Strawberries

Yadda za a shuka da girma strawberries-strawberry iri-iri "Pandora"

Strawberry yana da matsayi mai kyau a cikin jerin jerin "rani" berries. Gano mutane da za su iya tsayayya da abin da za su ji daɗi sun kusan ba zai yiwu ba, sai dai wadanda ba su da lafiyar shi, ta hanyar halitta. Sakamako kawai na strawberries shine gajeren 'ya'yan itace, wanda shine a fili bai isa ya ci berries daga zuciya ba.

Akwai labari mai ban sha'awa ga gourmets na strawberry - shayarwa sun taso da tsire-tsire iri-iri, wanda zai fara haifar da 'ya'yan itace, a lokacin da yawanci iri suka shiga cikin hutun.

Bambancin bayanin

Banda "Pandora" an bred a Birtaniya by masu shayarwa ta gida ta hanyar tsayar da iri "Fragaria" da "Ananassa". Yana da nau'o'in tsirrai-iri-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ne a karshen Yuli, wanda babu shakka shine babban amfani.

"Pandora" ba madaidaici ne ba, amma, duk da haka, da zarar sun girbi girbi, za ku yi mamakin girman berries da dandano mai dadi da za ku iya ji dadi a ƙarshen kakar strawberry.

Wani fasali na "Pandora" kafin wasu nau'in strawberry ne buƙatar masu binciken pollinators a lokacin flowering.

A matsayin pollinator, za ka iya shuka strawberry "Malvina" kamar a cikin balaga, ko strawberry "Maxim", "Florence", "Vicoda".

Halaye na berries da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa

A kan ƙananan shrubs girma sosai manyan berries na siffar zagaye, nauyin su 30-60 g. Game da 400 g na 'ya'yan itace mai ban sha'awa za a iya tattara daga wani daji. Kwancen ɓangaren cikakke na berries yana da launi mai launi, yana da nauyi a cikin tsari, mai kyau, amma strawberries ba sa rasa siffar su a lokacin sufuri. Abin dandano yana da dadi tare da kadan.

Shin kuna sani? An yi la'akari da kwayoyi masu tsirrai ne kawai wadanda suke girma a waje, ba cikin ciki ba. Kowane 'ya'yan itace yana da kimanin 200 kananan tsaba.

Agrotechnics na girma da kula da strawberries

Ko da yake horar da nau'in Pandora yana bukatar haƙuri da ƙwarewa, wannan tsari ba zai zama matsala ga masu aikin lambu ba. Mun shirya maka bayani masu amfani game da yadda za a tabbatar da cewa amfanin gona na wannan nau'in strawberry na iya kawo farin ciki har ma don fara shiga aikin lambu.

Zabi na seedlings

Da ba daidai ba zaba strawberry seedlings iya nullify duk kokarin ku girma da dadi da kuma m berries. Kafin sayen bushes, koyaushe a hankali duba bayyanar su - shuka dole ne bayyanar lafiyar jiki, ganye da kuma tushen tsarin dole ne su kasance marasa lalacewa kuma ba tare da lalacewa ba, kuma ganye ba su da aibobi da creases.

Ka ba da amfani ga bishiyoyi, wanda ya girma ba fiye da uku ba, - bayan ka shuka shuka a kasa, ƙananan ganye za su dauke shi da ƙarfin da kuma danshi, wanda zai rage jinkirin tsarin ci gaba.

Wani muhimmiyar rawa ce ta wurin sayen seedlings - yana da kyau saya shrubs don dasa shuki daga lambu masu tabbatarwa ko kuma a cikin ƙananan jinya da kiwo. Don haka za ku kasance da tabbacin cewa kuna samo irin strawberries wanda kuka biya, kuma yiwuwar cewa kwari da cututtuka za su shiga cikin gonar ku tare da ƙasa kusan kadan.

Koyi yadda za a dasa shuki strawberries, ko shuka, ko girma a ƙarƙashin kayan rufe, yadda ake ciyarwa a cikin bazara da kaka, yadda za a kula a lokacin flowering da kuma bayan 'ya'yan itace, yadda za'a shirya don hunturu.

Yanayin tsarewa

Idan ka yanke shawarar girma wannan iri-iri na Burtaniya a kan shirinka, to sai ka fara da hankali sosai wajen zaɓar wurin da zai dace don dasa Pandora, kazalika da shirya ƙasa inda za ta yi girma.

Dole ne a cika wuri, ba tare da fasali ba, zai fi dacewa da zaɓar jagorancin kudu-yamma. Tabbatar cewa matakin ruwan kwarara na ƙasa bai zama ƙasa da m 1 daga ƙasa ba - wannan hanyar kawar da ambaliya daga tushen, kuma zaka iya kauce wa bayyanar zurfin ƙasa cikin ƙasa.

Kafin dasa shuki a ƙasa ya kamata a hade shi da kariminci tare da ma'adinai ko kayan ado. Wannan doka tana amfani da lokacin dasa dukkanin lambun strawberries, amma a cikin yanayin "Pandora" - ba a cikin la'akari da su ba. Ba tare da isasshen shiri na kasar gona ba kafin dasa shuki seedlings, duk kokarinka na cin abinci m da dadi na iya zama banza.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kwararrun lambu sun shawarci lokaci-lokaci na bakin ciki fitar da farin ciki strawberry ganye. Wannan hanya yana da amfani a cikin cewa ba ya bari bushes su ciyar da makamashi akan ciyar da wasu ganye, kuma yana da kyau mai rigakafi akan bayyanar rot, kamar yadda karin hasken rana zai kai ga sararin samaniya.

Kasar gona da taki

Abin da ke cikin ƙasa yana da tasirin gaske a kan ingancin girbi na kowane tsire-tsire, kuma strawberries ba banda. Mafi matsakaicin matsakaici na girma strawberries na kowane irin shine mai haske mai haske da ƙasa tare da kananan admixtures na yashi da yumbu, acidity ya kamata a tsaka tsaki matakin - 6.5-7.0.

Muhimmanci hanzarta girma da strawberries da kuma inganta ingancin girbi zai taimaka wajen gabatarwar kwayoyin da ma'adinai. Da takin gargajiya, yana da mafi inganci don amfani da humus, ko kaza. Kafin kayi amfani da irin wannan taki, ya kamata a shafe shi da ruwa, kimanin adadi - 1 zuwa 20.

Lokacin yin amfani da taki mai kaza a matsayin taki, da farko ka bukaci yin jiko, to sai ka tsoma shi da ruwa

Mafi yawancin takin gargajiya ana amfani dashi a cikin bazara ko kafin dasa shuki a sabon wuri. Daga cikin kayan ado na ma'adinai, da takin mai magani, wanda ya hada da potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen, suna da amfani ga Pandora strawberries. Yin irin takin mai magani mai mahimmanci ya taimaka wajen saturate da strawberries tare da kayan abinci mai mahimmanci kuma sa berries dandana karin mai dadi da wadata.

Ana yin miya a cikin ma'adinai bayan an tattara girbi. Bayan wani lokaci na 'ya'yan itace, abubuwan da ke ginawa a cikin takin mai magani masu yawa zasu ba da ƙarfin strawberry don samar da sababbin buds da asalinsu.

Koyi yadda za a yi amfani da naman alade, doki, saniya, zomo, man tumaki kamar taki.

Watering da danshi

A lokacin da kayan lambu na kayan lambu sun yi amfani da shi, sun fi dacewa su shayar da ruwa, wanda aka samu ta hanyar shigar da ƙarin tsarin ban ruwa. Amma sabaccen watering na gonar watering yana iya zama da amfani, babban abu: kada ka manta cewa tushen strawberries suna kusa da ƙasa, don haka ruwan kwafin ruwa zai iya cutar da su.

Strawberries a lokacin flowering da fruiting zai buƙaci daidaitaccen watering.

Ɗaya daga cikin watering a mako daya ya isa, kuma a cikin wani yanayi mai zafi musamman - sau ɗaya a cikin kwana uku. Idan yana da damuwa da sanyi a waje da taga, to, ya fi dacewa don dakatar da watering a rana mai zuwa - wuce haddi na danshi zai iya haifar da cututtuka da dama wanda Pandora iri iri ne mai saukin kamuwa.

Duk da haka, yana da daraja tunawa da cewa idan akwai zafi a lokacin lokacin 'ya'yan itace, zaka iya yin ruwa sau da yawa a maraice

Lokaci mafi kyau don "wanke" strawberries a lokacin rani shine safiya. Wannan lokaci ya dace saboda kafin ruwa ya kwashe ƙarƙashin hasken rana na rana, tsire-tsire za su sami lokaci su sha matsakaicin adadin laka.

Shin kuna sani? Birnin Plougastel, wanda yake a bakin tekun Faransa, yana da Gidan Gida na Strawberry. Ya ƙunshi dogon tarihi na namo daga cikin wadannan berries. Wannan birni kuma ya haɗu da bikin Strawberry na shekara-shekara, wanda yake shahararrun wasan da ya yi don mafi kyawun kaya na wannan jan Berry.

Abota da zafin jiki

Bisa ga yawancin lambu da dama, a cikin yankuna masu zafi, Pandora bushes yayi girma da yawa, yayinda tsarin fashewa ya ragu fiye da yanayin yanayin sanyi. Bugu da ƙari, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun rasa bayyanar ado kuma ana iya rufe su da konewa a wurare inda yawan hasken rana ke haskakawa. Don kara yawan adadin bambancin su na strawberries zai iya zama a cikin matsanancin yanayin zafi.

Don fahimtar ko wannan nau'in zai iya ajiyewa a kan gadajenku, yana yiwuwa a farkon shekara don shuka ƙananan bishiyoyin "Pandora" da kuma duba girma. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan nau'in ba ya jure wa daskarewa. Saboda kwarewar da aka samu na tsawon lokaci, za'a iya jinkirta tsari na shirya don hutawa kafin jinkirin sanyi. Mutane da yawa sun yi amfani da kayan lambu a Pandora bushes tun tsakiyar Nuwamba.

Koyi yadda za a iya gyara ganye da gashin-baki na strawberries.

Sake bugun da dasa

Akwai hanyoyi uku na kiwo iri iri iri na "Pandora": ta amfani da tsaba, matasa harbe da rarraba daji. Yi la'akari da kowane hanya a cikin dalla-dalla:

  1. Hanyar shuka. Shuka tsaba fara a tsakiyar Fabrairu. Don inganta germination na Pandora tsaba, ya kamata a stratified kafin shuka. Don yin wannan, kana buƙatar sanya tsaba a cikin akwati, rufe su da wani takalma na gashi na auduga damp kuma bar su cikin firiji don makonni biyu. Ana iya samun yawan zazzabi mai dacewa da + 2-5 ° C a cikin sassan don adana kayan lambu da ɗanyun ganye ko a kan ƙananan ɗakunan firiji.

    Sau ɗaya a rana, bude tsaba don oxygen, kuma yarda da auduga da ruwa. Bayan fassewar, tsaba Pandora suna shirye don dasa shuki a cikin kwantena na musamman ko kofuna na filastik. Yi hankali a sanya tsaba a wani nesa mai nisa daga cikin kwandon da aka yi wa ƙasa mai tsabta - ba ka buƙatar rufe su, za ka iya dan kadan zurfi tare da wasa.

    Daga sama akwati ya rufe shi da polyethylene kuma yana cikin wuri mai haske, yana da kyau kada a dauki gefen rana - tsaba na "Pandora" zasu iya bushe, bayan haka baza ku ga sprouts a cikin akwati ba. Zaka iya yin nau'i na biyu tare da toothpick don samun iska, amma mafi sau da yawa ana samun kyakkyawan microclimate ba tare da ramuka ba. Watering da tsaba kuma ba dole - danshi daga ƙasa za su shirya a kan polyethylene da drip a kansu, ta haka irrigating nan gaba seedlings.

    Bayan dan lokaci, zaku lura cewa seedlings sun fara girma kuma kananan ganye sun fara bayyana - jira har sai akalla uku daga cikinsu sun girma, kuma suna fara nutsewa da seedlings. Mataki na gaba shi ne canzawa cikin seedlings a cikin tukwane. A kasa, sanya magudanta - duwatsu, bawo, da yashi, kuma cika saman tare da ƙasa mai kyau.

    A tsakiyar cikin tukunya, yin ƙananan ƙin zuciya, a hankali sanya wani saurayi a ciki kuma yayyafa da ƙasa. Ruwa da tsire-tsire kamar yadda ake bukata kuma ya kare su daga zayyanawa. Daga ƙarshen Maris, zaka iya ɗaukar tukwane zuwa iska mai tsabta don ƙwaƙwalwa - kowane lokaci ƙara yawan tsawon zama a cikin sararin sama. Shin wannan hankali don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da strawberries a sanyaya. Canjin wurin iri iri na "Pandora" na lambun gadaje za'a iya shirya don ƙarshen Afrilu.

    Dangane da tsarin da ake fama da damuwa da rashin yarda a cikin siffofi na samfurori, anyi amfani da ƙwayar iri na strawberry sosai.

  2. Kiwo matasa harbe. Wannan shine hanya mafi sauki. Kuna buƙatar jira har sai daji "Pandora" zai saki gefen harbe - antennae - kuma ya rufe shi da karamin ƙasa.

    Bayan dan lokaci, harbi zai fara tushe, kuma kuna buƙatar tono shi, sa'annan ku yanke gashin da ke haɗa sabon daji tare da uwar daji. Za ku sami gandun daji mai suna "Pandora", wanda ke shirye don canzawa zuwa wani wuri.

    Strawberry iri-iri Molling Pandora ya ba da in mun gwada da manyan adadin antennae

  3. Rarraban daji a cikin sassa. Ta wannan hanya, zaka iya girma girma bushes na lambu strawberries, wanda samar da babban adadin harbe da ganye. Zai yiwu a rarraba cikin sassa a cikin kaka bayan strawberry ya ƙare fruiting.

    Ya kamata ka zabi wani katako mai dacewa kuma raba shi zuwa sassa biyu ko uku - lura cewa a kowanne bangare dole ne a yi akalla uku karfi da ganye da kuma dogon tushen. Nan da nan bayan rarraba, "Pandora" ya shirya don saukowa a wani sabon wuri - tono wani rami mai zurfi, sanya rami a ciki, a yayyafa shi da ƙasa da kuma zuba ruwa a kanta.

Yana da muhimmanci! Strawberries na buƙatar sabbin lokatai zuwa sabon wuri kowane shekara 3-4. Mafi mahimmanci, lambun 'ya'yan itace suna girma a cikin waɗannan gadaje inda dankali da legumes sun yi girma a gabansa.

Matsalar girma da shawarwari

Shuka wani lambun iri-iri iri iri "Pandora", a shirye don gaskiyar cewa kafin ka ci 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi, dole ne ka shawo kan wasu matsaloli. Abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne zaɓi na iri-iri iri-iri na tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire na "Pandora". Wannan matasan iri-iri ne da kyau pollinated tare da wadannan iri: "Vikat", "Sophie", "Florence". Shuka su a kusa da Pandora, da ƙudan zuma kuma iska zata yi sauran aikin.

Ya kamata a lura da bukatar buƙatar wajibi na doka na kayan lambu. Wannan nau'i-nau'i ne sauƙin kamuwa da nau'in ire-iren iri saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙananan raƙuman sun fāɗi ƙasa ƙarƙashin nauyin cikakke. Don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta - kana buƙatar rufe sararin samaniya a karkashin daji tare da karamin Layer na bambaro ko sawdust.

Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi

Daga cikin cututtukan '' strawberry ', fatywwald, tabo da lalata su ne mafi haɗari ga girbin "Pandora". Don rage yiwuwar shan kashi wadannan cututtuka na fungal na iya zama tare da taimakon kayan aikin noma da aka tsara a cikin namo na strawberries.

Idan ka lura da alamun shan kashi na kayan lambu da kayan lambu tare da fungal spores, to ba zaka iya yin ba tare da spraying tare da fungicides. Kar ka manta da su kaddamar da sassa na shuke-shuke. Hakanan zaka iya aiwatar da rigakafin rigakafi tare da sunadarai - kafin a samar da peduncles, da kuma nan da nan bayan ƙarshen 'ya'yan itace.

Har ila yau, jarabawa, ba su da kishi ga dadi "Pandora": aphid, gizo-gizo mite, weevils - waɗannan su ne manyan abokan gaba da ke kawo hatsari ga nau'o'in mu. Zaka iya yakar su ta hanyar maganin maganin kwari, misali, Aktellik ko Aktara.

Watering kamar yadda ake buƙata, gyaran gadaje, haɗuwa mai dacewa - wannan tsari ne wanda zai inganta juriya na "Pandora" zuwa cututtuka da kwari.

Yanzu ku san dukkan asirin girma na lambun lambu na Pandora. Girbi mai girma da dandano mai kyau na berries da kuka tattara sunyi dacewa da kokarin da ake amfani dasu wajen bin tsarin agrotechnology na noma.

Video: girma strawberries Pandora

Iri-iri na strawberries strawberries "Pandora": reviews

Ban taɓa samun matsala tare da pollination ba, kamar yadda akwai wasu iri iri iri a cikin tarin (a yanzu fiye da 50) kuma iska a yankinmu tana bugu akai-akai. Kuma a kan Pandora (da kuma a wasu nau'o'in), bai lura da matsalolin da aka yi ba.

Kuma tare da launin toka launin toka yafi ƙwayar ƙwayar shuki da kuma cirewa na ganye a lokacin girbi na berries don samun iska mai kyau.

Sai dai ba tare da sha'awar sha'awa ba, da kuma la'akari da rassan daji - bar isa don hotuna photosynthesis.

Nikolai
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Na girma wannan iri-iri na shekaru masu yawa. Lalle ne, matsaloli da pollination ba su lura ba. Spotting vylazyat kawai idan kasar gona dried da kuma mafi yawa a kan 2-3 shekara daya bushes. Yawan aiki yana da yawa.

Very high juriya ticks.

Ban san yadda kowa ba - zan dandana daya daga cikin mafi kyau! By m, ma.

Amfanin girma a kan Berry. Lokacin da wasu nau'ukan da aka yuwuwa suka bar, farashin ya tashi. Kuma tun lokacin da ba a tuba ba har abada, an sayar da shi sosai.

Akwai bayanai game da dasa masana'antu a yamma (har zuwa 0.5 ha).

Hotuna na 1 - 'ya'yan itace mai daushi.

Hotuna suna tsufa. A wannan kakar, ina fatan nafotkat har yanzu

Oleg Saveyko
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Ba guda iri ɗaya ya ba ni irin wannan adadi mai kyau irin su Pandora, duk da matsanancin zafi ...
Florence
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