Kokwamba a cikin wani lambu kusa da Moscow: yadda za a zabi da girma a cikin 2020

Kokwamba sune kayan lambu masu tsananin zafi, amma a cikin yanayi ba za'a iya la'akari da al'adun kudanci ba. Akasin haka, a tsakiyar Rasha ne ake gudanar da bukukuwa daban-daban da kuma bukukuwa da aka keɓe don kokwamba. Kuma sunayen tsoffin iri - Murom, Vyaznikovsky, da dai sauransu - suna nuna cewa a cikin tsakiyar yankuna da kokwamba ji dadi sosai. Kuma, watakila, ba wani ɗan lambu guda ɗaya na Yankin Moscow ba zai iya yin ba tare da haɓaka kore ko pimply ba.

Mafi kyawun iri don yankin na Moscow: bayanin da hoto

Yawancin nau'ikan cucumbers an san su, akwai nau'ikan rarrabuwar nau'ikan su iri ɗaya bisa ga halayen mutum ɗaya. Suna da kyau kuma suna hawa, tsintsaye da letas, da wuri da tsaka-tsaka, da kansu da kuma tsabtace ƙudan zuma, da sauransu. Zuwa yau, adadin nau'ikan iri da kuma nau'ikan dumbin dumbin ganyayyaki sun yi yawa har ka fara shakka: shin akwai ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masani da za su iya fahimtar su? Shin duk waɗannan ɗaruruwan ɗaruruwan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna?

Dangane da wannan, yana fuskantar wahalar bayar da shawarwari kan zabin iri don wani yanki: don dandano da launi ... Tsaya! Da kyau, aƙalla komai yana da kyau tare da launi: mafi yawan cucumbers suna da launin kore, 'ya'yansu ana kiransu greenery. Amma a cikin komai, ya kamata ka dogara kawai ga kwarewarka da kuma shawarar abokai na kusa da ƙwarewa sosai a cikin aikin lambu. Shawarwarin duniya game da zaɓar iri a Yankin Moscow na iya alaƙa da halayyar yanayin yankin, wanda ba a iya faɗi sosai.

Lokacin zabar saƙa don gado mai soaked, ya kamata a yi la’akari da masu zuwa:

• Yana da kyau, musamman don buɗe ƙasa, don zaɓar cucumbers tare da lokacin girbi ba fiye da kwanaki 45-50 ba, wato, in ya yiwu, da farkon farfadowa;
• yana da kyau idan sun yi pollinated (parthenocarpic) cucumbers, tun da ƙudan zuma a cikin yankin Moscow ba sa tashi da ƙarfi a kowace rana, a cikin mummunan yanayi, ana iya barin cucumbers ba tare da hankalin su ba; duk da haka, ana buƙatar nau'in kudan zuma a cikin lambun;
• zabi tsakanin salatin da danshin girki, ya fi kyau kar a wuce gona da iri a sayi iri iri ko kuma nau'ikan halittar dangin duniya;
• kuma a kowane hali, ya kamata a dasa iri iri a kan gado.

Cucumbers na waje

Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara kariya, zaku iya zaɓar ɗayan shahararrun nau'ikan:

• Ant F1 - parthenocarpic, manufar duniya, shirye-shiryen amfanin gona - kwanaki 37-38 bayan tsiro, cucumbers suna da nauyin 100 g;
• Guguwa F1 - sanannun matasan da ke da kayan kwalliya, kudan zuma pollinated, girma tun daga shekarun 1970.;
  

  Fontanel shine kokwamba, sanannu ga ƙwararrun lambu

• Masha F1 - farkon cikakke, parthenocarpic, manufa ta duniya, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su fi 9 cm ba;
• Mai gasa - yana nufin farkon nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'in girki. Yawan aiki yana da girma (har zuwa 8 kg daga 1 m²), an yi niyya ne da farko don namowa a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, kamar yadda ƙudan zuma ke watsa ƙudan zuma, korebacks har zuwa 13 cm tsayi;
  

  Mai gasa - kyakkyawan kyawun kayan kwalliya daga yawan al'ada girma

• Petersburg Express F1 - wani farkon kudan zuma-pollinated matasan tare da taro mai yawa na kimanin 80 g, dalilin salatin;
• Vyaznikovsky 37 - ana iya girbe amfanin gona bayan kwana arba'in, ana samun girma iri iri tun kafin lokacin yaƙin, kudan zuma kumbura, tsintsaye.
  

  Vyaznikovsky 37 - saɓanin sa na tsohuwar iyayenmu

Gyaran shinkafa

Tun da ƙudan zuma ba sa tashi a cikin greenhouse, kuma yana da tsayi da wahala kaɗa ƙurar cucumbers a kansu, a nan akwai buƙatar ka zaɓi daga nau'in parthenocarpic, alal misali:

• Amur F1 shine farkon matattara mai kyau; a farkon farkon cinyar, yana bawa mai shi kusan dukkan amfanin gonar greenbacks mai nauyin 100 g;
  

  Cupid F1 - kokwamba wanda ke ba da 'ya'yan itace kafin sauran nau'ikan
• Zozulya F1 - matasan da suka cancanci dacewa tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu tsawo, suna bada' ya'ya na dogon lokaci, samar da gwaggwabar riba, greenery mai kyawun dandano;
• Claudia F1 - wani misali na matasan tare da bunƙasa fruiting, greenbacks ba su da girma, amfanin gona ya yi yawa, cucumbers ba su wuce gona da iri ba;
  

  Claudia F1 - ɗayan cucumbers wanda bai kamata a tattara kowane kwana biyu ba

• Uragearfafa F1 - wani tsari na ma'anar duniya, tare da haɓaka mai girma da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan ɗanɗano;
• Boyan ƙaramin yatsan F1 shine matasan da ke haɗuwa da sunan: smallaramar ƙarami, babban dandano, ya dace da canning;
  

  Yaro mai yatsu F1 - Kokwamba -aya

• Goosebump F1 - matasan farkon cikakke tare da shortan gajeran m-humped 'ya'yan kyawawan dandano, salatin manufa.

Za a iya ci gaba da jerin abubuwan nan gaba, zamu iya cewa yanzu dai kusan babu wani dandayan da ya rage. Gasar ...

Yanayin girma

Abu mafi mahimmanci wanda ke sa tsirrai masu girma su fito shine cewa suna buƙatar zafi, danshi, da abinci mai yawa. Dangane da al'adun ƙauna-zafi a cikin yankin Moscow, gadaje masu dumama galibi ana shirya su ne ga cucumbers. An yi su musamman a kan ƙasa mai nauyi. A lokaci guda, suna mai da hankali ga shugabanci. Don haka, akan shimfidar lebur, dogo suna kokarin jan ragama daga yamma zuwa gabas, da kuma kan gangara a gefen su. A cikin kananan yankuna na kewayen birni, ana samun riguna don shinge a kusa da ganuwar kudancin gidaje ko shinge.

Kokwamba na daya daga cikin zakarun don buƙatar takin gargajiya, musamman ma na gargajiya. Ba tare da wannan ba, ba shi yiwuwa a yi girma amfanin gona na yau da kullun. Wannan shi ne ɗayan cropsan albarkatun gona da ke jure wa ko da takin sabo, ko da yake ya fi kyau kawo shi ƙarƙashin digging kaka. Zai fi kyau, idan taki akalla rabin quail ne; Ana amfani da peat da takin maimakon, amma ana buƙatar takin mai ma'adinai. Don haka, a 1 m² gadaje suna buƙatar aƙalla buhu ɗaya da rabi na taki, dintsi na itace ash kuma har zuwa 80 g na nitrophoska.

Ana shirya lambun lambu don shekara-shekara a cikin sabon wuri, dawo da al'adar ba a baya ba bayan shekaru uku. Suna ɗaukar abinci mai yawa daga ƙasa, kuma musamman nitrogen. Sabili da haka, mafi kyawun kayan kwalliya na cucumbers sune kayan legumes da suka tara nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, cucumbers suna shuka shuka sosai bayan albasa, tafarnuwa, barkono da tumatir. Kuna iya - bayan karas, beets ko kabeji, amma ba a yarda da shi ba bayan kayan lambu kabewa (watermelons, zucchini, pumpkins).

Kokwamba na fitar da dumbin takin zamani daga ƙasa, don haka ya kamata a shirya gado a cikin sabon wuri duk shekara

Shuka seedlings

A cikin yankuna marasa tsaro, an shuka cucumbers ta hanyar shuka iri kai tsaye a gonar, amma inda bazara ta zo da wuri, kuma kuma idan kuna son samun girbin farkon, ana girka seedlings, ana ɗaukar kusan wata guda. Don yin wannan, dole ne a sami ɗamara mai dumi, indomin ko kuma taga mai haske sosai a cikin ɗakin. A cikin yankin na Moscow, duka hanyoyin samar da cucumbers suna da yawa gama gari (ta hanyar shuka kuma ba tare da su ba).

Kwanakun shuka iri don shuka

Ba za a iya siyan ƙwayar cuman itacen kwamba kowace shekara ba, tunda rayuwar rayuwar su ta shekaru ce, kuma mafi kyau don shuka - shekaru 2-3. Lokacin shuka tsaba, sannan shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa an iyakance ta gaskiyar cewa cucumbers suna da matukar damuwa ba kawai ga sanyi na ainihi ba, amma kawai ga yanayin zafi ƙasa. Tare da rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa ƙasa 10 ^{game da}Tunda akwai riga barazanar mutuwar shuka ko tsiro daga shuka iri. Sabili da haka, shuka cucumbers a gonar, har da dasa shuki, a cikin yankin Moscow kafin farkon lokacin rani yana da haɗarin gaske.

Dangane da gaskiyar cewa ana shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa lokacin da yake da kwanaki 25-30, yana nuna cewa shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna a cikin yanayin yankin Moscow ya kamata a aiwatar da shi a ƙarshen Afrilu. Idan namo yabanya yakamata a cikin yanayin tsirrai, aikin akan shuka ya fara farawa makonni biyu zuwa uku a baya. Tabbas, wannan ba ya shafi katako mai zafi wanda aka tsara don narkar da kayan lambu na shekara-shekara.

Yaushe don dasa cucumbers na shuka a cikin 2020 a cikin kewayen birni: tebur

Areasan ƙasa ne mafi kyau da mummunan yanayi don dasa shuki a kalanda. Hakanan, a waɗannan ranakun, zaku iya shuka dukkan "tukwici", wato, dukkan tsaba waɗanda 'ya'yan itacensu suka kafa sama da ƙasa. Don tushen amfanin gona wasu ranakun suna amfani.

Shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna

A mafi yawan lokuta a kwanakin nan, an riga an shirya tsaba a cikin sachets da aka sayar a cikin shagon don shuka. Ana iya dasa su kamar yadda suke, amma tsabarsu (wanda za'a iya ɗauka daga iri kawai, amma ba daga hybrids!) Ana buƙatar shirya shi kaɗan. Jerin matakan shirye-shiryen abin kayatarwa ne, amma kwararren lambu zai yi kawai abin da ya ga ya dace. Gabaɗaɗa, suna yin wannan da tsaba:

• calibrate (zaɓi mafi girma da mafi nauyi);
• dumama (ci gaba kwana 2-3 a batirin dumama);
• disinfect (ci gaba minti 20-30 a cikin duhu bayani na potassium permanganate);
• soyayye cikin haɓakar haɓaka (Zircon, Epin, ruwan ruwan agave);
• harden (ci gaba da kasancewa cikin kumburi a cikin firiji na kwanaki 1-2);
• germinate (ci gaba da ɗumi a cikin rigar shuɗi har sai ƙaramin Tushen ya bayyana).
  

  A lokacin da yake shuka tsaba, bai kamata a jira tsawan dogon tushe ba: lokacin shuka, za a iya raba su ba da gangan

Shin tsarin ya cancanci lokaci? Tabbas, waɗannan ayyukan ba superfluous ba ne, amma mutum mai aiki ba shi da lokacin yin wannan duka, sabili da haka zaku iya iyakance kanku don tsabtace tsaba. Kuma waɗanda aka saya a cikin shagon, kafin shuka, zaka iya jiƙa tsawan awanni cikin ruwa. Bayan haka, za a iya dasa su cikin gilashin lafiya tare da cakuda ƙasa mai kyau.

Ofarfin kofuna waɗanda yakamata ya zama aƙalla 300 ml, kuma cakuda ya fi dacewa kawai saya a cikin shago. Amma idan ba kwa son kashe ƙarin kuɗi, kuna buƙatar yin ƙasa tsaka tsaki tare da danshi mai kyau da iskar iska. Zai iya zama, alal misali, cakuda turɓaya ƙasa, takin, yashi da peat, an ɗauka a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 1: 1.

An dasa shuki iri-iri a cikin tabarau zuwa zurfin kusan 1.5 cm, an shayar da shi sosai har a sa germination ya yi zafi (da kyau a zazzabi na 25-28 ^{game da}C) Zai fi kyau rufe kofuna waɗanda tare da fim ko gilashi, amma idan gidan bai bushe sosai ba, to harbe zai fito a cikin kwanaki 5-8 don haka. Nan da nan dole ne a canzawa seedlings zuwa wuri mai sanyi, mai haske (16-18 ^{game da}C) ci gaba da zama a cikin kwanaki 3-4. Bayan haka, yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin da ya dace ya dace da cucumbers, amma ya kamata a sami isasshen haske.

Kulawar seedling

A cikin kula da ƙwayar kokwamba, mafi haɗari sune farkon kwanakin. Idan a wannan lokacin yana da haske da sanyi, 'yan seedlings ba su shimfiɗa ba, to kawo shi zuwa gonar ba matsala. Tare da rashin haske, dole ne a shirya ƙarin kayan haɗin, amma ba za ku iya tunani game da zazzabi: a wannan lokacin, cucumbers suna buƙatar abu ɗaya kamar maigidan. Sauran shi ne matsakaici watering, idan ya cancanta - saman miya, kazalika hardening kafin dasa shuki a gonar.

Ruwa na seedlings ya kamata ya kasance tare da ruwan dumi kawai (tare da zazzabi na kimanin 25 ° C). Wuce ruwa ba lallai ba ne, amma kuma yana yiwuwa a bushe ƙasa. Mitar ban ruwa ya dogara da yanayin, amma dole ne a yi wannan nesa da kullun. Bayan kowace shayarwa, kyakkyawan aiki ne don zuba ƙarancin busassun busassun busasshen tsire-tsire.

Game da ƙasa mai kyau, zaku iya yi ba tare da takin ƙasa ba. Amma idan ƙwayar ta girma ba kyau, kuma ganyayyaki sun juya launin toka, kuna buƙatar shayar da cucumbers tare da akalla jiko na itacen ash (2-3 a kowace lita na ruwa). Idan babu ash, zaka iya amfani da duk wani takaddara mai ma'adinin. Mafi inganci foliar saman miya (spraying ganye tare da bayani wanda aka shirya bisa ga umarnin ga miyagun ƙwayoyi). Bayan kowane miya, ana buƙatar ƙarin watering.

Kokwamba na shuka suna girma ba tare da ɗumi ba. Canza seedlings cikin wasu filayen fili mai yiwuwa ne kawai idan akwai gaggawa; suna ƙoƙari su kashe shi ba tare da lalata tsarin tushe ba.

An dasa ciyawa ta hanyar amfani da hanyar jingina tare da dunƙule dunkulen dunƙule. Duk wani juyawa na kokwamba babban damuwa ne.

Mako guda kafin dasa shuki a gonar, seedlings suna taurare, suna ɗaukar lokaci zuwa iska, sai dai, ba shakka, zazzabi a titi yana akalla 10-12 ^{game da}C. An dasa ciyawa kamar yadda yake kusan wata daya, yana da ganye na 3-4. Kyakkyawan seedlings ya kamata da ɗan gajeren iko mai ƙarfi kuma, watakila, kunno kai.

Kokwamba seedlings kada ya yi yawa sosai, amma kara ya kamata lokacin farin ciki, mai ƙarfi

Dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa

A safiyar ranar ranar dasawa zuwa gonar, cucumbers a cikin tabarau suna shayar da kyau. Kuna iya dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara kariya kawai a cikin yanayin dumi, zai fi dacewa da yamma na ranar girgije. Idan ana shirin sanyaya ruwa, sannan ba za ku iya jan shi ba, kuna buƙatar gina mafaka na ɗan lokaci. A cikin greenhouse - yana da sauki: wani wuri a tsakiyar watan Mayu tabbas ba zai yi sanyi a ciki ba.

Don nau'ikan daban-daban, ana ba da makirci daban-daban na shuka, amma a kowane hali ba lallai ba ne don ƙara da bushes ba da mahimmanci ba: daga sararin samaniya, girbin ba zai zama mafi girma ba, amma akasin haka. Yawanci, ana shuka cucumbers a cikin layuka, tare da nisa tsakanin su na kusan rabin mita, da kuma tsakanin bushes a kowane layi 25-30 cm, amma don iri tare da girma mai ƙarfi - freer. Aka dasa shuki seedlings - amma ga kowane kayan lambu shuka:

1. Kafin dasa, sassauta kasar gona da matakin gado da rake.
   

   Matsakaici don kwance ƙasa ba shine mafi sauki ba

2. A wuraren da aka tsara, suna yin rami a ɗamara: zurfin su ya zama ya fi girma girma fiye da girman kwantena tare da ƙwayoyin kokwamba.
3. Ana ɗimbin cokalin itacen ash da cokali na kowane takaddun taki a kowane rijiya, gauraye sosai tare da ƙasa kuma ana shayar da ruwa mai ɗumi.
   

   Zai fi dacewa a dasa shuki a cikin laka, kuma zai ɗauki tushe sosai

4. A hankali cire seedlings daga gilashin, dasa shi a cikin ramin da aka shirya. Za'a iya yin zurfin dan kadan a hankali, kusan zuwa cotyledonous ganye, amma ba za'a iya binne tushen sosai ba: zurfin, mai sanyi.
   

   Duk abin da seedlings, yana da mahimmanci don cire shi daga kofin ba tare da tayar da tushen ba har ila yau shuka shi a cikin rami

5. Yi hankali da ruwa a kan gado tare da ruwa mai ɗumi, bayan wannan suna ciyawa tare da peat ko humus.
   

   Don tsire-tsire na mulching kokwamba, har ma ciyawa bushe ya dace.

A cikin kore, ana shuka shuki iri ɗaya a cikin hanyar, amma shiri na greenhouse yana da wahala, tunda ana buƙatar tsaftace shi tun daga faɗuwar, a shayar da gadaje tare da maganin maganin ɓarnar jan karfe ko karbofos, kuma mai yiwuwa maye gurbin ƙasa da sabon. Ana shigo da takin mai magani a cikin gidan gona fiye da a cikin ƙasa mai budewa, kuma mako guda kafin dasa shuki seedlings ɗumi gado ta zuba shi da ruwan zafi tare da mullein kuma rufe shi da fim. Bugu da kari, idan a cikin kasar gona ba a tsare cucumbers ba koyaushe ana gina su akan kayan tallafi ba, to a cikin girka a kareshi wani kayan aikin gama gari ne na gama gari. Ana shuka ƙwayar ciyawa a cikin greenhouse bayan dumama gadaje da iska zuwa zazzabi na akalla 16-18 ^{game da}C.

Dasa cucumbers tare da tsaba kai tsaye a gonar

A cikin yawancin yankuna na Rasha, shuka kokwamba na seedlings, yin magana a hankali, ba lallai bane. Wannan kuma ya shafi Yankin Moscow, yanayin da yake ba ka damar samun amfanin yau da kullun tare da shuka iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, har ma fiye da haka a cikin greenhouse. Tabbas, yawancin halittun zamani suna fara ɗaukar toa fruitan bayan kadan fiye da wata ɗaya daga bayyanar seedlings. Sabili da haka, don jin daɗin cucumbers a tsakiyar bazara, ana iya shuka tsaba a watan Mayu kai tsaye a gonar.

Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude

Kuna iya shuka tsaba kusan mako guda da dasa shuki a seedlings, wato, nan da nan bayan 20 Mayu. Kuma idan a farkon lokacin da kuka yi amfani da mafakar fim mafi sauƙi, to, a tsakiyar watan zaku iya shuka cucumbers, kuma a ƙarshen watan Yuni ku sami 'ya'yan itace na farko. Zai fi kyau idan kun dafa kwanon da aka shirya a gaba ta hanyar zuba shi da ruwan zafi da rufe shi da filastik a mako guda. A lokaci guda, mafi kyawun ciyayi zai fito, wanda za'a iya lalata shi kafin shuka iri.

An shuka tsaba a cikin gonar kadan a cikin kofuna: 2.5-3 cm. Tsarin shuka iri daya ne kamar yadda ake shuka shuki. Amma idan tsaba ba cikin ɗan gajeren wadata ba, zai fi kyau a shuka su da yawa, kowane 10-15 cm, don a cire ɗayan da suka wuce (kuma wataƙila a hankali dasa su tare da dunƙule na ƙasa!). Game da yadda layuka ke kasancewa kusa da juna, zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa suna yiwuwa, kuma maigidan ya zaɓi su da kansa.

Don taro mai yawa na cucumbers, ana amfani da hanyar tef (tef ne layuka biyu tare da nisa na 30 cm cm tsakanin su, yayin da aƙalla 90 cm aka bari tsakanin haƙarƙarin rikon). Lokacin dasa karamin adadin tsaba, wannan yawanci game da hanyar talakawa ne, lokacin da tsakanin layuka guda biyu ke barin hanyar kyauta, ko kusan tef ɗaya ne kawai tsakanin gado na gado.

Lokacin shirya karamin karamar gona, ana shirya layuka biyu akan sa

Wani lokaci ana amfani da hanyar nord-ninging, lokacin da aka shirya ramuka game da 12 cm cm a diamita a nesa na kusan cm 70 daga juna, a kowane ɗayansu yakai 5 bushes suna girma.

Mafi dacewa, da yin fati na tsagi daga cikin zurfin da ake buƙata, yana da kyau a zubo su da ruwa daga ruwa mai iya ba tare da ɓataccen abu ba, sannan a zage dashen da aka shirya kuma a yayyafa su da ƙasa, a ɗan haɗa shi. Ruwa daga sama ba lallai ba ne, amma rufe amfanin gona tare da fim ko spanbond don adana danshi da zafi wajibi ne.

Shuka tsaba a cikin greenhouse

Lokaci na dasa shuki a cikin Green a kusa da Moscow ya dogara da ingancinsa da kuma matsayin karatun gadaje. A kowane hali, zaku iya shuka akalla makwanni biyu a baya fiye da ƙasa mai kariya. Koyaya, ya zama dole a jira har sai an kafa zazzabi mai kyau ga cucumbers a cikin greenhouse. Fasahar shuka ba ta bambanta da wannan da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin ƙasa ba, kawai canjin yanayin shuka yana yiwuwa: kowane nisa tsakanin bushes ya dogara, musamman, a kan geometry na greenhouse.

Gaskiyar ita ce, ƙwayoyin shinkafa kusan ba sa samun al'adun kwance, saboda kuna buƙatar ajiye sarari a cikin greenhouse! Sabili da haka, trellises dole ne a sanye take, kuma tsarin shuka an ƙaddara ta inda kuma yadda ya fi dacewa don gina su. Idan mai shi yana tunanin cewa trellis yana kusa da bango, to, 25-30 cm ya juya baya daga gare shi kuma ya shuka iri a jere. Idan ya fi dacewa a sanya gado a tsakiyar falon, to, sun shirya layuka biyu, suna lura da nisan kusan 30 cm a tsakninsu, kuma suna shirya trellis tsakanin layuka, suna jan lashes a garesu.

Daidai saboda, a lokacin narkarda trellis, ana iya dasa shukoki kadan, a cikin gidajen kore da suke shigo da wasu takin mai magani: nisan dake tsakanin tsirrai a jere za a iya rage zuwa 20, kuma ga nau'ikan da ke da rauni - har zuwa cm 15. Amma yaduwar cucumbers a tsaye suna da saukin kulawa, kodayake dole ne a ɗaura su lokaci-lokaci ko aƙalla jagorar lashes masu tasowa a cikin shugabanci na wajibi.

Kula da Kokwamba

Kula da cucumbers tare da kowane tsarin girma ba shi da wahala, amma yana buƙatar maimaitawa da yalwataccen ruwa, sanya miya, da samuwar bushes, kula da sako (kuma idan ba sa'a, to cututtuka) da kuma girbi na lokaci.

Noma waje

Kokwamba na kowane nau'in na buƙatar kulawa da kulawa koyaushe. Ba za a iya zubar da su ba saboda yadda akwai fadama, amma suna buƙatar ruwa da yawa. Kuna iya shayar da cucumbers kawai da ruwa mai ɗumi (aƙalla tare da zazzabi na 25) ^{game da}C), saboda haka ya fi sauƙi a yi wannan da maraice, lokacin da ruwa a cikin tankuna ke dumama daga rana.

Watering tare da famfo ruwa daga tiyo ya kamata a cire: cucumbers daina girma daga ruwan sanyi, kuma sau da yawa yin rashin lafiya.

Shayar a farfajiya na dukan gonar, kuma ba kawai a ƙarƙashin tushen. Haka kuma, cucumbers ba sa son soya mai tushe da ganye. Yayyafa mai yiwuwa ne kawai a yanayin zafi sosai, lokacin da ganyayyaki ke buƙatar wartsakewa.

Mitar yawan ruwa yana dogara da yanayin: wani lokacin sau biyu a mako ya isa, kuma yana faruwa cewa shayarwa yau da kullun ma wajibi ne. Da farko, bayan shawo ko ruwa sama sosai, ya zama dole a sassauta kasar gona, yayin cire ciyawa. Amma tsawon lokaci, Tushen yayi girma a duk faɗin gadaje, kuma suna kangara sosai. Saboda haka, loosening ya zama ba zai yiwu ba, kuma ana maye gurbinsu da mulching na gadaje na gadaje. Idan aka fallasa Tushen, suna ƙara ba ciyawa kawai ba, har ma da ƙasa mai dausayi, ƙara itace ash a kowane sati biyu (kusan ɗin a kan daji).

An sha ciyawa da yawa a lokutan bazara, yayin da ake zaɓin takin zamani a zahiri. Hakanan ana amfani da infusions na takin gargajiya da sauran ma'adinai masu hadaddun abubuwa. An ba da abincin farko na cucumbers bayan kwanaki 12-15 bayan dasawa (ko makonni uku bayan fitowar), na biyu bayan fitar da fure na farko, sannan kowane mako na 2-3. Kafin yin kowane suturar miya kuma kai tsaye bayan shi, ana shayar da cucumbers sosai.

Yawancin kayan abinci na halitta suna ɗaukar hoto, amma cucumbers suna so

Amma ga samuwar bushes, ba shi yiwuwa a bayar da shawarwari iri ɗaya: dabarar wannan aikin ya dogara ba kawai kuma ba yawa kan hanyar namo, amma a kan iri-iri.

Shekaru 20 da suka wuce yana yiwuwa a fili cewa bayan bayyanar ganye ta biyar, toshe tushe don gefen harbe ya girma, a kan wanda aka kafa babbar amfanin gona. Yanzu wannan shawarwarin na iya haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa: da yawa daga dabbobi suna da nau'in fruiting daban.

Saboda haka, a wasu yanayi, bushes ba ya kafa kwata-kwata, wasu lokuta suna samun ci gaban harbe harbe, kuma wani lokacin, akasin haka, maida hankali kan babban harbi, yana ƙara harbe harbe 2-3 kawai. A wannan batun, ya kamata mutum ya karanta shawarwari a hankali kan hanyar samar da daji a kan kunshin tare da tsaba, kuma idan ba su nan, yi ƙoƙarin nemo kwatancen da ya dace game da ire-iren littattafan. Amma don ɗaure da mai tushe lokacin da girma a cikin al'adun tsaye ba mai wahala ba: yawancin nau'ikan cucumbers suna hawa kan kowane bango da kansu, kawai suna buƙatar aika da su ta hanyar da ta dace, kuma tying da kanta ta zama tilas kawai a farkon matakin.

Don yin wannan, yi amfani da igiya mai laushi (har ma da mafi kyau - saƙa daga tsoffin zanen gado), ƙoƙarin rarraba duk ganyen ganye na shuka akan trellis. Idan akwai yawan ganye, zaku iya ɗaukar ganyayyaki masu lalacewa lokaci-lokaci, musamman waɗanda ke rufe 'ya'yan itatuwa daga haske. Wadancan nau'ikan da ke ba da lashes mai tsayi sosai suna iyakance haɓakar su ta pinching saman babban tushe lokacin da ya girma zuwa tsayin "mara girman".

Bidiyo: cucumbers a cikin ƙasa bude

Noma gidan kore

M, girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse da a cikin ƙasa bude ya shafi guda aiki da dokoki, amma akwai wasu bambance-bambance. Yawancin nau'ikan cucumbers suna gabaɗaya ne kawai ga gidajen katako ko, kuma, mabuɗi, bude iska. Ya kamata irin nau'in Greenhouse ya zama mafi inuwa-mai haƙuri: bayan duk, kayan kayan ganuwar kodar suna riƙe da adadin hasken rana. Kwari ba sa tashi a cikin gidajen katako, saboda haka yakamata a sami linanyen-kansa.

Idan mai gonar yana da gidan shinkafa, yana ƙoƙarin amfani da fa'idarsa cikakke don samun farkon girbi. Sabili da haka, mafi yawan lokuta, ana shuka tsire-tsire masu shirye a cikin greenhouse, nan da nan shirya da tallafawa tsirrai. Tsarin da ya fi sauƙi shine babban waya mai kauri wacce aka shimfiɗa a ƙarƙashin rufin, wanda aka ɗaure tsirrai, yana yin madauki tare da igiya mai laushi a tsayi na 10-15 cm daga saman duniya. Ko da mafi sauƙi shine ginin madaidaiciyar matattarar raga, tare da waɗanda cucumbers kansu ke hawa daidai.

Kusan dukkanin nau'ikan da aka yi niyya don greenhouses suna buƙatar samuwar bushes, da za'ayi bisa ga ɗaya ko wata doka. Idan ba zai yiwu a nemo bayanin iri-iri ba, to, aƙalla bai kamata ku bar lashes ɗin su girma ba har abada: yakamata ku yanke duka babban tushe da na gefen idan suka kai tsawon da alama ga mai shukar ba ta dace ba. Cucumbers ba a bukatar racing girbi: a matsayin mai mulkin, daji zai iya girma duk abin da aka dasa, musamman idan kun taimaka da shi tare da miya.

Idan akwai cucumbersan cucumbers, ana shuka su yawanci kusa da bango a cikin greenhouse

Watering a cikin greenhouse ana aiwatar dashi sau da yawa fiye da waje da shi (bayan duk, ruwan sama ba ya taimakawa), amma humidification da yawa ba a so ko da na cucumbers, har ma fiye da haka ga tumatir yawanci dab da su. Sabili da haka, greenhouse yana lokaci-lokaci yana samun iska: idan zafin jiki ya tashi sama da 30 ^{game da}C, hadarin yana da girma cewa greenbacks za su yi daci, kuma tare da ma fi girma zafi, furanni ba su gurbata, amma su mutu. Kuma cututtuka a cikin farmaki na kore mafi yawan lokuta idan akwai yanayi mai zafi da gumi.

Daga ra'ayi game da cututtuka da kwari, duk da gaskiyar cewa cucumbers suna da yawa daga gare su, yawancin mazauna bazara ba su aiwatar da hanyoyin kariya, aƙalla tare da amfani da magunguna. Wataƙila, wannan yana da dabaru: Ina so in bunkasa samfuran masu ƙaunar muhalli. Koyaya, aƙalla yana da mahimmanci amfani da magungunan jama'a: yana da kyau a hana bala'i fiye da magance shi. Ana ba da sakamako mai kyau ta hanyar fesa tsire-tsire tare da ash da maganin sabulu. Infusions na tsire-tsire iri daban-daban suna da tasiri: tafarnuwa, albasa mai yatsa, huɗaɗa, tsutsa, da sauransu.

Bidiyon: adana 'ya' ya 'ya' ya 'yaza a cikin wani takin zamani

Girbi da adanawa

Kokwamba na kowane iri dole ne a tattara sau da yawa: zai fi dacewa kowace rana. Wannan shi ne ba kawai ga gaskiyar cewa ambaliyar ruwa tana ɓata darajar ganye. Girkin girbi ba tare da bata lokaci ba yana hana kamannin waɗannan kwayayen kuma ya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci musamman a cire ainihin farkon da wuri-wuri: ba sa bukatar su yi girma zuwa ga masu girma dabam.

Yayin taro, ana buƙatar tara ba kyawawan 'ya'yan itace kaɗai ba: yana da mafi mahimmanci don cire “freaks” a cikin lokaci: ire-iren sabbin kabeji, greenbacks na siffar halitta, rage jinkirin girma, da sauransu.

Zai fi kyau kada ku ringa yin duk wasu sandunan waje tare da hannuwanku, alhali kuna cutar da kunkunyan. Ya kamata a yanka yakamata a yanka tare da almakashi ko kuma bayanin, yayin da suke ƙoƙarin barin ciyawar a kan shuka. Mafi kyawun lokacin rana don girbi shine sanyin safiya, ko kuma, ana musayar, maraice maraice: a wannan lokacin, greenery shine mafi yawan m, mai daɗi, kuma za'a adana shi tsawon.

Irin waɗannan ƙugiyoyi suna hana fruiting sosai, dole ne a tattara su da sauri

Abin takaici, yawancin nau'ikan cucumbers ana adana su na ɗan gajeren lokaci: mafi "wasa mai tsayi" na iya kwantawa a cikin cellar har zuwa makonni 3, amma ingancinsu zai ragu a hankali. Mako guda ko biyu na cucumbers na iya kwance a cikin firiji, a nannade cikin filastik. Wani lokaci liyafar tana taimakawa wajen tsawaita rayuwar shiryayye, yana kunshe ne da cewa an yanyanka cucumbers tare da kara kuma a sanya su cikin ruwa kusan kamar furanni, amma 'ya'yan itatuwa suna nutsewa saboda haka, ban da kara, 1-2 cm kawai na' ya'yan itace suna cikin ruwa.

Hakanan yana riƙe da cucumbers da fim na farin kwai, wanda aka kirkira ta hanyar kawai rufe abubuwan kore da furotin mai ƙanshi. Amma duk wasu matakan ba ku ƙyale ku ci gaba da cucumbers kamar daɗi kamar yadda suke "kai tsaye daga gonar."

Kokwamba, kodayake ya fito ne daga ƙasashe masu ɗumi, yanzu ana ɗaukarsa ainihin kayan lambu ne na Rasha, yawancin lokaci ana kwatanta shi da mutum mai ƙarfi da lafiya: "kamar kokwamba!" Idan ba tare da ita ba, ba za a iya hango wani lambun Moscow guda ɗaya ba. Kuma, ko da yake namo cucumbers yana da hikimarsa, kusan dukkanin mazauna rani suna tsunduma cikin wannan, kuma mafi yawansu suna da kyau.