Yadda za a tsara fassaran shuka: shuka lokaci, iri-iri iri-iri, farashin iri, sakawa a bude ƙasa kuma a cikin greenhouses

Wanda mai amfani da dama - turnip yana da wuri mai mahimmanci a kan teburin abincin abincinmu.

Domin fiye da shekaru dubu shida, dukiyarsa masu amfani, yawan amfanin ƙasa mai yawa da kuma rashin kulawa sun san duniya.

Amma yana da sauqi da girma girma, kullun da 'ya'yan itace na zinariya? Bari mu kwatanta shi.

Wannan labarin zai gaya maka lokacin da shuka zai fi dacewa, yadda za a zabi iri mai kyau kuma shuka kayan lambu.

Dasa kwanakin

Turnip yana nufin sabbin albarkatun noma. Matsakaicin lokaci daga shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa ga samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa shine kwanaki 60-70, don haka zaka iya girma shi sau da yawa a kowace kakar. Don samun albarkatun gona mai yawa don tebur rani, zaka iya dasa shi a cikin marigayi Afrilu - farkon Mayu, lokacin da yanayin ƙasa zai kasance + 2 ° C ... + 3 ° C. Idan an tsara asali don ajiya mai sanyi na dadewa, tsaba sun fi kyau shuka a farkon watan Agusta.

Taimako! Yana da muhimmanci a san bambanci tsakanin kalmomi "shuka" da "shuka." Shuka da shuka tsaba da hatsi, amma guda daya ana shuka su ne, misali, itatuwan bishiyoyi da shrubs.

Bambancin zaɓi

Yawan iri iri sun raba zuwa farkon da marigayi.

Farawa

A 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da fata na fata kuma ba dace da ajiyar hunturu ba.

Wadannan sun haɗa da:

• Geisha (don dandana da kuma kama kamakon);

• Golden Ball ('ya'yan itacen yana da kyakkyawan dandano kuma yana da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa);

• turnip purple (ruwan 'ya'yan itace-ruwan hoda, tare da farar fata, ana auna 100-150 gr.) da sauransu.

Wadannan iri suna samar da amfanin gona a cikin rikodin kwanaki 40-45 kuma suna da babban dandano.

Late

Iri irin su:

• Comet (yin la'akari da 90-120 grams, da jurewa yanayin ajiya a cikin cellar);
• Wata (zagaye, rawaya da kuma 'ya'yan itace mai ban sha'awa);
• Hutun Bitrus, mafi yawanci a Rasha, saboda matsayi mai yawa na germination da sauƙi.

Wadannan iri sun fara da kuma suna shirye don taro a cikin kwanaki 60-80, suna da sanyi kuma suna iya tsira a lokacin hunturu.

Farashin farashin kayan shuka a Moscow da St. Petersburg

Farashin farashin kayan lambu, ciki har da turnips, suna da dimukuradiyya. Akwai manyan masu girma iri guda a Moscow: Aelita agrofirm, Gavrish da Yasenevo Garden Center suna ba da shawarar sayen tsaba daga 10 zuwa 15 rubles a cikin shirya. Kuma umarni masu yawa suna yiwuwa a farashin 4 rubles. Cibiyar "Garden" ta St. Petersburg tana bada tsaba a farashin 10-13 rubles. Wadannan farashin sun kasance a fadin kasar.

Mene ne za'a iya girma a kan gado daya ko bayan abin da?

Kokwamba, karas, tumatir, masara, legumes, ko dankali zasu iya zama masu dacewa da kyau don turnips a gonar.

Kada ku dasa wani turnip a gonar bayan cruciferous (kabeji, radish, radish), yayin da suke daukar nau'annan ma'adanai daga ƙasa kuma girbi zai zama mafi muni.

Kyakkyawan juyawa za su yi girma da m idan abokan makwabta su ne:

• legumes;
• ruwa;
• seleri;
• alayyafo

Amma kada ku dasa shi kusa da kabeji: waɗannan al'adu suna da cututtuka na kowa. Bayan girbi mai girbi, radishes ko radishes, bari lambun ta hutawa da shuka mai sauƙi, albarkatun kore mai ban sha'awa, irin su albasa ko tafarnuwa. Bayan sanya takin gargajiya, shekara ta gaba za ka iya shuka tumatir ko kayan dadi a ƙarƙashin murfin fim.

Girman: yadda ake shuka kayan lambu?

Yadda za a shuka a fili?

• Inventory don dasa shuki tsaba.

  Don dasa shuki tsaba a bude ƙasa yana da amfani don amfani:

  1. shebur (noma na farko);
  2. rake (watsar da ƙasa da kawar da duwatsu);
  3. Alamar ko tsaya tare da ƙananan diamita (zane a kan gadon da dama ko da layuka);
  4. wani kwalban da rami a tsakiya na tafiya don dasa shuki na tsaba a ƙasa;
  5. ɗakin hannu;
  6. watering iya

• Shiri na ƙasa don dasa.
  1. Land don dasa shuki turnips dole ne a shirya a cikin fall: tono kasar gona da kuma amfani da Organic taki.
  2. Da farkon lokacin bazara, an yi zurfi sosai kuma an gabatar da wani ɓangaren takin.
  3. Superphosphate da potassium chloride suna kara da cewa. Idan ana so, yayyafa tare da gado na itace ash don kaucewa yawancin acidity na kasar gona.
  4. Yin amfani da alamar alama ko igiya na yau da kullum, sa hanyoyi da yawa na zurfin 1.5-2, zurfafa su kuma shuka tsaba a cikin rijiyoyin da aka samu.

• Seed shiri don dasa.

  Kafin dasa shuki tsaba a ƙasa dole ne a shirya don shuka. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:

  1. Calibration. Cire duk abin lalacewa ko komai mara kyau. Anyi amfani da wannan ta hanyar amfani da sieve musamman.
  2. Jiƙa da tsaba. Yawancin cututtuka na shuka suna daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar tsaba, don haka yana da muhimmanci a magance su. Za a iya dasa kayan abu a cikin rana don kwanaki 2-3, duk da haka, hanyar da ake amfani da shi na yau da kullum shine kwantar da tsaba a cikin wani bayani na 1% na potassium na tsawon minti 20-30, bayan wankewa sosai da ruwa mai gudu.
• Shirya makirci.

  Ana shuka tsaba mafi kyau a cikin nau'in kilo 1 da m², zuwa zurfin tsagi na 1.5-2 cm ko shuka 2-3 tsaba da kyau, thinning seedlings kara.

• Shuka kulawa.

  Kula da tsire-tsire a lokacin da saukowa a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa bude ba wuya. A kwanakin 4-7 bayan shuka tsaba, ingancin farko ya bayyana kuma daga wannan maimaita sau biyu ko sau biyu a mako, ana buƙatar digiri, yana barin ƙira mafi karfi da kuma karfi har sai digo 3 ya bayyana a kansu. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ta wannan lokaci ya zama cikin 6-10 cm.

  Kafin farkon farawa, an bada shawarar kula da ƙasa tare da ash ko ƙurar taba don kare kariya daga giciye wanda zai iya rushe amfanin gona. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci ga ƙwayar 'ya'yan itace mai yawa shine cirewar ɓawon nama. A saboda wannan dalili, an aiwatar da tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsalle zuwa zurfin 3-5 cm.

  Turnip wata shuka mai haske ne mai dumi, kuma daidai da haka, yana bukatar isasshen abinci. Idan kasar gona bata karɓar laima a cikin nau'i na ruwan sama, dole ne a yi amfani da ruwa tare da hannu, ta yin amfani da watering iya kuma a cikin rabon lita 30 na ruwa da 1 m². Ƙasa mai laushi zai iya rage yawan amfanin gona: 'ya'yan itatuwa za su kasance ƙananan ƙananan kuma suna da ɗaci a dandano.

  Saboda haka, watering da ake bukata seedlings sau 2-3 a mako. Sau 2-3 don dukan tsawon lokacin da ake farawa a cikin ƙasa an kuma bada shawarar yin amfani da takin mai magani na ma'adinai, a hankali yafa su a karkashin kowane shuka. Amma idan ƙasar tana "wadata" kuma mai kyau, wannan ba lallai ba ne.

  A kan fakiti tare da tsaba, kalmomin 'ya'yan itace masu yawan gaske suna yawan rubutawa ga kowanne iri-iri. Yana da muhimmanci muyi nazari akan wannan bayani kuma kada ku bada izinin tarin juyawa masu tsinkaya don kwanta na tsawon lokaci a ƙasa, in ba haka ba jiki zai zama ƙasa da m kuma fata zai zama m. An dasa shi a farkon watan Mayu, tsaka-tsalle a tsakiyar lokacin rani zai murna da tebur.

Yaushe kuma yadda za a rufe a cikin wani karamin greenhouse ko greenhouse?

Babban bambanci tsakanin namo na turnip a greenhouses ko greenhouses daga girma shi a bude filin ya ta'allaka ne a cikin kwanakin shuka. Shuka tsaba a cikin greenhouse iya zama a farkon Maris, a cikin greenhouse - a farkon Afrilu. Dole ne a biya bashin hankali a kan zabi na greenhouse ko greenhouse wanda ya ba da cikakken isasshen hasken rana da kuma wanda za'a iya shirya shi da tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire.

A gida

Bari mu bincika yadda za mu shuka tudu da kula da shuka a gida.

• Inventory don dasa shuki tsaba.

  Don dasa shuki iri iri a gida wajibi ne:

  1. shuka kwalaye (tsawo 8-10 cm);
  2. fim don rufe ƙasa har sai shuka;
  3. fitila don haskakawa (lokacin da shuka tsaba kafin Fabrairu);
  4. kori ko wasu na'urorin don sassauta ƙasa.

• Shiri na ƙasa don dasa.

  Don shuka shuka iri iri a gida, lambun gona da kogi yashi ana daukar su a cikin rabo 2: 1. Zuwa 6 kg. da sakamakon ruwan magani ƙara gilashin itace ash da 20 g na nitroammofoski da kuma hade sosai dukan abubuwan da aka gyara.

• Seed shiri don dasa.

  Kafin dasa shuki, ana amfani da tsaba ta hanyar amfani da hanyar da aka bayyana a sama da kuma wanke ta dumama a cikin ruwan zafi. An shirya tsaba a haɗe da yashi a cikin wani rabo na 1: 3.

• Shirya makirci.

  A gida, turnips suna sown a cikin kwalaye da tsawo na 8-10 cm a layuka, kimanin 5 cm kowace, zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm.

• Shuka kulawa.
  A gida, ana yin girma a cikin tumatir saboda yawancin kayan lambu a cikin bitamin, amma idan yanayi ya ba da damar isa ga shuka, za'a iya samun 'ya'yan itatuwa.

  Ana yin shuka a karshen Fabrairu - farkon watan Maris a cikin ƙasa wadda aka riga aka shirya ta yadda aka tsara shirin. Bayan shuka, ana bada shawara a rufe kwalaye da fim har sai da farkon shukawa. Kafin bayyanar ganye guda uku a kan tsire-tsire, ana fitar da tsire-tsire sau biyu, yana barin filaye mafi karfi da kuma karfi.

  Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire shine 5-6 cm. Zai fi kyau ruwa da ƙasa tare da ruwa mai tsabta, ba tare da mantawa don yaduwa da ganye ba. Tare da kulawa da kyau, ganye suna da taushi da m, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa masu juyayi masu noma sunyi girma da yawa, 5-6 cm a diamita.

Turnip ne mai ban mamaki mai ban mamaki shuka a cikin bitamin abubuwa, kuma ikonsa yana da babbar. Bar da kayan lambu na kayan lambu suna dafafa, gasa, steamed, sun hada da manyan abinci da salads, ana amfani da su a magani na gargajiya. Masu shayarwa shekaru da yawa da suka gabata sun kawo iri-iri iri-iri ga kowane dandano. Ya rage kawai don zaɓar da girma.