Lush flowering a kan windowsill: asirin da cin nasara namo da kula da pelargonium

Pelargonium, godiya ga kyawawan furanni da wadanda ba su da haɓaka, da sauri sun sami karɓuwa a tsakanin masu sha'awar furen yau kuma yana ƙawata gidaje da ɗakunan da yawa.

A zahiri, an fassara sunan shuka a matsayin "ƙugiya mai tsutsa" saboda 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar kamfar tsuntsu. Wane irin kula ne yake bukatar pelargonium?

Bayani da tarihin abin da ya faru

Pelargonium ita ce tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ta geranium wanda ya fito daga Afrika ta Kudu zuwa Holland sannan daga Faransa da Ingila. Furen yana da tsaida, dan kadan ya kafa mai tushe kuma ya kai tsawon mita 30-80. Tsarin ganye ya bambanta ga kowane nau'i na pelargonium. Clorescences suna da launi mai launi, suna iya samun ƙananan furanni daban-daban (za ka iya koyon abubuwa daban-daban na pelargonium, ka'idodin kulawa, da kuma ganin hoton furanni a nan).

Pelargonium yana da kwayar cutar da kuma mai daɗin ƙanshi. Bugu da kari, an yi imani da cewa fure yana kawo fahimtar iyalin. Kara karantawa game da warkar da kaddarorin pelargonium a cikin labarinmu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Babban bambanci daga yanayin sanyi na geraniums mai sanyi shine cewa pelargonium shi ne tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da na gida.

Yadda za a yi girma a flower?

Pelargonium wani tsire-tsire ne, amma akwai wasu bukatu don girma da kulawa a gida.

• Ƙasa da tukunya. Kayan shuka yana son ƙasa mai tsabta wadda take kunshe da takin, peat, humus da yashi, wanda yake da tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki da kuma dan kadan, wanda aka bayar ta hanyar kara ash. Tukunya ya kamata ya zama karami a cikin girman (a cikin akwati mai mahimmanci, pelargonium blooms more luxuriously) kuma suna da ramuka mai laushi.
• Watering Zai fi kyau a mayar da hankali kan yanayin ƙasa - don shayar da shuka kawai lokacin da ta bushe. Idan akwai wani dogon lokaci na flower a cikin ƙasa da aka ƙwaƙashe, tushen tushen tsarin rottes. Sanya ganye na pelargonium ba lallai ba ne.
• Haskewa Wannan fure yana son haske kuma yana girma da kyau a duniyar yau, amma yana jin dadi a cikin penumbra. Duk da haka, idan akwai rashin isasshen hasken lantarki, tsintsin shuka zai iya zama danda.
• Zazzabi Don ci gaba na al'ada da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar zafin jiki na har zuwa digiri +20, ƙananan adadi mafi yawa - 10-12 digiri na zafi.
• Shuka. Tare da taimakon pruning za ka iya samun nasarar samun kyakkyawan kambi, da girma na harbe-harbe da kuma bayyanar inflorescences, tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire. Ana yin mafi kyau a cikin kaka ko bazara, amma idan ya cancanta - a kowane lokaci na shekara. Sanya yanka don yayyafa da murmushi ko kirfa foda.
• Pinching. Saboda haka ya kira tsari na cire ƙananan matasan seedlings don bunkasa ci gaba da harbe-harbe don samar da wani shrub daga shuka. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana yin furanni a farkon bazara, amma idan ya cancanta, idan an buƙata. Ƙarin bayani game da yadda za a yayyafa da kuma datse pelargonium da muka fada a nan.
• Top dressing. Pelargonium yana buƙatar ciyar da shi cikin dukan shekara, sai dai lokacin hunturu - lokacin hutawa. A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, kowane kwanaki 14 za su yi amfani da takin mai magani da ke da potassium, magnesium da nitrogen. Zaka iya sayan taki da aka shirya da shi ko dafa shi da kanka ta hanyar haɗuwa da ma'adanai a cikin sassan daidai. Duk da haka, kafin flowering ya kamata a rage yawan abincin nitrogen, da potassium - don ƙara.

  Hankali! Kafin ciyar da shuka dole ne a shayar da shi, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin ƙona tushen tsarin.

Tsarin hanyoyi

Pelargonium yana cikin hanyoyi uku:

• tsaba - Don shuka da tsaba da ake bukata a cikin lokaci daga Disamba zuwa Fabrairu kuma ku jira seedlings bayan makonni uku;
• rarraba daji - Kuna buƙatar tono daji, a raba shi a hankali, shuka kowanne sashi a cikin akwati dabam, to, karami kadan kuma ku zuba ƙasa;
• cuttings - ya zama dole don shirya cututtuka har zuwa 10 cm tsawo (a cikin yanayin yanayin dwarf - har zuwa 3 cm), yanke lafiya da karfi harbe, sa'an nan kuma dasa su a tukunya tare da malalewa a kasa da ƙasa kunshi peat, perlite, takin da kuma lambu calcined ƙasa, m ƙasa kusa da yankan da kuma jira ga tushen bayyana a cikin makonni 2-3.

Cuttings iya bada tushen kuma idan an sanya su 2-3 makonni a ruwa a dumi dakin.

Yadda za a tsara daga tsaba?

A gida, pelargonium yana girma daga iri, har ma da sababbin masu zuwa ga floriculture iya rike shi.

Tsarin girma shuke-shuke daga iri daga mataki zuwa mataki:

1. zaɓi tsaba, kulawa da bayyanar su: ya kamata su kasance manyan, m, suna da siffar tsalle da launin ruwan kasa;
2. don samun shinge mai kyau, kuna buƙatar mai yawa haske, don haka ya fi kyau shuka shi ba a farkon fiye da Fabrairu ko don amfani da ƙarin haske na wucin gadi;
3. rage lokacin germination na tsaba iya, cire ɓangare na harsashi, don haka tabbatar da damar yin amfani da na gina jiki;
4. za'a iya saya ƙasa a cikin kantin sayar da kayan abinci, don tabbatar da cewa ba'a cika shi da ma'adanai ba, ko zaka iya dafa shi da kanka ta hanyar haɗuwa da wani ɓangare na peat, wani ɓangare na kogin yashi da sassa biyu na sod sodiya;
5. Zuba ƙasa ya warke har zuwa + 22 digiri a cikin kwandon da aka shirya da kuma wanke shi da ruwa mai dumi;
6. bayan 2 cm daga juna, sanya indentations da sanya tsaba a cikinsu;
7. yayyafa su da ƙasa da moisten;
8. don rufe kwantena tare da tsare, bayan sun sanya ramuka a ciki don samun iska;
9. Yanayin iska bayan shuka bai kamata ya wuce +22 digiri, kuma bayan da tsaba sun ƙaddamar da alama mai nuna alama - 20 digiri zafi;
10. bayan fitarwa daga harbe don cire fim kuma don canja wurin damar zuwa taga sill;
11. don samar da tushen tsarin tushen rayuwa, yana da muhimmanci daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don sassauta ƙasa da kuma sake dasa seedlings a cikin babban akwati da sabuwar ƙasa;
12. don samun karamin daji, dole ne a kwashe tseren pelargonium bayan bayanan na biyar ya bayyana a kai.

Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa da kuma sarrafa kwaro

Babban cututtuka na shuka:

• Odema ko edema. Kwayar cutar tana haifar da farfadowa da ƙasa kuma an bayyana shi a cikin samuwar girma a kan faranti. Yana da muhimmanci don rage watering da kuma cire fayilolin da aka shafa.
• Verticillary wilting. Wannan cuta ne m ga flower. Wajibi ne don halakar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma ya yanke harbe tare da alamun cutar, bi da tsire-tsire da trichodermine.
• Gishiri mai laushi. Ganye ya juya launin rawaya kuma ya bushe, launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana a kan tushe na shuka, kuma za'a iya samun naman gwari a cikin cutar. Yana sa launin toka a cikin ruwa mai zurfi da kuma yawan nitrogen a cikin taki. Dole ne a yanke sassa ɓangaren tsire-tsire, aiwatar da furanni tare da furotin kuma dasa shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa da tukunya.
• Gyara da kuma tushen rot. Haka kuma cutar ta faru ne saboda waterlogging da low acidity na kasar gona. Gummar tushen ya zama baƙar fata da kuma rots, ganyayyaki ya zama kodadde, sa'an nan kuma ya juya launin rawaya kuma ya bushe. Ya kamata a kula da shuka tare da "Fitolavin" ko "Biporam".
• Gyara da kuma tushen marigayi blight. Wannan naman gwari yana daukar kwayar cutar a ƙasa, amma ana iya hawa ta cikin iska tsakanin tsire-tsire, saboda haka pelargonium ya ɓace kuma ya rushe. Haka kuma cutar tasowa saboda rashin zafi. Tsire-tsire-tsire yana raguwa, kuma ganyayyaki sunyi kyan gani, wanda ba kamar rashin ruwa ba, amma tare da karuwa a watering da naman gwari yana tsiro, yana bunkasa kuma yana rinjayar dukkan rassan.

  Zai yiwu a warkar da shuka a wani mataki na farko na kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar magance shi da ruwa mai Bordeaux, cire wuraren da ya shafa kuma dole ne a dasa shi cikin ƙasa maras lafiya da tukunya.

Matsaloli da girma:

• platinum yellowing - Wataƙila an lalacewa ta hanyar tushen rot, kana buƙatar dasa shuka;
• da gefuna na ganye juya rawaya - Matsalar ita ce ta rashin kulawa, ya kamata ya tsara yanayin yanayin ban ruwa, yawan zazzabi na iska, taki;
• rashin flowering - mafi mahimmanci, akwai damuwa da laima ko furen bai isa ba, kana buƙatar rage watering da motsa shuka zuwa kudanci;
• suma - yana yiwuwa a kara yawan acidity na ƙasa (bai kamata ya wuce 5.5pH) ko tukunya ya zama ƙarami ba saboda flower.

Babban kwari na pelargonium - aphid da whitefly, zaka iya yakin su ta yin amfani da kwari da aka sayar a shaguna. Ƙara koyo game da cututtuka da kuma yanayin na shuka, kazalika game da rigakafi da kula da su a gida a nan.

Pelargonium ba wani tsinkayyi ne mai ban sha'awa ba tare da tsarin noma da haifuwa, wanda ke ƙarƙashin umarnin da shawara, har ma da mai sayen furanni ba zai iya kulawa kuma wannan furen zai ji daɗin masu mallakar su kuma yi ado da sararin samaniya.