Carnation - furen da aka fi dacewa a wurare masu zaman kansu, domin baya ga siffofin masu kyau, yana da ƙanshi mai dadi sosai. Masu shuka furanni suna fitar da irin wannan tsire-tsire, kuma daga nisa daga wurin karshe a cikin shahararrun shine carnation pinnate. Yi la'akari da siffofinsa a cikin labarin.
Bayanan Botanical
Wannan tsire-tsire mai girma na girma har zuwa 30-40 cm a tsawo, halin da ke tsaye mai tushe, layin sarsile da furanni da aka tattara a laima inflorescences. Tsarin tushen shi ne babban abu, 'ya'yan itace akwatin. Game da launi na furanni, suna iya zama fari, m, har ma sun haɗa da tabarau da yawa (alal misali, duhu ja da fari). Flowering na faruwa a tsakiyar lokacin rani - daga karshen watan Yuni da kuma cikin Yuli.
Yi ado da kanka tare da mafi yawan nau'o'in cloves, musamman ma ciyawa, Turkiyya, Shabo da Sinanci.
Kamar sauran tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, hawan gashin tsuntsaye a cikin shekara ta farko bayan dasa shuki akan shafin zai faranta maka rai kawai tare da tasiri mai karfi, kuma furanni zasu bayyana a kan shuka kawai daga shekara ta biyu na ci gaba. 
Yada
An yi imani da cewa gabashin gabashin Turai, da kuma yankuna na tsakiya da kudancin Rasha, ita ce wurin haifar da jinsunan cirrus, amma a yau ana rarraba ta a iyakar iyakokinta. Don haka, bayanin game da noma ya fito ne daga Arewacin Amirka, Sin har ma da Afirka, saboda ganin irin gashin tsuntsaye ne kawai ba zai iya barin masu shuka furanni daga sassa daban-daban na duniya ba.
Shin kuna sani? Carnations, wanda ake kira "flower of Zeus," a zamanin d ¯ a, 'yan asalin ƙasashe sun dauki talisman, sabili da haka sun haɗa da tufafin soja da ke yaki (wannan ya fi dacewa a Italiya da Faransa).
Popular irin clove feathery
Masu shayarwa ba za su zauna a banza na minti daya ba, don haka ko da nau'in gashin tsuntsaye yana da bambancin bambancinta. Mafi shahararrun su shine tsire-tsire masu zuwa:
- Scottish Terry Clove - tsiro har zuwa 40 cm kuma ana nuna nauyin tabarau na furanni.
- "Menjesti" - furanni daban-daban da m.
- Repair Form - tsire-tsiren girma zuwa 25 cm, Bloom sau biyu a shekara (a watan Yuni da Agusta) kuma yana iya samun furanni na terry ko na biyu.
- Carnation dwarf - wakilta mai tsayi 25 cm tare da furanni mai girma (har zuwa 6 cm a diamita). Mutane da yawa varietal bambancin da dwarf carnation Bloom kawai a cikin hunturu, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suke sau da yawa girma cikin gida.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsarin gine-gine a kan shafinsa yana da mahimmanci mai amfani, saboda karfinsa mai karfi yana ƙarfafa ƙasa. Don haka, ana shuka tsire-tsire a kan gangarawa da gangaren shafin ko a gefen gado mai laushi tare da sako da ƙasa.
Yi amfani da zane-zane
Dangane da nau'o'in nau'o'in nau'in nau'i na launin fata, ana iya kiyaye su daga marigayi May zuwa marigayi Yuli, kuma a wasu lokuta, furanni suna sake farawa - kusa da kaka. Saboda haka, yana daya daga cikin mafi dacewar zaɓuɓɓuka domin yin ado da gonar, saboda ya dace da ƙirƙirar lambun dutse da gadaje na flower. Mun gode wa sashin layi, sashen jiki zai zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don ƙirƙirar murfofi na rufin ƙasa da matasan fure mai haske. A wurare masu zafi, wadannan tsire-tsire zasu iya maye gurbin launi na musamman, kuma a hade tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da wardi zasu haifar da yanayin gida mai jin dadi.
Girma a gida
Fuskar da aka kwatanta ba za a iya kira shi da tsire-tsire mai tsada ba, don haka ana iya girma a wurare masu budewa da a cikin gida mai suna greenhouse, babban abu shi ne ya bi wasu yanayi masu girma, tabbatar da kulawa da kulawa.
Yi la'akari da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da kula da cloves na gida.
Yanayin tsarewa
Na farko, yanke shawara akan dalilin da kake son shuka furanni: don ado gidanka ko kuma ado kayan lambu. A kan wannan ya dogara da hanyar dasa shuki da kuma yanayin da za ta ci gaba. A cikin akwati na farko, za ku buƙaci tukwane na 30-centimeter da kuma isasshen wuri don sanya su, da yanayin yanayi mai dacewa - game da + 18 ... 20 ° C (a cikin sanyi, waɗannan dabi'u na iya zama ƙasa). Yayinda aka yi watsi da wuri a wuri mai haske, haske mai kyau na shafin, amfanin gona da magudanar ruwa an dauke shi cikin asusu. Cirrus carnation yana son haske sosai, amma ba ya jure wa ambaliya rhizomes.
Kasar gona da taki
Tsarin mahimmanci na shuka wanda aka bayyana shine zai zama ruwan yashi da ƙasa mai laushi tare da adadin humus da yashi. Bugu da ƙari, ba za mu iya watsi da acidity na substrate ba, wanda ya zama tsaka tsaki. A kan albarkatu masu guba, rufin gashin tsuntsaye yana tsiro sosai, saboda haka, kafin a dasa shi, an kara peat da yashi, kuma idan ya cancanta, wannan cakuda yana cike da dolomite gari.
Don wadatar da ƙasa da kuma ciyar da tsire-tsire, yi amfani da takin gargajiya: bambaro, labaran tattabara, lambun kaji na Florex, cin nama, abincin kifi, whey, barkan dankalin turawa, takin, eggshell, furen peel da ƙurar taba.
Watering da danshi
A lokacin busassun, ana shayar da tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a mako, amma idan a wannan lokaci ko da adadin haɗuwa ya fadi, to, ya fi kyau kada a taba furen. Tsarin ƙasa da tsire-tsire na tsalle ba zai jure ba, wanda zai iya cutar da shi har ma ya mutu a cikin kwanakin. Don wannan dalili, yana da daraja guje wa danshi mai laushi akan shafin, kuma idan ya cancanta, yana da kyawawa don shirya shiri mai tsabta.
Yi amfani da kwarewa da amfani da amfani da ruwa mai ban sha'awa, da kuma yadda za a tsara tsarin rassan ruwa a cikin dacha.
Kiwo
Ana iya rarraba iri iri na Cirrus a hanyoyi da dama, wanda kowannensu ya zabi mafi dacewa da kansu. Wani ya fi sauƙi don yayi girma daga tsaba, wani ya fi so ya yi amfani da hanyar haruffa, da kuma sauran masu shuka sun samu nasarar shiga cikin rassan daji.
Tsaba
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin wuri mai bude a watan Mayu, amma bayan kyawawan yanayi na ƙasa. Tsakanin matakan da ke kusa da su suna barin 'yan centimeters na sararin samaniya, da kuma bayan dasa bishiyoyi. 
Carnation na shuka
Domin tsire-tsire su zauna a cikin gadon filawa, za ku iya shuka tsaba a farkon bishiyoyi, sannan daga bisani ya motsa su zuwa yankin da aka zaɓa (lokacin da seedlings suna da karfi da harbe, zai zama mafi sauƙi a gare su don tsayayya da abubuwan muhalli masu banƙyama). Tsarin shuka kayan shuka a cikin yanayin ɗakin yana faruwa a cikin matakai masu zuwa:
- Shirya cakuda turf land, peat da kogi yashi (1: 1: 1) da kuma rarraba shi a cikin tanada tanada tankuna.
- Ƙananan ruwa da ƙasa tare da ruwa, bari ruwa ta jiƙa a, da kuma shuka da tsaba, deepening cikin substrate 1-2 cm.
- Yayyafa da seedlings tare da karamin Layer yashi kuma rufe kwalaye tare da fim.
A karo na farko, za'a sanya kwalaye a cikin daki da yawan zafin jiki na akalla + 18 ° C, kuma da zarar matasan suka fara fitowa, zasu buƙaci a motsa su a ɗakin mai mai dadi da zafin jiki na + 12 ° C. Amma don hasken wuta, ya kamata ya zama mai yawa, in ba haka ba za ku gama kammala haskenku na shuka da fitolampa ba.
Idan baza'a iya sanya seedlings a cikin haske ba, to, dole ne ka rage yawan ruwa don kada ya haifar da fitowar irin rashin lafiya kamar rashin fata. Bayan wata daya bayan yin shuka a cikin tukwane, shuke-shuke zai buƙaci a motsa su a cikin manyan kwantena (nutsewa), amma ba tare da zurfafa gwanin tushen a cikin ƙasa ba. Daga baya, idan yanayi ya dumi a waje, ana shuka shuke-shuke a yankin da aka zaɓa (wannan yana faruwa ne a ƙarshen watan Mayu).
Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan bayyanar 4-5 gashin ganye a kan ƙwayar matasan, yana da muhimmanci don tayar da siffar girma.
Lokacin dasa shuki kananan yara a kan shafin, yana da mahimmanci don biyan makircin mafi kyau, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin ya bada tsawon lokaci na mita 35 (bayan lokaci, tsire-tsire za su sami rassan ganye da kuma mai tushe, samar da kyakkyawan wuri mai rai). Cikakken cikakken za'a iya sa ran bayan shekaru 1-2.
Vegetative
Idan saboda kowane dalili ba a yi amfani da iri ba don zama mai kyau a gare ku, to, za ku iya janye jikinku na gashin tsuntsaye a kan shirinku ta hanyar yanke ko rarraba rhizome. Gyara yana taimaka wajen adana halaye na furen furen kuma baya da wuya a yi kamar yadda zai iya bayyanawa. Cuttings an samu daga harbe cewa ba su da furanni a kan kansu, amma tare da 2-3 knots kuma game da 4-10 cm tsawo. 
Vegetatively propagated cloves
Kowane "sandunansu" ya kamata a kara zurfafa a cikin akwati da yashi a cikin santimita kadan kuma ya rufe shi da fim a saman. Da zarar cuttings suna da tushen tsarin su, za a iya motsa su zuwa wurin da aka zaba a gonar ko hagu har sai bazara, amma a zafin jiki ba kasa da + 15 ° C. A cikin akwati na farko, yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da dasa a farkon lokacin rani, da kuma bayan hunturu, ana dasa bishiyoyi ne kawai a cikin watan Mayu.
Hanya na biyu na yaduwa ganyayyaki na carnations ya hada da rarraba wani daji na hanzari na tasowa da hanyoyi masu yawa. Babu wani abu mai wuyar gaske a cikin wannan hanya: an zaɓi shrub da aka zaba daga ƙasa kuma ya kasu kashi biyu, amma saboda tsarin tushen shi ya kasance mai kiyayewa. Kowace sassan da aka karɓa sun sauka a wuri dabam. Ana bada shawarar yin amfani da wannan hanyar ƙwarewa a farkon karuwar carnation, wato, a cikin bazara ko a ƙarshen lokacin rani.
Video: dasa shuki clove feathery
Abota da zafin jiki
Ga yankuna da yanayin yanayi mai sanyi, tsinkayen gwaninta zai zama tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu sanyi wanda ba ya buƙatar kowane tsari ko da a cikin magunguna. Duk da haka, a arewacin yankunan da yanayin zafi a sama -30 ° C, masu kula da lambu ya kamata su kula da ƙarin tsari wanda zai taimaka wajen kare furanni (musamman matasa) har zuwa shekara ta gaba.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu a girma
Girman furen da aka kwatanta bazai zama mawuyacin wahala ba, har ma ga wani mawaki mai mahimmanci, amma wasu daga cikin nuances na tsari har yanzu suna da daraja. Alal misali, yawancin jiki ba ya son yin amfani da ƙasa, saboda haka yana da kyawawa don ware duk wani yiwuwar ambaliya. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata ka kula da weeding na plantations, musamman a yanayin saukan matasa bushes. A wannan yanayin, kayi ƙoƙari kada ku cire tsire-tsire na kansu kuma kada ku lalata tsarin tushen su, tun a nan gaba ba za suyi tushe ba.
Don ƙirƙirar wasu matsalolin da rashin cin zarafin lokacin da aka dasa furanni. Dukkanin tsaba da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin gadon filawa bazaiyi kyau suyi ta hanyar saukowa a cikin zafin jiki ba, saboda haka yana da kyau a hankali a zaɓi lokacin saukarwa ko ya fi hankali game da kiyaye yanayin yanayi a gida. 
Shin kuna sani? Yaya za a iya cinye takalmin ganyayyaki, kuma godiya ga dandano mai dadi, zasu iya kasancewa mai kyau a hada dasu. A lokaci guda, don dabbobin furanni yana da guba, sabili da haka yana girma ne kawai a wuraren da ba za su iya ba.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Cututtuka da kwari suna iya zama babban matsala a lokacin da suke girma cloves, kodayake iri-iri masu launin furen sun fi tsayayya da su fiye da sauran cloves. Abun mafi yawancin sun hada da fusarium (cututtuka na funga da ke shafar dukan tsire-tsire kuma saboda laɗari mai haɗari a tsarin tushen) da tsatsa (wani sakamako na sama da ƙasa).
Idan kana so karancinka su kasance lafiya da kyau, koyi yadda za a magance cututtuka da kwari na carnations.
A cikin yanayin farko, ainihin bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka suna juyawa daga ɓangaren ɓangaren furanni kusa da tushe, yellowing da karkatarwa na lakaran launi, yayin da a cikin na biyu akwai kumburi daga cikin ganyayyaki da cikakken mutuwa daga cikin shuka. Domin ya ceci koreran ku daga waɗannan bala'i, a farkon alamun ƙauna ya zama wajibi don kula da injin tare da shirye-shiryen fataucin na musamman waɗanda ke da sauki a sayarwa (misali, Bordeaux liquid, Acrobat, Ditan, da dai sauransu). A cikin muhimmancin matakan da ake amfani da su na kiyaye matakan gyare-gyare na kashi 0.5% na gishiri. 
Daga cikin kwari, kwari na carnations su ne earwigs, Bears, da kuma gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, wanda zai lalata dukkan sassa: mai tushe, ganye, da furanni. Hanyar sarrafawa ya dogara da irin kwari:
- Lokacin da beyar ta haɗu a cikin kaka, an bada shawarar shirya wani ramin rami, cike da taki a ciki kuma ya rufe shi da fim don dukan kwari suna tasowa a cikin wannan wuri. Da zuwan bazara, mafakar su ta buɗe kuma tana lalata dukkan mazaunanta. Idan ba ka so ka jira, zaka iya kawai zuba bayani da sabulu da ruwa cikin ramuka.
- Idan jinjina sun sha wahala daga kunne, to, ciyawar ciyawa za ta yi don gina tarkon: suna so su ɓoye shi daga zafi a lokacin rani. Ka'idar aiki ta wannan hanya ita ce kama da wanda ya gabata.
- Idan akwai tsuntsaye, to dole ne a magance dukkan tsire-tsire tare da kwari (alal misali, "Aktelikom") ko kuma amfani da daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a yi magani: albasa albarkatun albasa, jiko da tafarnuwa ko taba, aka lissafta zuwa 10 g da 5 na ruwa.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin waɗannan lokuta, za ka iya amfani da shirye-shirye na kwari wanda aka saya a shagon kantin.
Kamar yadda kake gani, hawan gashin tsuntsaye ya cancanci kulawa, domin ba kawai kyakkyawan kyau ba ne, amma yana da mahimmanci a kulawarsa, wanda ke nufin cewa tare da kuɗin jiki na kudi kadan za ku iya samun kyakkyawar kayan ado na lambun ku.
Bayani daga masu amfani da cibiyar sadarwa game da cloves
Elfi, wadannan halayen suna buƙatar mai yawa haske kuma quite bambanci bambanci a cikin zazzabi da dare da rana, wanda yake da wuya a yi a gida. Ciyar da wani bayani mai zurfi na hadaddun taki kuma kada ku zuba, wanda yake da hatsarin gaske. A halin da ake ciki zai inganta bayan transplanting na seedlings a cikin ƙasa, na tabbatar muku :)
