don su kasance cikin matsayi mai tsayi.
4. A kowane hali, ya fi kyau a saka ƙwai kamar yadda ya kamata a cikin incubator. Ana ba da shawara cewa gidan kiwon kaji za a tsaftace shi da maraice, da kulawa da hankali a kan nests don kada qwai ya gurɓata kuma kwayoyin ba za su iya zama a can ba. Amma da safe za ku iya fara tattarawa. Da kyau, za ku yi amfani da shi a kowace sa'a - a cikin wannan yanayin, cikakke tsabta, lafiya da cikakken sabbin samfurori zasu fada a cikin kwarjinku.

Karin samfurin zane

Ovoskopirovanie - abin da ake kira tsari na qwai-qwai masu qarfi a qarqashin haske - wani samfurin samfurin. Ovoskopirovaniya ba ka damar tabbatar da viability na amfrayo.

Koyi abin da samfurin samfurin yake da kuma yadda za a yi da kanka, da kuma, koyi yadda za a ba da qwai yadda ya kamata.

Wannan hanya kuma yana taimakawa wajen gano ƙananan lahani maras kyau - alal misali, ƙwayoyin microscopic, lahani a ƙarƙashin harsashi, wuri mai laushi ko gwaiduwa.

Hanyar wucewa shine hanyar da zai yiwu don ƙayyade yanayin yolk da furotin cikin ciki da kuma gane rashin daidaituwa da mahimman ayyuka na rarraba.

Alal misali, a karkashin ƙwayar translucent dole ne ya dace da wadannan bukatun:

• Gilashin ya kamata a kasance kawai a cikin cibiyar, ba tare da motsawa kaɗan ba;
• yolk ya kamata ya zama ba cikakke ba kuma ya tsaya a ciki na harsashi;
• Har ila yau, yolk ya kamata ba a rataya daga gefe zuwa gefen ba tare da wani kariya ga cibiyar ba;
• da sunadaran suna kallon gaba daya kuma basu da wani karin spots ko inclusions;
• Kamfanin iska ya kamata ya zama karami a girmansa kuma yana tsaye ne a gefe na ƙarshen ƙarshen ko kusa da shi;
• kada a yi duhu a cikin ciki;
• Kasancewar yolks guda biyu ba a yarda ba.

Idan kwai ya hadu da dukkan waɗannan ka'idojin kuma babu wani lalacewar waje ko lahani a ciki, to, an dauke shi mai yiwuwa ne kuma ya dace da shiryawa.

Shin ina bukatan wanke kafin kwanciya

A kan wannan fitowar, manoma masu yawa suna jayayya. Dalilin gardamar shi ne cewa ƙwaiyen ƙwai da kansu suna da datti, ba kamar kamun wasu tsuntsaye ba.

Koyi yadda za a wanke da kuma wanke qwai kafin kwanciya a cikin incubator kuma yadda za a kwantar da incubator yadda ya dace.

Bugu da ƙari, ducks kansu a lokacin hatching sau da yawa taba da kama tare da takalma rigar, kuma wannan ba zai tasiri ingancin zuriya.

Saboda haka, wasu manoma sunyi tunanin cewa wanke ɗakunan yana da amfani da kuma mahimmanci don kawar da gurbatawa da kwayoyin da za su yiwu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Don kauce wa asarar jarirai, ba a bada shawara don wanke qwai masu qwai ba kafin kwanciya a cikin incubator.

Duk da haka, a gaskiya ma, wannan hanya ba komai bane. Wanke qwai shine tsarin da ya karya microflora akan farfajiyar. A lokacin wanka, cuticle a farfajiya ya lalace, wanda hakan yana rinjayar da halayyar yara. Zai fi kyau a fara zaɓar samfurori mai tsabta. Cika wannan yanayin a kanta yana bayar da tabbacin cewa harsashi ya ƙunshi mafi yawan adadin kwayoyin cuta.

Duk da haka, duk da tsabta daga cikin qwai, har yanzu suna bukatar sauƙi, amma daddare cututtuka. Don yin wannan, sauƙaƙe kowane kwai a cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate na tsawon minti daya.

Duk gyaran dole ne a gudanar da shi sosai a hankali kuma a hankali, koda karamin ƙuƙwalwa ko ƙuƙwalwa a kan harsashi za ta shafi tasirin karshe.

Gwaro da ƙwai

Tsarin kwanciya samfurori a cikin incubator ya fara da ajiye na'urar a cikin dakin musamman. An bada shawarar cewa ba a kiyaye wasu wuraren kiwon kaji ko dabbobi a cikin ɗakin ba, wanda ya kamata a yi amfani da wannan dakin ne kawai don kiwo da ducklings. Babban mahimmancin wannan dakin shine zafi. Yakamata ya zama daidai daidai da gida da hanta.

Bayan haka, an shirya katako duck yana fara farawa da kansa a cikin incubator. Bincika samfurori don inganci, haskaka tare da kwayar cutar, bincika kowane millimeter na harsashi.

Har ila yau zai zama da amfani a gare ka ka koyon yadda za ka zabi ƙananan ƙwai don shiryawa, kazalika ka ga teburin don yada ƙwaiyen duck a gida da halaye na girma ducklings daga incubator.

Ƙarin ayyuka ya kamata kamar haka:

1. Kayan dabbar da zazzafa kafin kwanciya da samfurori na samfurori an riga an bugu da shi zuwa yanayin da ake buƙata.
2. Duk sassan kafin a sanya shi a cikin incubator an wanke shi da tsaftacewa.
3. Dole ne a saka akwati tare da ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi, wanda ya zama dole don rage ruwan sama da rike matakin da ake buƙata.
4. An samo samfurori da kayan haɓaka a cikin kwandon, suna ajiye shi a fili - wannan shine wuri mafi kyau ga ƙwaiyen duck. Kuma ko da yake sun kasance sun fi sararin samaniya a wannan hanyar, yana nufin cewa ƙananan ducks zai fito daga ɗaya daga cikin maɗaukaki, amma hatchability in ducks a wannan matsayi ya fi girma.
5. Na farko da za a sa na'ura na mafi yawan kwafi, bayan 4 hours - matsakaici da ƙananan.

Yanayin shiryawa na qwai duck: tebur

Bayan kwanciya da samfurori a cikin incubator, tsarin shiryawa zai fara. A cikin ducks, wannan lokacin yana da tsawo.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kana da wani mai haɗakarwa ta zamani tare da aiki na sarrafawa zafi, zafin jiki, wurare mai iska da kuma juya qwai, to, an kubutar da ku daga kusan dukkan matsalolin da ake haɗuwa da hawan ƙaya.

Duk wannan lokacin, dole ne ku kula da hankali kullum kuma ku lura da tsarin shiryawa kuma kuyi ayyuka masu dacewa:

1. A lokacin kwanciya a cikin incubator a cikin na'ura, zafin jiki ya dace da +38 ° C zafi. Dole ne a kiyaye wannan tsarin zafin jiki a cikin kwanaki 7 na farko, bayan haka an rage shi zuwa +37 ° C. Humidity a wannan lokaci yana da har zuwa 70%. Matsayin qwai a lokacin rana dole ne a canza akalla sau 4.
2. Duk sauran lokutan (daga 8 zuwa 25th incubation) ana kiyaye yawan zazzabi a +37.8 ° C. Juye qwai har zuwa sau 6 a rana, kuma an rage zafi zuwa 60%.
3. Daga 15 zuwa 25th day, samfurori a cikin incubator fara sanyi. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙwaiyen ƙwai suna da matsananciyar zafi, kuma, don haka ba su wucewa ba, a wannan lokaci, sau biyu a rana, kawai kuna buƙatar buɗe kofa na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kwashe ta kusan kimanin kashi huɗu na sa'a (kimanin minti 15-20).
4. A cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na incubation (daga 26 zuwa 28th), an saukar da zafin jiki zuwa +37.5 ° C, amma zafi ya karu zuwa 90%. A wannan lokaci, qwai ba'a juya ba kuma ba iska.
5. Tun daga 27 zuwa 29 ga watan 29, tsarin ƙwayar kiwo yana da. Kada a cire katako daga cikin kayan har sai sun bushe.

An nuna wannan tsari duka a cikin tebur.

Yana da muhimmanci! Don sarrafa tsarin shiryawa, lokaci-lokaci yana aiwatar da hanyar da ake yi na ovoscoping. Anyi amfani da shi a ranar 8th, 13th da 25th na lokacin shiryawa. Wadannan lokuttan da babu wani cigaba da aka lura ko kuma duk wani mummunan aiki da lahani da aka sani dole ne a cire shi daga na'ura.

Matsayi na ci gaban amfrayo yayin shiryawa

Yayin lokacin shiryawa, embryo duck yana wucewa 4 a cikin ci gabanta. Da yake la'akari da waɗannan matakai, ana daidaita yanayin da gwamnati ke ciki a cikin incubator.

1. Mataki na farko. Ya fara ne daga ranar farko na kwanciya da samfurori cikin na'ura kuma yana da sati daya. A wannan lokaci, amfrayo yana da lokaci ya yi girma zuwa 2 cm a tsawon. Yana da ƙuƙwalwar zuciya, ya kafa dukan gabobin ciki. Amfrayo a wannan lokacin yana fara buƙatar karin oxygen, kuma oxygen da ke ciki a cikin gwaiduwa ya zama kasa da shi. Amfanin iska yana farawa ta hanyar pores a cikin harsashi. A wannan lokacin, yana da mahimmanci don wanke qwai zuwa +38 ° C kuma ku ajiye su a matsanancin zafi har zuwa 70%.
2. Na biyu mataki Ya tashi don mako mai zuwa - daga 8 zuwa 14th incubation. Yanzu zafin jiki ya rage (zuwa +37.8 ° C), amma ya kamata a kara samun iska. Don yin wannan, za ka iya buɗe karin ramuka na samun iska a cikin incubator. A wannan lokaci akwai kwanciya na ƙwanƙolin gaba. A ƙarshen mataki na biyu, daga 15th rana, zaka iya fara kwantar da qwai. Wannan abun da ake buƙata don ruwa, saboda qwai suna dauke da mai yawa da ruwa mai yawa, amma saboda suna da matsanancin zafi. Yakin zafi a cikin qwai zasu iya kaiwa +42 ° C, kuma wannan zazzabi yana da damuwa da gaskiyar cewa embryos zai shafe. Don kauce wa wannan, dole ne a kara sanyaya samfurori. Don yin wannan, kawai bude kofar incubator na minti 20. A wannan lokaci, ba zai zama da komai ba don dan kadan ya yayyafa samfurori daga samfuri mai laushi tare da dumi, ruwan tsabta da ruwa mai tsabta, yawan zafin jiki wanda shine kusan +27 ° C.
3. Mataki na uku ya fara ne daga ranar 18th na ci gaban amfrayo. A wannan lokaci, ya kusan gama kammalawarsa. Yanzu ana bukatar rage yawan zafi a 60%. Hasken zafi a cikin qwai ya kai + 40 + +42 ° C, don haka kana buƙatar ci gaba da kwantar da hankali da kuma fesa su sau biyu a rana.
4. Mataki na hudu Lokacin shiryawa ya fara daga ranar 26th. Akwai janye kai tsaye daga ducklings. Tun da ɗakunan gwairan duck suna da wuya sosai kuma ducklings yana da wuya a dam, ana iya kara dan kadan. Don yin wannan, ya isa ya ƙara zafi a cikin incubator, don haka a wannan lokacin an ƙara zafi zuwa 90%.

Lokacin shiryawa ya ƙare tare da rufe ƙuda daga ƙwai.

Shin kuna sani? Ana iya ƙaddara kwai tare da amfrayo mai narkewa sosai: idan ka dauki irin wannan kwan a hannunka, zai kwantar da hankali, saboda qwai ba tare da amfrayo mai tasowa ba zai iya kiyaye yawan zafin jiki ba.

Wani rana ne ducklings ya bayyana

Daga ranar farko a cikin incubator har zuwa haifuwar kajin zuwa haske ya wuce daga kwanaki 26 zuwa 28. Yawancin lokaci, tsarin yadawa ya fara a ranar 26th kuma zai iya wuce kadan fiye da yini daya. Wasu 'yan marigayi suna iya sani kawai daga farkon ranar 29, amma ba daga baya ba.

Wadannan kwanakin sun danganta da nau'o'in duwatsu mafi yawa, duk da haka wasu nau'o'in na da tsayi. Alal misali, lokacin saukowa na duck musk yana daga kwanaki 33 zuwa 36.

Bincika siffofin incubating musamman duck qwai.

Daga lokacin da aka fara farawa, yana ɗaukar kimanin awa 24. Bugu da ƙari, a farkon alamun haɗakarwa, duk kayan samfurori an canjawa zuwa sassan kayan sarrafawa. An bar dakarun na cikin incubator na dan lokaci har sai sun bushe.

Kuma a sa'an nan a canja shi zuwa wani dakin musamman inda zazzabi zai kasance game da + 27-28 ° C.

Kuskuren lokaci na sababbin newbies

Duk da cewa shayarwar ducklings wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa, duk da haka wasu manoma naman magunguna sunyi kuskure, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa akwai mummunar maceccen ƙwayar mace ba wai kawai ƙwallon karan ba, har ma na embryos a lokacin lokacin shiryawa.

Kuskuren mafi yawancin sun hada da:

1. Yawancin lokacin ajiya na samfurori kafin kwanciya a cikin incubator. Bayan haka, ya fi tsayi da qwai qarya, ƙananan haɓakar su a karshen. Suna da yawa, sun rasa dukiyar su, don haka sakamakon samar da lafiyar kajin zai zama kawai 70-75%.
2. Rashin disinfection. Duck kwanciya ne mai saukin kamuwa zuwa kamuwa da cuta ta daban-daban fungi, mold da kwayoyin, alal misali, salmonella. Bayan hatching, ƙwajin za su yi rashin lafiya kuma marasa lafiya.
3. Ƙaddara kwanciya ba tare da wani lokaci ba a cikin incubator. Wannan ya haifar da wani ɓangaren matakai na cigaban cigaba, da asynchrony, yayayyun ducklings a lokuta daban-daban.
4. Overheating germ. Wannan ya kai ga mutuwarsu. A karkashin ruɗarin yanayi, overheating ba ya faruwa, tun lokacin da hen-hens quite sau da yawa cire kansu daga gida, da kuma 'ya'yan gaba a wannan lokaci yana da lokaci don kwantar da hankali. A cikin incubator, haɗarin overheating yana da kyau sosai. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don a kwantar da samfurori da samfurori da kuma bugu da žari da ruwa daga wani kwalba mai laushi.
5. Rashin isasshen ruwa. Amincewa da wannan sigin na rinjayar lafiyar kajin da kuma sauƙi na nada ɗakansu.
6. Ruwa mai yawa. Wannan yana haifar da ruwa mai yawa a jikin mahaifa. Yana da haɗari don nutsar da kajin a ciki har ma kafin su yi kyan gani.
7. Cunkushe a lokacin iska. Zai iya haifar da ƙazamar embryos da katsewar ci gaban.
8. Ƙananan lambobi. Saboda wannan kuskure, ƙwajin zasu iya tsayawa ɗaya gefen harsashi, wanda zai haifar da lalacewar ci gaban, kuma ƙananan duwatsu zasu ƙetare.
9. Tsawon haske daga wani ovoskop. Wannan yana damuwa da gaskiyar cewa qwai za su iya shayewa, saboda ovoscope yana da matsanancin canjin zafi, saboda haka nazarin ya kamata ya dauki minti 2 kawai.

Gaba ɗaya, tsari na incubating ƙwaiye ƙwai a gida ba shine abu mafi wuyar ba kuma zai iya haifar da mai kyau mai kyau idan kun bi ka'idodin tsarin shiryawa. Rashin tsayayya zuwa rayuwa mai dorewa ya zama manyan kurakurai a cikin cin zarafi da yanayin zafi.

Shin kuna sani? Idan an yi amfani da kwai a duck a kunne a mataki na karshe na shiryawa, sa'annan a ciki zaka iya jin sauti da aka yi ta doki - rustling, motsi da har ma da squeaking.

Har ila yau, yana da muhimmanci sosai cewa duk ayyukan da aka yi tare da kwai kwaikwayon da aka ƙera a fili ya dace da matakai na ci gaban amfrayo. A wannan yanayin, za ku iya ƙididdigar lafiya a jikin lafiya.