Babu wani abu mafi kyau fiye da samun gonar fure kusa da gidanmu. Kyawawan kayan kyau sun zo a cikin bazara, lokacin da duk abin da ke furewa, kuma dandano suna watsa daruruwan mita a kusa. A cikin wannan lambun, mai launin toka "Grefshaym", wanda aka rarrabe shi da yawan furanni a kan ƙananan harbe, ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. A cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna dalla-dalla game da wannan matasan spirea, bari mu dubi dokokin dasawa da kula da fure.
Bayanan Botanical
Bambanci "Grefsheym" an bred by shayarwa a matsayin matasan m spirea. Babban manufar kiwo shi ne ya kawo kyakkyawar kyan gani wanda zai bambanta da 'yan uwansa a cikin girmansa da jure wa wasu cututtuka da kwari. Spiraea daji "Grefshaym" zai iya isa zuwa tsawo na 200 cm, yayin da diamita na kambi wani lokacin kai 300 cm. Girman yana yadawa, harbe suna girma. Ganye yana da kananan, 2-4 cm tsawo kuma har zuwa 0.8 cm gaba daya. Kafin farkon kwanakin kaka, ganye suna cike da launi mai launin launin toka kuma suna da farin farin ciki daga ƙasa. A ƙarshen Satumba, ganye sun zama launi mai launin rawaya. 
Shin kuna sani? Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa yiwuwar hada glycoside salicin daga Grefsham, wani abu wanda, bayan jerin sunadarai, an juya zuwa acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).Lokacin flowering na daji zai fara a watan Mayu. A sa'an nan kuma an bayyana dukan ƙaranan kayan ado na Grefsheim. Furensa suna da dusar ƙanƙara, ƙananan (game da 1 cm a diamita). Daga gefen yana iya zama alama cewa an rufe shi da launi na dusar ƙanƙara - ƙananan furanni an rufe shi sosai da harbe. Lokacin flowering yana kwanaki 40-50. Tun daga shekara ta biyu, furanni sun zama kyakkyawan tsire-tsire na zuma kuma suna jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma ƙari.
Asalin iri-iri
Kwayar Spiraea yana da kimanin nau'in nau'in shuke-shuke daji. Yawancin su suna da sauƙi. Wannan kayan amfanin gona ya yi amfani da shi a shekarar 1949. Sun halicci spiraea launin toka, yayin lokaci guda suna tsallaka launin fatar-launin toka da dabba-dabba.
Ka koya kan kanka tare da irin yanayin da ake yi na yarinya na Japon, fure-fure, Nippon spirea, Bumald spirea, willow spirea, Grefsham spirea, birch spirea, Wangutta spirea.
Sabbin iri-iri na daji ya zama mafi tsayayya ga yanayin girma na birane, inda akwai ƙara karɓan ɓataccen lalacewar gurɓataccen yanayi. Tun daga farkon shekarun 50 na karni na karshe, an yi amfani da matasan da yawa. Duk da haka, mafi shahararren kwanan wata ya kasance "Grefsheym".
Yi amfani da zane-zane
Ana amfani da wannan kyakkyawar daji a cikin kayan ado da zane-zane don yin ado da gonar ko gadaje masu fure a matsayin masu sana'a da farawa. Grefsheim za a iya amfani dashi a matsayin faɗakarwa, tun da yake ba zai yiwu a yi watsi da kyan zuma mai kyau ba. Zai yiwu a dasa wannan nau'i na furen ta wuri ɗaya ko kungiyoyi, hada "Grefsheym" tare da sauran wakilan jigon halittar Spirea. 
Masu amfani da shimfidar wuri sun yi girma "Grefsheym" a kusa da kananan tafkunan. Hanyar na musamman na launin fatar launin toka ya cancanta a tsakanin magoya bayan Scandinavian style da Provence, kuma duk godiya ga sauƙinsa, ƙazamar da ƙarancin halayya.
Yana da muhimmanci! Nisa tsakanin ramin tasowa don Grefsheim ya kamata ya zama akalla 50 cm, tun da tushen bishiyoyi yayi girma sosai.Yankin kan iyakoki zai kasance babban abin ado na filin wasa ko hanyar lambu. Bugu da kari, shinge yana ba ka damar zaɓar wani yanki, misali, dasa shuki a lawn. "Grefsheym" ya dace ya dasa a cikin bishiyoyi, lambuna na dutse ko gadaje. Kuna iya gwaji ko da yaushe, babban abu ba shine haɗuwa da tsarin da nuna wani abu na fantasy ba.
Shuka da kula da tsire-tsire
Gray Spirea "Grefshaym" ba shine irin shuka da ke buƙatar kula da hankali ba. Duk da haka, na yau da kullum watering da kuma fasaha fertilizing zai taimaka kiyaye duk na ado halaye na snow-farin shrub.
Bincika iri iri da iri na spirea.
Yanayin tsarewa
Spiraea launin toka yana nufin ƙananan iri-iri iri-iri. Don saukowa ya kamata ya zaɓi wuri mai kyau da hasken rana. A cikin matsananciyar yanayin, inuwa mai dacewa ya dace, amma a cikin haske mai haske akwai jinkirin girma. 
Game da zabi wurin a kan shafin, ya kamata ka kula da cewa "Grefsheym" ba ta girma a cikin rami da yada ba, inda dumi yake da mahimmanci. A wa annan wurare daji za su iya yin rashin lafiya (cututtuka na jiki zai bayyana, tsarin tafiyar da tushen tsarin zai fara). Gidan shimfidar wuri mafi kyau shine kudu ko kudu maso yammacin shafin.
Kasar gona da taki
Ga irin ƙasa, wannan nau'i mai kyau ba shi da kyau. Grefsheim ke tsiro da kyau a kowace gonar lambu. Ba tare da wata matsala ba, yana jure kusan kowane acidity, amma ya fi son ƙasa da tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acids. Ma'aikatan sana'a sun ce Grefsheim ya fi kyau girma a kan sabbin abubuwa.
Yana da amfani mu san lokacin da yadda za a shuka spiraea launin toka.
Dole a yi gyaran gyare-gyare mafi sau biyu a lokacin dukan tsire-tsire: na farko - a farkon lokacin bazara, a lokacin da yake farawa da buds, na biyu - a farkon farawa. Dole ne a yi amfani da mahallin ma'adinai na ƙwayoyi kamar yadda takin mai magani (manyan kayan su ne potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen). A farkon spring an bada shawara don ciyar da bushes tare da kwayoyin halitta:
- yankakken kaji;
- saniya jiko;
- Rotted taki.
Watering da danshi
Sau da yawa, ba lallai ba ne a shayar da ƙananan bishiyoyin "Grefsham" - ya isa ya zub da ruwa na 1.5-2 sau biyu a wata a karkashin wata daji. A wannan yanayin, ruwan ya kasance a dakin da zafin jiki. A lokacin tsananin fari, watering ya kamata a ƙara ta sau 2-3, in ba haka ba daji zai rasa kayan ado na ado.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa dole ne a rika sassauta ƙasa a kusa da tsire-tsire don tsabtace ruwa mai kyau. Bayan yawanya da weeding, yana da kyawawa don cike ƙasa tare da foliage, bambaro, nauyin gashi. Mulching taimaka kula da kyakkyawan danshi a kusa da tushen tsarin daji.
Abota da zafin jiki
Gray Spiraea zai iya tsayayya da matsakaicin yanayi mai kyau na yanayin daminmu ba tare da wata matsala ba. Sakamako mafi kyau ga Grefsheim a lokacin rani ya bambanta daga +21 zuwa + 25 ° C. Ba'a buƙatar tsari don hunturu, amma a yankunan da ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, dole har yanzu kuna buƙatar tsara shuka. Yana nufin yankin 4th na juriya sanyi, wanda ke nufin cewa spiraea mai launin toka na iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi zuwa -34.4 ° C.
Yawancin lokaci gonar ta zama wurin hutawa, amma kada ayi manta cewa zai iya zama tushen haɗari, muna magana akan tsire-tsire masu guba a yankin: Brugmansia, foxglove, castorpot, colchicum, buttercup, aquilegia, aconite.
Shuka shuka da dasa
Mutane da yawa masu bada shawara sun bada shawarar dasa "Grefsheim" a ƙarshen kaka. Dasa rami ya gwada 'yan kwanaki kafin dasa shuki. Girman tudun ya kamata ya zama kimanin 50x10 cm A daidai lokacin ranar dasa, turf, yashi da peat ya kamata a kara su zuwa tuddai a cikin kashi biyu na 2: 1: 1. Dole ne a sauƙaƙe tushen kayan dasawa a cikin rami, sa'an nan kuma tsarin ya kamata a rufe shi da ƙasa kuma a takaice a kan ƙasa. 
Shin kuna sani? Spiraea yana da arziki a bitamin C da carotene, don haka an dade yana amfani dashi don dalilai na magani - sun shirya tinctures, decoctions.Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki da shuka ya kamata a shayar. A ƙarƙashin kowane daji yana zuba daga 8 zuwa 12 lita na ruwan dumi. Mulching ne kawai aka gudanar ne kawai idan aikin saukowa ya faru a cikin bazara. A hanya, an bada shawarar dasa shudin ruwa don a yi shi kafin fashewar, in ba haka ba banda ƙarancin ba zai iya sauka ba.
Karanta kuma game da irin nau'ikan shrubs masu launin furanni da furanni masu furanni za a iya dasa su a gonar ka.
Spiraea propagates launin toka "Grefsheym" hanyoyi biyu:
- Alamar rubutu;
- layering.
Irin wannan samfurin ya shafi abubuwan da ake gudanarwa ta wannan mataki:
- Wajibi ne a yanke wa matasa ƙananan raƙuman ƙira daga ƙananan tsirrai (ba fiye da kashi 4-5) ba.
- An raba rassan cikin cuttings, tsawonsa ba zai wuce 10 cm ba.
- Ya kamata a dasa shuki a cikin kwantena da aka shirya a baya tare da ƙasa, wanda abun ciki zai zama kamar haka: ƙasa marar fata, peat, kogin yashi a cikin rabbin 2: 2: 1.
- Lokacin da tushen tsarin ya bayyana, an cire cuttings a cikin ƙasa. Tushen rassan spirea ya bayyana da sauri: cuttings da aka shuka a tsakiyar lokacin rani zasu sami tushen tsarin da farkon watan Oktoba.
Pruning
Ya kamata a dauki spuninga pruning a shekara bayan ƙarshen lokacin flowering na daji. Tsarin ƙaddamarwa yana da sauki kuma baya buƙatar ƙwarewa na musamman. Cire cire ƙwayoyi da yawa ya ba da damar daji yayi karin haske a gaba shekara. A cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ana cire wasu sassan na harbe kafin lokacin farawa da karfi. Dukkanin harbe da suka shafi cututtuka ko kwari dole ne a cire su gaba daya, sannan su ƙone. A cikin tsire-tsire masu girma, an cire kashi huɗu daga cikin harbe daga tushe.
Video: yadda za a datsa bushes
Matsalolin da suka yiwu a girma
Tare da kulawa da kyau, matsaloli da girma Grefsheim sau da yawa ba su tashi. Wasu lambu suna fuskantar matsaloli na hunturu matasa matasa. Kodayake "Grefsheim" yana da yanayin sanyi mai sanyi 4, duk da haka, a yanayin zafi daga -25 zuwa -35 ° C, ƙananan ƙwayoyi zasu iya daskarewa a kan daji. Ana bada shawara don rufe kambi na spirea a yanayin zafi a ƙasa -20 ° C, ta yin amfani da burlap ko shirye greenhouses.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Babban kwari don Grefshaym ne spireevaya aphid, whitefin, blue tavolgovy sawfly. Wani lokaci wani daji zai iya shawo kan gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, shaida daga ciki shi ne gizo gizo-gizo a kan dabbobin ganyayyaki. Don magance ƙwayoyin cuta, yana da kyau don amfani:
- "Inta-vir";
- "Decis";
- "Fitoverm";
- "Bi-58";
- da dama kwayoyi bisa karbofos da analogues.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin yakin da aphids, daya daga cikin sunadarai mafi inganci shine Pirimor.Babban cututtuka na spirea "Grefsheym" sune launin toka da ƙuƙwalwa. A cikin yaki da irin wannan cututtuka zai taimaka "Ditan", "Fundazol." Hakanan zaka iya amfani da shirye-shirye na colloidal sulfur ko kuma da gangan shirya wani bayani mai ruwa-ruwa na Bordeaux ruwa.
Don rigakafin cututtuka da kwari, ya isa ya kula da kula da ƙananan bishiyoyi: ruwa da shi a lokaci mai kyau, sako a kai a kai, sassauta ƙasa da takin. Duk da haka, wasu lambu sun fi son amfani da irin wannan magungunan kashe qwari don dalilai na prophylactic:- Kronefos (0.3%);
- Actellic (0.1%);
- Etafos (0.2%).
A ƙarshe, ya kamata a lura cewa girasar launin toka "Grefsheim" ba shi da kyau a kwatanta da wasu shuke-shuke ornamental. Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan bishiyoyi suna jaddada kusan kowane kayan ado, don haka suna da mashahuri da masu zane-zane daga fannonin duniya.
