Da yake magana akan bamboo, mun gabatar da tsire-tsire na kudancin kudancin ba tare da dacewa ba don yanayin yanayinmu.
Duk da haka, akwai nau'o'in da irin bamboo, wanda ba'a jin tsoron yanayin yanayin zafi kuma an samu nasara a cikin ƙasa.
Mene ne wannan shuka da yadda za a shuka shi? - tattauna a cikin wannan labarin.
Mene ne bamboo
Bamboos babban iyali ne na hatsi, wanda fiye da dubu dubu ke ciki. Dukkanansu suna da kyau, kusan dukkanin suna girma zuwa manyan masu girma. A cikin iyali akwai herbaceous, creepers tare da hawan ko hawa rassan da shuke-shuke tare da lokacin farin ciki lignified harbe.
Don dalilai na ado, suna kuma noma irin wannan hatsi: pennisetum, miscanthus, wutsiyar horsetail, fescue, cortaderia, furen furen, blue da reed minnows, magistrate cylindrical, bristles, soddy pike.
Mafi yawancin jinsin suna son yanayin yanayi na yankuna da tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire masu duhu, wasu girma da kuma ci gaba a cikin yanayi mai tsanani, alal misali, a cikin Kurda Islands, a cikin tsaunukan Himalayan da Andes a kan iyakar tare da tuddai masu dusar ƙanƙara.
Aikace-aikace na tsire-tsire yana da bambanci, ana amfani da sassa daban-daban a cikin waɗannan masana'antu:
- magani;
- dafa abinci;
- gini;
- aikin lambu (zanen wuri);
- masana'antar kayan aiki;
- masana'antun haske (haberdashery, kayan gida, kayan aiki, kayan aiki);
- raw kayan masana'antu.
Shin kuna sani? An samo samurai da samurai daga bamboo stalks ta yin amfani da hadaddun aiki. A yau, irin wannan fasaha yana samar da kayan kayan kayan wasanni.
Ayyukan
Bamboo yana da kaya mai yawa da ke rarrabe shi daga wasu tsire-tsire:
- Ƙarfin ƙarfin mai tushe. A yunkurinsa ya cigaba, zai iya raba dutse da ya samu a hanya;
- hanzarta girma Mafi girma girma girma nasa ne da phyllostachis madake iri - 120 cm kowace rana;
- ƙananan binciken furanni. Mafi yawancin jinsuna suna da wuya su yi furanni sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 20-60, amma dukansu sun yi fure gaba daya kuma suka mutu nan da nan bayan sunadarai. Gaskiya ne, kawai ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire ya mutu, kuma rhizome yana iya ƙara sabon ƙarni.
Types da kuma irin bamboo
Yi la'akari da mafi ban sha'awa ga girma shuke-shuke na wannan iyali.
Saza
Bamboo yana da sanyi ga sanyi, na kowa a Japan, Koriya, Sakhalin, tsibirin Kuril, a duwatsu na kasar Sin.
Ƙarfi mai karfi, cylindrical, wanda ke ƙasa a ƙasa, yayi girma zuwa mita uku. Sashin launin launi-marsh, kimanin centimita na diamita, ana dauka ne da rassan guda tare da ganye a iyakar.
Koyi yadda ake rarraba tsire-tsire iri-iri.
Fusin leaf - Har zuwa rabin mita tsawo, fadi, m. By kaka, gefuna da ganye ya bushe sama. Tsuntsaye yana da wuya, inflorescence - whisk, wanda ya kunshi kwalliya.
Ana amfani da Saza a cikin kwanduna da kayan ado mai haske, a aikin noma da ake amfani dasu don gyara ƙasa a kan gangara da kuma bakin koguna.
Yawancin sazunan da suka fi dacewa da za a iya girma a tsakiyar latitudes a bude ƙasa:
- Kuril;
- Wich;
- tsawon lokaci.
Fargesia
Fargesia, daga asali daga kasar Sin, ta kasance a kan tsaunukan dutsen. Tsararru, kamar dukkanin bamboos, yana tsiro daga rabi mita zuwa mita biyu, ke tsiro da daji. Ganye ne na bakin ciki, dangane da nau'o'in brownish, kore ko mada.
Bincika jerin jerin itatuwan shuki mafi kyau ga lambun.
A kan ƙananan rassan ci gaba da rassan tare da dogaye mai zurfi masu launin kore. A cikin lokacin kaka, ganye suna zama launin rawaya. An daidaita shi zuwa ga latitudes, tare da fahimtar yanayi mai sanyi har zuwa -30 ° C, fargesia yana da kyau, ko kuma wajen haka, iri iri ne:
- "Eisenach";
- "McClure";
- "Nymphenburg".
Phillostahis
Phyllostachis na tsiro ne a kan rigar, amma ba maras nauyi a kasar Sin, Japan, Turai, Crimea, Amurka. Daya daga cikin jinsin sanyi, zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi har zuwa -18 ° C. Yana girma da tsire-tsire, har zuwa mita 20, ya kai diamita har zuwa 15 cm Young harbe suna da haske a launi, yayin da suka tsufa, sun juya rawaya.
Bincika jerin jerin kayan ado mafi kyau konamental don masu gadaje na flower.Ganyayyaki suna kunkuntar kuma dogon, a kan gajeren petioles. Wannan shi ne rikodi na girma. Blossoms, kai 50 shekaru, inflorescences - fluffy panicles.
Popular iri da kuma irin filostahis:
- "Bissetii";
- "nigra";
- "aurea";
- "Kayan Gishiri".
Shin kuna sani? Daga ganye na phyllothachis "bisset" sun daga wani dadi da kuma shayi shayi.
Kungiyoyi
Wani jinsin da aka samo daga Japan, yana girma a Sin da Vietnam. Jama'a suna kiran mnogovetochnik, saboda yanayin da yake ciki wanda yayi girma, yana girma. A yanayi, yana girma zuwa mita da mafi girma, amma a tsakiyar hanya - har zuwa 60 centimeters.
A harbe ne na bakin ciki, girma a cikin wani heap, leafy. Tsarin yana da elongated da kunkuntar, har zuwa 30 cm, yana tsiro don haka ba za a iya ganin petioles da igiya a baya ba. Za'a iya canza launuka daban-daban a cikin tabarau:
- zinariya;
- rawaya kore;
- bluish;
- haske mai haske.
- Saminu.
- ratsan kore;
- Forchuna;
- azurfa.
Bamboo talakawa
Mafi yawan nau'o'in shuka, yawancin sun fi dacewa a cikin gandun dajin daji na Asia, Afrika, Madagascar, Amurka. A yanayin sanyi, tsire-tsire ya fi girma a matsayin tukunyar tukunya, tun da zai iya jurewa yanayin zafi kadan -3 ° C.
Koyi game da nuances na zabar shuke-shuke don shinge.
Girma, ba sa tsire-tsire masu tsayi mai karfi ba har tsawon mita ashirin. Ganye ya yi girma, shafuka suna rufe da haske, a cikin siffar maras biyan kuɗi, aka nuna a ƙarshen.
A cikin al'adun irin wannan nau'in suna da kyau:
- Gurbin kore;
- zinariya;
- Wamin uku.
Shin kuna sani? Hankin bamboo a fadin Ming a kasar Sin, wanda aka gina a cikin karni na uku na zamaninmu, yana amfani da shi. Tsawonsa - Mita 320, aikin dakatar da shi, ana amfani da igiyoyin bamboo don tallafawa.
Bamboo dasa
Idan za ku dasa bamboo akan shirin ku, ku kula da zabi na makwabta. Wadannan zasu iya zama:
- wasu kayan ado na kayan ado;
- Mai watsa shiri;
- ferns;
- astilba.
Zabi wani wuri a kan shafin
Land don saukowa ya fi dacewa da zaɓar kudu maso gabas ko kudu maso yamma, wanda aka dakatar da iska. Wannan yana iya zama lambun rufewa, wani wuri a kusa da shinge mai tsayi, wuri mai kyau zai kasance wuri kusa da tafki.
Babu buƙatar musamman don abun da ke ciki na ƙasa a bamboo, kadai nau'in ƙasa wanda bai dace da shi ba ƙasa mai laushi. Hadin yana da kyawawa a kimanin 6 pH, yana da isasshen ruwan infi da abinci mai gina jiki, in ba haka ba irri na ruwa zai ƙara yawan lokaci.
Yanayi
Tunda bamboo yana da yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, yana buƙatar yanayin da ke kusa da na halitta. Ba abu mai kyau ba ne don shuka a rana, duk da tsayayyar zafi, ganye daga hasken hasken rana ya fade. A cikin zafi mai tsanani a kan + 25 ° C, yana da kyawawa don feshi da foliage don ƙara yawan iska.
Koyi yadda za a yi girma jujube, actinidia, eucomis, arizema, pomegranate, annonu, cofe, hymenocallis, anguria, asimina, feijoa.
Saukowa
Mafi kyawun lokaci zuwa kasa - lokaci daga watan Afrilu, lokacin da kasar gona ta warke, har Yuni. Sapling kafin dasa tare da tanki an saka shi cikin ruwa don cire iska. Bayan iska ba ta daina bayyanawa, an saukar da shi a cikin rami da aka shirya.
An shirya tudun bamboo sau biyu kamar yadda tushen tsarin seedling yake. An rufe kasan da takalmin lambu na ƙasa tare da humus a cikin sassan daidai. An saukar da seedling a kan dutsen kuma cike da wannan cakuda kamar yadda a kasa na rami. Foda da asalinsu, ƙasa ta raye, vyminaya iska Layer. Bayan dasa shuki ciyar yawan watering.
Watering
Da farko, ana shayar da ruwan sha mai sauƙi da yawa, musamman ma idan babu hazo. Lokacin da girma ya fara, an rage watering sau biyu a mako. A gaban hazo, ba'a buƙatar watering.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙasa a cikin da'irar ba ta kasance da rigar ba, ya kamata a sami lokaci zuwa bushe dan kadan tsakanin waterings.
Masu haɓaka girma
Bamboo yana da rhizome mai dadi sosai, yana iya fadada ƙwarai a cikin nisa, kama manyan wuraren. Sabili da haka, a cikin gida na girma girma shoot shoot dole ne a riƙe.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa a kewaye da wurin da aka shuka shi shine a gwada zane-zane a zurfin mita daya da rabi, wanda zai zama haɓaka girma. Babu buƙatar shiga cikin zanen gado tare da raguwa, harbe za su iya haifar da su ta hanyar rassan, amma sun ɓace.
Pruning
Ganye ba ya buƙatar tsabta sosai musamman, amma a kowace shekara yana da muhimmanci don cire tsoffin rassan da rassan da ba su da siffar ado, na bakin ciki, don haka kada su tsarke danshi, tare da cututtuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kana so ka dakatar da ci gaban gudun hijirar, dole ne a rage ta a kasa da kumburi.
Top dressing
Tasa da shuka sau biyu a kakar tare da ma'adinai da takin mai magani:
- a cikin idon ruwa - hadarin nitrogen, phosphates da potassium (kashi 4: 3: 2);
- a cikin fall - nitrogen, phosphates da potassium (2: 4: 4).
Wintering
A karkashin yanayin hunturu mai dusar ƙanƙara, nau'o'in resistant masu sanyi zasu iya girma ba tare da tsari ba, amma yafi kyau zama lafiya. Harbe bayan da farko da sanyi ya kamata a lankwasa, an rufe shi da bushe foliage ko sawdust, tare da spruce ganye ko lutrasil a saman, kraft takarda, sa'an nan kuma, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ya bayyana, zafi da snowdrift a kan.
Nau'in iri iri
Raba ta hanyar tsaba zai iya yiwuwa ne kawai da sayan tsaba, saboda ya yi fure, sabili da haka, bamboo yana da 'ya'ya sosai. Yana da sauki don ninka shi a gida vegetatively.
Tsarin iri
An shirya tsaba a gaban shuka, dafa a cikin ruwan dumi don da yawa. Sa'an nan kuma, a cikin kofi na peat, nuna alamar ƙasa tare da tip, zurfafa tsawonsa zuwa bene.
A cikin akwati ƙarƙashin fim an sanya albarkatun gona kuma ya sanya su cikin wuri mai dumi. Don seedlings, yawan zafin jiki na kimanin + 30 ° C, hasken wuta mai kyau da iska mai tsabta suna da muhimmanci don haka tsarin jiki ba ya samar a kan fim din kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙasa a ƙasa.
Gano irin irin fitilu da ake samuwa don nunawa tsire-tsire.
Seedlings bayyana bayan makonni biyu, suna nan da nan transplanted cikin raba tukwane. Lokacin da tsire-tsire ya karu kuma ya taurare, suna neman wuri na dindindin akan shafin.
Video: bamboo iri
Hanyar kayan lambu
A lokacin da suke dasawa, suna zaɓar wasu ƙwayoyi masu shekaru uku, dafa su da kuma dasa su a cikin inuwa, yayin da yankan su zuwa kashi daya bisa uku. Kowace rana ana shayar da su sosai. Bayan shafe, neman wuri na dindindin.
Hanyar janyo ta biyu ita ce rarrabuwar rhizome. A cikin idon ruwa sun tono sama da rhizome tare da harbe, yawancin harbe ya kamata a bar su, kuma an raba su cikin sassa. An ƙara su a cikin inuwa kuma suna shayarwa har sai an sa su. Bayan an dasa shi zuwa wurin da aka zaba.
Cututtuka da kwari
Bamboo yana da rigakafi mai kyau ga cututtuka da kwari, amma a gonar ba ya girma kadai kuma ana iya kaiwa ta hanyar kwari ko cututtuka. Mafi yawancin lokuta, an gano tsuntsaye mai gizo-gizo da kuma mealybugs a kan tsire-tsire. Daga farko ku kawar da shi tare da taimakon shirye-shirye na acaricidal, daga taimakon taimako na biyu na kwari.
Mafi mahimmanci yana nufin:
- "Masai", "Sanmai", "Apollo" - acaricides;
- "Aktara", "Mospilan", "Ponche" - kwari.
Bamboo ya zama rawaya
A wasu nau'o'in, rawanin rawaya a lokacin lokacin ƙidayar yanayi na halitta ne, la'akari da dalilan da ya sa ganye ya juya rawaya a wani lokaci:
- saboda juyawa daga tushen, sakamakon sakamakon ruwa;
- saboda rashin abinci mai yawa;
- ƙasa salinity;
- ma m ɗaukar hoto;
- bayyanar kamuwa da cuta.
Amma ga wasu dalilai, kulawa yana da nuances da yake bukata a ɗauka:
- Kada ku yi overmoisten kasar gona.
- A kan ƙasa mai nauyi a cikin rami sa malalewa.
- Bamboo ba ya son yawancin takin mai magani, yana da kyau kada ku ba a nan.
- Babu buƙatar shuka a hasken rana kai tsaye, ya zama haske inuwa.
- Duba matakin gishiri cikin ƙasa kuma ku magance gishiri mai yawa. Za'a iya zubar da gishiri ta ƙara gypsum ko dasa shuki shuka, alal misali, alfalfa, wanda a zahiri ya jawo gishiri tare da tushe.
Bamboo - Kyakkyawan shuka ornamental, zai iya yi ado da kowane nau'i na zane, kuma harbe zai iya aiki a rayuwar yau da kullum. Bugu da ƙari, a bude ƙasa, ana iya kara girma a gida.
Bidiyo: Bamboo a gonar
Bamboo waje: reviews
Amma!
Akwai kuma saz da sinarundinarii (su ne tsohon fargesia). Tabbas, ba ku buƙatar sandunansu, amma suna hibernate a nan (a cikin majami'a, sandunansu suna da bakin ciki, ko da yake tsayinsa har zuwa 2 m, amma duk tattalin arzikin ya sauka sosai a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara) kuma ana dogara da su zuwa -29 digiri. Sasa curilense (duhu, tsoro da kuma zalunci) da Sinarundinaria nitida (pusya, amma bloomed bara) rayuwa da hunturu tare da ni.
Shirye-shiryen suna daidai da lambar sinarundinaria murielae
Da farko, bamboos ba su haifa ta rassan, amma ta hanyar rhizome.
A cikin hoton akwai matasan kasar Sin (adverb bamboo kawai). Mafi yawan zafin jiki na rayuwa shine + 30 zuwa - 9 C, tsayayya da gajeren gishiri har zuwa - 20 C, a yanayin zafi mafi yawa yana yasuwa zuwa kasa. A cikin yanki inda ƙasa ta yalwata ta wurin ta kyauta gaba ɗaya. Ba'a yi alkwari ba saboda hunturu a cikin yankin Moscow, saboda yanayin sanyi mai sanyi.
Ga yankin Moscow, za mu iya ba da shawara ga ƙungiyar da ake kira sunan bamboo (Saza, phyloblast, da dai sauransu): Arundinaria murielae, Pleioblastus simonii (da siffofin da aka bambanta), Sasa tsuboiana, da dai sauransu. A game da kyakkyawa, ba su da daraja ga nau'in kudancin, suna iya zama daga tsayi 30 cm zuwa 3 m Tsarin sanyi na 5-3.
