Goozberi iri-iri "Invicta": halaye, namo agrotechnics

Ganyayyaki iri-iri "Invicta" yana nufin girma-samar da yawan amfanin gona iri-iri da iri tare da farkon ripening zamani. Wannan iri-iri yana dauke da classic, wanda aka ƙaddara. Invicta yana da kyau a cikin manoma, ana zabar nau'ikan iri-iri don masana'antu da kuma noma a gonaki masu zaman kansu. Kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasa da halaye na 'ya'yan itace, unpretentiousness da cuta juriya bayyana yawancin accolades na wannan iri-iri.

A yau za mu koyi yadda za mu bunkasa kyakkyawan dan zuma a kan shafinku.

Abubuwan:

• Bayani da halaye
• Shrub
• Berries
• Wasu fasali na iri-iri
• Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
• Furewa juriya da sanyi juriya
• Lokacin bazara da yawan amfanin ƙasa
• Transportability
• Amfani da berries
• Yadda zaka zaba seedlings lokacin sayen
• Yanayin girma
• Lokaci da saukowa
• Tushen kulawa na yanayi
• Watering
• Kula kula
• Ciyar
• Pruning
• Ajiyar sanyi mai sanyi
• Abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma rashin amfani da iri-iri
• Daban-daban guzberi "Invicta": reviews

Tarihin ƙira

A yau, Invicta yana ɗaya daga cikin irin kayan guzin iri na kowa a Turai. Wannan iri-iri da aka bred a Birtaniya, inda har yanzu ana amfani dashi don masana'antu na namo na berries.

Don kaddamar da Invicta, irin na Resistant (Resistenta), Winkhams (Whinhams) da Kipsack (Keepsaake) an ƙetare, daga abin da ya gaji mafi kyawun halaye.

Bayani da halaye

Gaba, muna la'akari da halayen ma'anar bishiyoyi da berries, kazalika da iri iri-iri.

Shrub

Shuka zuwa 120-160 cm, sosai sprawling, ƙwarai fadada. Mai tushe ne madaidaiciya, matsakaici matsakaici, tare da tsararraki mai karfi, amma ba a samo su ba sau da yawa. Ganyayyaki suna da duhu kore, ƙaddara, matsakaiciyar matsakaici, m. Bushes suna sauri girma, wanda dole ne a la'akari a lokacin da dasa.

Gano abin da ke tattare da guzberi "Beryl", "Spring", "Honey", "Krasnoslavyansky", "Consul", "Malachite", "Grushenka", "Kwamandan", "Kolobok".

Berries

Daya daga cikin manyan amfanin da aka yi la'akari da ita shine berries. Suna halin girman girman - a matsakaita, nauyin Berry shine 6-7 grams, yayin da yake kama da girman zuwa kananan plum. Akwai berries da yawa mafi girma nauyi (har zuwa 10-12 grams).

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da siffar zane-zane, har zuwa 2.5 cm a tsawon, ana launi a launin kore-launi a mataki na ripening ko amber launi a mataki na cikakken balaga. Rindin yana da na roba, na bakin ciki, an rufe ta da haske, ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai ƙanshi, mai dadi.

'Ya'yan itãcen guzberi' Invicta 'sun ƙunshi dukkanin bitamin da kuma ma'adanai: bitamin C, A, P, rukunin B, salts na potassium, magnesium, sodium, jan ƙarfe, calcium da phosphorus. Har ila yau, a cikin abun da ke da yawan adadin sugars (har zuwa 13%), pectins, malic da citric acid.

Shin kuna sani? Gisberi (Turanci Gberi), "Almasihu ya juya", unripe bunch - irin waɗannan sunayen a Turanci, Jamus da Italiyanci samu guzberi. Asalin waɗannan sunaye bai riga sun bayyana su ba.

Wasu fasali na iri-iri

Don iri-iri iri-iri da ake kira "Invicta" yana da siffofi na halaye na 'ya'yan itace da shuka tsayayya ga abubuwa daban-daban.

Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta

An haɗu da wakilci ta hanyar ƙaruwa da karfi da furotin da sauran cututtuka na gooseberries. Duk da haka, idan an keta yanayin tsare (alal misali, lokacin da dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa mai haɗari-ƙasa mai tsanani ko kuma lokacin da aka shafe shi saboda sakamako mai yawa), haɗarin cutar yana ƙaruwa sosai. Har ila yau, manoma sunyi tsayayya da irin wannan nau'i na kwari da albarkatun noma.

Furewa juriya da sanyi juriya

Goozberi ita ce tsire-tsire mai laushi, amma damuwa da ruwa don ita ce lalacewa. Sabili da haka, a lokacin lokacin fari, karimci yana da muhimmanci. Ƙananan yanayin zafi "Invicta" yana da kyau sosai, yana da damar haɓaka shi a cikin wuraren sanyi na 3-4, wato, ƙananan za su iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi har zuwa -40 ° C. Gaba ɗaya, da iri-iri suna halin juriya zuwa matuƙar zazzabi.

Gano abin da kayan abinci na kayan guzama suna da kyau, wanda ake kira gooseberries.

Lokacin bazara da yawan amfanin ƙasa

Tare da kulawa da kyau ga wani kakar daga daji zai iya tara har zuwa kilo 7 na berries. Fruiting ya fara ne daga cikin shekaru goma na Yuni - a farkon rabin watan Yuli, yana da 'ya'ya har zuwa farkon rabin Satumba. Na farko girbi bayan dasa faruwa a 2-3 shekaru.

Dukkan shekara biyu da biyu zuwa shekara uku yana da 'ya'ya. Yawan yawan bishiyoyi ya kasance a babban mataki na tsawon shekaru 12 zuwa 12, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka kira su tsawon lokaci.

Transportability

Duk da m fata, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da kyau jurewa a cikin sufuri, kada ku crack ko da tare da dogon ajiya. A berries suna da kyau jure by daskarewa, lokacin da gwangwani a general, riƙe su siffar kuma kada ku tafasa taushi.

Yana da muhimmanci! Hada girbi na berries yana yiwuwa. Lokacin da aka ɗauka, tabbatar da sa safofin hannu.

Amfani da berries

Berries aka bayyana iri ne na duniya. Zaka iya amfani da su a matakai daban-daban na balaga - daga berries maras kyau ka sami kyakkyawan compotes, jams da kiyayewa. Ƙararrun 'ya'yan itatuwa suna cinyewa a matsayin kayan zaki, an kara su a matsayin kayan abincin, kuma an yi naman alade daga gare su. Guzberi kuma za a iya amfani dashi don yin na jelly, marmalade, marshmallow, ruwan inabi da ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Yana da ban sha'awa don sanin: menene amfanin kayan guzberi, yadda za a shirya gooseberries don hunturu, yadda za a zabi gwangwani gooseberries, yadda za a yi jam, jam, ruwan gida, gishiri miya.

Yadda zaka zaba seedlings lokacin sayen

Don samun kayan shuka mai kyau, saya seedlings ne kawai a cikin ɗakunan kwarewa ko gonaki.

Lokacin sayen seedlings tare da tushen tushen tsarin (ba cikin kwantena), kula da wadannan key quality halaye:

1. Tushen tushen tsarin: har zuwa 15 cm.
2. Yawan manyan asali: 2-3 kwakwalwa.
3. Height na m sassa: 30-40 cm.
4. Yawan harbe: 1 (na shekara-shekara seedlings), 2 (biyu shekaru seedlings).
5. A kan seedlings kada ta kasance lalacewar inji.
6. A harbe kada girma ganye.
7. Kada a busar da tsire-tsire, da lafiya, a karkashin haushi ya zama kore, m, nama mai kyau.
8. Ya kamata a rufe ƙananan buds Axillary.

Lokacin sayen seedlings a cikin kwantena, shekarun dasa kayan ba ya taka muhimmiyar rawa. Za a iya adana katako a cikin kwantena don dogon lokaci ba tare da dashi ba, yayin da kana buƙatar tsaftace ƙasa a kai a kai.

Familiarize kanka tare da dokokin dasa, kiwo, yankan gooseberries.

Lokacin zabar seedlings a cikin kwantena, da ingancin bukatun daban-daban:

1. Harbe ya kamata a rufe shi da foliage.
2. Harbe ya kamata kai 40-50 cm.
3. Tushen tushen shine 15 cm.
4. Ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a cikin akwati (wannan ya tabbatar cewa an kafa tushen tsarin kirki), amma asalinsu kada su karya ta cikin ramuka a cikin akwati ko ta saman, saboda wannan yana nuna lokaci mai tsawo a cikin tukunya.

Yanayin girma

Idan kana so ka shuka gooseberries kuma ka sami girbi mai girbi daga bishiyoyi, kana buƙatar ka zaɓi wuri mai saukowa sannan ka samar da yanayi mai kyau ga shuka.

Haske a cikin wannan batu ba ya taka muhimmiyar rawa, tun lokacin Invicta ya iya girma kuma ya bada 'ya'ya sosai a matakan haske. Haka kuma sakamakon kirki zai zama kamar lokacin da dasa shuki a wani wuri na rana, kuma a cikin wani shaded, alal misali, a cikin penumbra daga rawanin katako.

Amma ga sha'anin ƙasa da damshi yana da tsarri: dole ne ka zaɓi ƙasa mai kyau, mai tsabta. Mafi dacewa shi ne mai laushi ko yashi sandy.

Wajibi ne don kauce wa wurare masu kusa da ruwan sama, wetlands. Gisberi ba ya jure wa ruwa mai mahimmanci, don haka a cikin ƙananan ruwa, inda ruwan sama ko narke ruwa ya tara, shuka shuka kuma kada ya kasance. Ya kamata a kiyaye ƙasa daga iskoki da zane.

Shin kuna sani? Kafin kayan guzuri ya zo Amurka (ƙarni na XIX-XX), masu shayarwa sunyi iri iri iri tare da jinsin berries na kimanin 50-80 g. Duk da haka, a cikin Sabon Duniya, an shuka injin din din, wanda ya lalata yawancin iri. Wadannan cututtuka na zamani ba su da irin waɗannan halaye na berries kamar iri iri.

Lokaci da saukowa

Dasa al'adun da aka gudanar a cikin kaka da kuma bazara. Duk da haka, saboda lambu da yawa, tsire-tsire na da kyau, saboda a yanayin zafi mai kyau yanayin tafiyarwa da tushen tushen tsarin ya ci gaba da kyau, a lokacin hunturu ya zama karfi, kuma ƙasa tana kusa da seedlings.

Lokacin da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire zai kasance mai kyau. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci shuka shuka a guzuri a tsakanin lokaci tsakanin labaran ƙasa da kumburi na buds a kan tsirrai. Idan kun yi marigayi tare da dasa, shuka zai dauki tushe sosai.

Kwaro na iya ƙwace duk kokarin da za su kula da shuka, koyi yadda za'a kare kwaya daga kwari.

Saboda haka, bisa ga sharuddan kalanda, lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shuki shine farkon watan Maris ko farkon rabin Satumba, kafin farkon sanyi. A lokacin girbi na kaka, dole ne a shirya wuri don watanni kadan, kuma a lokacin bazara, yana da kyawawa don gudanar da aikin shiri a cikin fall.

Gilashin saukowa ya kamata ya kasance irin waɗannan - 50x50x50 cm, wajibi ne a lura da nisa tsakanin bushes - 1.5 m, nesa tsakanin gadaje - akalla 1 m.

Gaba, kana buƙatar takin kasar gona don dasa shuki. Dogaro da ƙasa ya kamata a hade da irin wannan takin mai magani:

• 8-10 g mullein;
• 200 g na superphosphate;
• 40 g na potassium gishiri (300 g na itace ash za a iya maye gurbin);
• 100-300 g of crushed limestone.

Idan kasar gona ta yi tsayi da nauyi, zaka iya ƙara kamar buckets na peat. Kayan shuka suna buƙatar ƙayyade ƙirar wuyansa: a lokacin da shuki, sai ta nutse a cikin ƙasa ta 6 cm. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar tsayawa tsaye, ba tare da karkata ba. Ya kamata a kara ƙasa da shayar da ruwa (har zuwa lita 5 da daji).

Bincike menene alamun kwaya guzberi.

Tun da "Invicta" ke tsiro da shudara da manyan bishiyoyi, tabbas za a gina props. Don yin haka, ana sanya katako na karfe tare da tsawo na 150 cm tare da gefuna na gado, ana shimfida wayoyi masu kwance a kansu a matakin 100 zuwa 150 cm, wanda aka haɗa da rassan bishiyoyi.

Tushen kulawa na yanayi

Young bushes bayan dasa, kazalika da tsire-tsire masu girma suna buƙatar samar da cikakken kulawa a cikin kakar.

Watering

Kamar yadda muka nuna a baya, gishiri zai iya jure wa fari na fari, amma, don samun manyan berries da girbi mai yawa, zai zama dole don kula da yanayin ƙasa a matakin babban. Zai yiwu a ƙayyade cewa ana yin tsabta sosai a cikin ɗakin, bisa ga irin wannan gwaji - idan ka dauki ƙasa a hannunka, sauƙin ya ɓacewa a ƙarƙashin taɓa yatsunka, yana jin rauni ga tabawa, amma baya tsayawa fata ba kuma ba shi da filasti, kamar yumbu, saboda matsanancin laima.

Lokacin watering, kasar gona a karkashin shrub ya kamata a tsaftace shi zuwa zurfin kimanin 40 cm, dangane da shekaru da kuma girman shrub, 2-4 buckets da shuka na iya buƙata. Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwan zafi zafi, zai fi dacewa raba ko ruwan sama.

Tabbatar da buƙatar watering a irin waɗannan matakai:

• a lokacin da aka kafa ovaries da harbe (ƙarshen May - farkon watan Yuni);
• a mataki na ripening berries;
• a watan Satumba don shirya tushen tsarin don hunturu.

Watering ya kamata ya kasance kamar yadda ya dace a cikin ƙasa, guje wa danshi a kan foliage.

A lokacin da kake samar da ovaries, ya kamata ka lura dalla-dalla a kan yanayin lada

Kula kula

Don kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itace tabbatar da kula da ƙasa. An rage kulawa zuwa irin waɗannan hanyoyin: weeding, digging ko loosening, mulching bayan watering.

Wajibi ne don mirgine sama da sassauta ƙasa don ƙara yawan hawan iska da hakora. Zaka iya amfani da felu don digging, amma maida hankali yana buƙata a yi ta da kyau - kayan lambu suna dacewa.

Cire ƙwayoyin weeds ma muhimmin mataki - ciyayi mai yawa a karkashin daji yana kara yawan iska, wanda zai iya haifar da ci gaba da cututtukan fungal.

Wani abu shine mulching: yana ba ka damar kula da yanayin da ake buƙata a cikin ƙasa kuma hana overdrying na clot earthy. Hay, bambaro, sawdust, peat su dace da ciyawa. Ya kamata a gudanar da cirewa da weeding a kalla sau ɗaya a wata.

Yana da muhimmanci! Tsarin tumatir yana kusa da farfajiyar, don haka dole ne a cire shi a hankali a ƙarƙashin kambi, zuwa zurfin kusan 6-8 cm.

Ciyar

Takin da ake amfani da shi ya kamata ya zama akalla sau biyu a shekara. (mita ya dogara da takin gargajiya a yankinka):

• a karo na farko bayan flowering ya kara yawan amfanin ƙasa;
• karo na biyu bayan daukan berries don shirya daji don hunturu da kuma lokacin gaba na fruiting.

Na farko ciyar da mafi kyau amfani da kwayoyin halitta: mullein ko litter. An shafe su cikin ruwa a wani rabo na 1:10 ko 1:20, bi da bi. Gaba, yin ƙasa da wannan lissafi - a kan 1 square. Ina buƙatar 10-lita guga na mullein bayani ko 5 lita na zuriyar dabbobi bayani.

Don saukaka yin gyaran tufafi kusa da bishiyoyi, zaka iya yin tsagi ta hanyar amfani da rake, zuba taki cikin su, kuma bayan sunyi, cika shi da ƙasa.

Ana yin gyaran ma'adinai a bayan daukan berries. Don lita 10 na ruwa, 10 g na urea, 20 g na superphosphate da 10 g na potassium sulfate za a buƙata. A cikin bazara, don tada girma daga foliage kana buƙatar yin nitrogen da takin mai magani.

A saboda wannan, an shirya cakuda: 10 l na ruwa da 50 g na ammonium nitrate, ana shuka wani daji daga gurasar ruwa tare da daji daga sama don yin cakuda ya fadi a kan harbe da Trunks. Na gaba, kasar gona kusa da gangar jikin an rufe shi da itace ash (1 tbsp.

Pruning

Pruning wani shiri ne mai mahimmanci a cikin rayuwar daji. Yanke shi wajibi ne a cikin fall da kuma bazara. A cikin matasan shuke-shuken har zuwa shekaru 3, rassan raƙuman raƙuman sun ragu da rabi, kuma tsire-tsire ta kusan kusan yanke.

A cikin tsire-tsire daga shekaru 4 da tsufa, wajibi ne a cire dukkan rassan rassan: raunana, lalacewa da kuma bushe, rashin girma. An ba shi damar thicken da rassan. Har ila yau kana buƙatar cire rassan rani fiye da shekaru 5-6, tun da babu kusan amfanin gona a kansu.

Autumn pruning ne da za'ayi bayan foliage ya auku, a cikin bazara - kafin toho fashe. Zaka kuma iya gudanar da rani na pruning don ƙara yawan fruiting da girman da berries. A saboda wannan, fi na kore harbe ana yanka sabõda haka, suna da 5-7 ganye.

Koyi yadda za a yi kaka goberi pruning.

Ajiyar sanyi mai sanyi

Jiki yana jure wa sanyi sosai. Amma don cin nasara hunturu yana da daraja yin wasu shirye-shirye:

1. Na farko, yanke bushe, lalace, tayi ko kwance a ƙasa rassan, cire fanda ganye.
2. Nan gaba kana buƙatar zuba yalwa da wuri mai tushe kuma yada ƙasa.
3. Kula kafin frosts ne maida hankali sosai don hana daskarewa daga asalinsu. Kamar yadda cikewar hunturu, yana da kyau a yi amfani da humus ko peat tare da Layer na 10-15 cm.
4. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo, za a iya kwantar da yankin basal tare da rami na 10 cm Kuma idan hunturu ba sanyi ba ne amma ba dusar ƙanƙara ba, zaka iya amfani da kowane abu don kare tushen.

Yana da muhimmanci! Fallen ganye da yanke rassan ne wanda ba a ke so don amfani da ciyawa da kuma rufe abu. Kwaro, kwayoyin cuta da fungi zasu iya shawo kan su, kuma a cikin bazara ya yada ta sauran bishiyoyi. Zai fi dacewa nan da nan ku ƙone bishiyoyi da rassan da aka tattara.

Abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma rashin amfani da iri-iri

Bugu da ƙari, wannan nau'in ya karbi bita mai kyau, wanda ba abin mamaki bane, saboda yawan adadin da ke tattare da shi ya wuce ƙimar ƙananan ƙananan:

1. A iri-iri ne high-samar da gwaggwabar riba. Berries suna bambanta da manyan size, dandano mai kyau, taushi da transportability, versatility na amfani.
2. Tsire-tsire ba su da kyau a kulawa.
3. Shrubs yi jure wa matsananciyar raguwa.
4. Ganyberi yana da tsayayya zuwa powdery mildew da mafi yawan cututtuka da ke da alamun amfanin gona na Berry.

Rashin yiwuwar yiwuwar zai iya kasancewa da haske mai tsanani, da kuma kasancewa da zane-zane. Duk da haka, baza'a iya kiran wannan ba mai girma - wanda aka shirya a cikin ɓoye, don haka ba sa haifar da matsala masu wuya a girbi da hannu.

Magana da aka bayyana shine kyakkyawan zabi don girma a kan shirinsa. Tare da kulawa kadan, "Invicta" riga a shekara ta biyu zai ji daɗin girbin albarkatu masu girma da kuma dadi. Da iri-iri ne mai girma ga mutanen da ba su da wani kwarewa ta baya a girma gooseberries.

Video: halaye na iri-iri "Invicta"

Daban-daban guzberi "Invicta": reviews