Amaranth shine tsire-tsire na musamman. Ba haka ba da daɗewa, an ɗauke shi mantawa, amma a yau, a Latin Amurka, al'adu na murmurewa. Suna ƙoƙarin haɓaka amaranth a cikin ƙasa, tun daga lokacin haifuwa yana faruwa da ƙwazo.
Tsarin magani na iya yin girma a cikin daji, a cikin ƙasar, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin sako. Wasu mabiyan ingantaccen tsarin abinci ba sa zaune a kan kayan abinci na amaranth tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa, cin hatsi a kowane mako ko shirya girke-girke masu lafiya da yawa tare da tsaba amaranth.
Asali
Tabbatacce, kowa ya ga amaranth - shuka mai launi daga dangin Amaranth, idan ba kamar shuka ba, to a cikin hatsi ko hatsi.
Flowering a watan Yuni
Amaranth shine tsire-tsire na ganye wanda tsire-tsire na Mayan da Aztec suka sani. Mutum yana amfani da dukkan bangarorinsa:
- Stalk
- Ganyayyaki
- Tushen
- Irin.
Sunansa na zamani ya fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci “dawwama”. Koyaya, ya girma ba wai kawai a Girka ba. An dade ana noma shi a Latin Amurka, sannan ya kasance sanannen abinci ne na abinci, ya girma a yawancin ɓangarorin nahiyar kuma ana amfani dashi don abinci, tare da masara, wake da zucchini.
Kula! Kusa da garin Tehuacan na Mexico, Puebla, an samo samfuran archaeological na zuriya da bushewar fure amaranth wanda aka fara a 4000 BC.
Daga tushe na tarihi an san cewa farin amaranth shine mataimaki a cikin al'adun addinin ad ancient a. Aztecs da Incas ne suka kwashe su. Mafi mashahurin waɗannan shine aiwatar da gumakan gumaka da gumaka. Don wannan dalili, mata sun ɗauki zuriyar tsiro, masu launin shuɗi saboda jinin ɗan adam (daga hadayar), gauraye da zuma da gilashi. Sai suka fasa itacen ɓaure kuma bayan al'ada sai suka fasa shi. Duk gwanayen mutanen sun cinye gutsuttsuran.
Informationarin bayani. Ba kowa ya san cewa ɗan jarida ɗaya da abin ƙira, Amaranta Hanks, an ba shi suna ne ta al'adun hatsi. Wani lokaci da suka gabata, an buɗe jami'a ta farko a duniya tare da wata budurwa, inda masu halarta suka shiga cikin nazarin lamurra masu mahimmanci Amaranth "tauraron fina-finai" Henk ya gabatar da shirin horo na musamman kuma yana ƙoƙarin yaƙi da ƙyamar ƙwararru. Yarinyar da kanta ta yi imani cewa bai kamata a sami tsari na yau da kullun ba a cikin rayuwa - wannan shine annoba ta tsararraki na yau. Amaranth Hank yayi gargaɗi game da shekaru 18+ daliban, Rector an ƙaddara kuma mai tsanani.
Bayanin Shuka
Marigold, ko cockscomb (wasu sunaye na hatsi) ana halin shi:
- Doka mai tushe kusan tsayi kamu daya,
- Annual ko perenni (dangane da daraja)
- Ganyen na nuna, galibi kore ne, amma kuma ja,
- Inflorescences: launin shunayya, jan launi, tsawon - daga 0.2 zuwa 0,5 m.
- A ƙarshen fure (a ranar 20 ga Agusta), kwalaye-'ya'yan itace tare da tsaba sun bayyana.
- Ya girma musamman a cikin canjin yanayin zafi, Kudancin Amurka ana ɗaukar wurin haifuwa.
2 tail
- Al'adar ta hada da nau'ikan 100, sun kasu kashi biyu, kayan lambu da na ado. A cikin Tarayyar Rasha, zaku iya samun kusan iri 20. Ana samo shi a cikin daji a China da Indiya.
Yadda ake amfani da shi, kaddarorin masu amfani
Yin amfani da amaranth da kaddarorinsa masu amfani an daɗe ana nazari. Da farko an girma sosai a matsayin tsiron ornamental, to, bayan kimanta mahimman fa'idodi ga jikin mutum, sun fara amfani da shi ta hanyar abincin dabbobi da kuma haɓakar hatsi. Amaranth groats suna da amfani sosai, amma yana da takamaiman dandano. Dafa shi abu ne mai sauqi, kamar kowane kwandon shara: zuba tafasasshen ruwa da dafa shi na mintina 15-20.
The shuka ta keɓance abinci mai guba da ma'adinai, samfuran bitamin:
- Bitamin - A, C, B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, PP, K.
- Iron, zinc, selenium, manganese, jan ƙarfe - abubuwan gano abubuwa.
- Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, alli, sodium - macrocells.
- Amarantin maganin antioxidant ne.
- Amintaccen
- Pectin
- Squalene - yana hana haɓakar ciwon kansa.
- Fiber mai cin abinci.
- Omega 3 da mai mai 6.
Mahimmanci! Amaranth iri (in ba haka ba kuma ana kiranta "shiritsa") ya ƙunshi furotin 30% fiye da oatmeal da shinkafa. Sau 2 yana da amfani fiye da alkama da soya. Bugu da kari, daga ganyayyaki zaku iya samun fenti na halitta wanda ake amfani dashi don abinci ba tare da lahani ba.
Warkar da kaddarorin amaranth ciyawa da ganye:
- Lestananan cholesterol
- Bi da rashi na kalsiya
- Normalize metabolism
- Imarfafa aikin kwakwalwa
- Bi da gumis na zub da jini
- Suna maganin motsa jiki da anti-mai kumburi
- Kare daga cututtukan fungal, da sauransu.
Jinsuna da iri
Akwai iri:
- Ciyarwa
- Kayan lambu
- Dabbobin
- Kayan ado (jan jan, bayyanar guba ga mutane).
Nau'ikan da ake iya cin abinci sun hada da:
- "Valentine"
- Sansanin soja
- "Opopeo",
- "A ƙwaƙwalwar Cove",
- Farin ciki da ruwan hoda.
Ana amfani da komai a abinci: ganye, mai tushe, har ma da tushen sa.
An gwada
Tsawon kwarin amaranth zai iya kaiwa mita 1.5. Wannan itace mai matukar karfi tare da kafa mai kafa, babba, ganye mai launin shuɗi yana rataye ƙasa.
Inflorescences akan sa ya fara buɗewa a farkon bazara. Furannin da aka fitar da amaranth ana tara su a cikin tassels-panicles, a waje suna kama da wutsiyar fox mai tsawo (saboda haka wani sunan ga jinsunan ya bayyana). Tsawon inflorescences na iya isa alamar rabin m. Tare da kyawun su, suna farantawa kowa rai gabanin fara tsananin sanyi.
Nau'in:
- "Rothschwanz" (jan, furanni masu duhu);
- "Grunshwanz" (inflorescences haske kore).
Yana yaduwa da kyau ta hanyar shuka-kai.
Dawo da baya
Ana kiran amaranth wanda aka jefa shine ciyawa, kuma yana da matukar tayar da hankali. Koyaya, wannan nau'in magani ne; ana girbe shi daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba, ta amfani da tushen, tsaba da ganyayyaki don dalilai na kiwon lafiya.
Dawo da baya
Bayanin:
- Matsayi mai kyau
- Tsawon - 1 m
- Beetroot-mai siffa tushe,
- Tsawon Leaf - 4-14 cm, nisa - har zuwa cm 6. Tana da ƙarfi zuwa saman, petiole ya fi tsayi fiye da farantin. Ganyayyaki ya juye ga asalin hasken da jirginsa.
- An tattara furanni a cikin kore inflorescences.
- 'Ya'yan itatuwa sun buɗe, zuriyar ta kusan 1 mm a diamita, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu a launi.
- Flowing daga Yuli zuwa Agusta, ana iya kafa tsaba 5000 akan tsire ɗaya.
Tricolor
Don amaranth mai launi uku, sunan "haske" ya dace, kamar yadda ba wani. Irin waɗannan ayyukan wuta suna kama ido kuma suna mamakin hasashe. A halin yanzu, suna da saukin kai da kulawa.
Tricolor
An kawo shi daga wurare masu zafi na Asiya. Yana da wani pyramidal shekara-shekara tare da kore, rawaya da ja ganye. Girma - har zuwa 150 cm.
Furannin suna a saman sosai, don haka da alama tsumma tana ƙone da wuta. Yana blooms tare da ƙananan panicles daga farkon lokacin bazara har zuwa mafi tsananin sanyi. Jin manyan shuka, duka biyu kuma tare da rukuni na wasu al'adu.
Ana amfani dashi azaman ganye a cikin busasshen shayi ko azaman abincin abinci.
Ja
Murmushe amaranth yana da haske mai tushe, ganye, da inflorescences. Jin launi mai zurfi sosai yana bambanta shi da wasu. Kamar dai babban 'ya'yan itace ja sun yi girma a kan makircin.
Ja
Dankin yana shekara-shekara ne, yana girma da sauri isa zuwa tsayin mita 1.6, ƙirƙirar bayyanar lambu mai launi. Ganye yana da launi mai haske mai haske. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana fentin ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin zafi da haske. Daga zafin rana, inuwa ta kara karfi.
Infaƙƙarfan ƙarfi yana ɗaukar hoto, da taurin kai yana miƙe zuwa sama, kamar kifayen wuta a cikin kogon duhu.
Saukowa daga waje
Ya kamata a shuka amaranth daga tsaba, ya kamata a fara farawa lokacin da ƙasa ta zama ɗumi bayan hunturu kuma zafin jiki ya tashi a titi. Yawanci, wannan tsari yana farawa a ƙarshen bazara. Amaranth galibi ana amfani dashi ga rukuni da kuma shuka iri, inda ake buƙatar tsayi tsirrai don cike wurin.
Tsararren iri
Mafi kyawun wuri
Kuna buƙatar:
- Wuri da aka zaɓa a hankali
- Daidai ƙasa
- Shirye seedlings girma daga tsaba.
Informationarin bayani. An girbe zuriya bayan harbe ya zama fari kuma reshe ya jefa ganye. Bayan makonni biyu, an goge furanni - tsaba suka faɗi daga gare su. Suna riƙe germination zuwa wani 5 shekaru. Suna buƙatar a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa wata daya kafin a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa (ƙarshen Maris) ko a Mayu an shuka shi kai tsaye a shafin.
Kafin shiga ƙasa, ya zama dole don zaɓar wuri mafi kyau, ƙasa mai gina jiki tare da lemun tsami. Don haɓaka shuka mai ƙarfi, wajibi ne don takin kasar gona da nitroammophos (20 g da 1 m2).
Al'adar tana matukar son rana da zafi, saboda haka yakamata wurin ya kasance da wuta. Shuka seedlings ne da za'ayi a nesa na 30 cm daga juna a kan wannan furrow.
Mataki-mataki-mataki na dasa daga tsaba
Ya kamata a shirya gadaje tun faɗuwar: tono kuma ƙara takin gargajiya ko hadaddun. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine humus ko takin. Kowace ɗari - 500 kilogiram.
Al'adar bushewa, shirya filler
Bukatun:
- Fuskantar gadaje daga arewa zuwa kudu.
- Kada ku yi shuka akan gangara - ruwan sama na iya wanke iri.
- A cikin bazara, sake tono da gadaje da kuma sake ciyar.
- Shuka a cikin layuka, baya bakin ciki fita.
- Lokacin disembarkation shine Mayu.
- Rijiyoyin har zuwa 5 cm zurfi.
- A kan aiwatar da germination da tushen harbe, cire ciyawa da magudanar ruwa wajibi ne.
'Ya'yan itacun farko za su bayyana bayan kwana 10. Sake sake shuka an ba da izinin yin shi bayan makonni 2.
Kulawa
Dokokin kulawa na gaba daya sune kamar haka:
- Amaranth sosai resistant zuwa fari, Yana son su fiye da ambaliya da stagnation na danshi.
- Wuce haddi danshi ba ya yi haƙuri, Tushen fara rot. Watering, saboda haka, ya kamata ya zama matsakaici. Bayan kowace watering, kasar gona dole ne a loosened, sa idanu kan tururuwar danshi. A wata na fari bayan dasa shuki, shayar da shukar yana da mahimmanci, kamar yadda Tushen ya fara zama a hankali a nutse. Tsarin tushen yana bukatar a “ciyar da shi” domin tushen tsarin yayi tasiri. A lokacin damina, ana shayar da amaranth a parlo tare da wasu tsirrai a wurin.
- Yankin saukowa yakamata ya haskaka sosai.
- Matsakaicin zafin jiki don girma shine +20 digiri. Oraramin sanyi (har zuwa digiri -2) al'adar ta haƙura da kyau. Mai tsananin winters - a'a, don haka sai suka lalata shuka don hunturu.
- Cututtuka da cututtuka ba sa cuɗar da al'ada. Ainihin, wannan yana faruwa idan ba a dasa shuka a lokacin da ya dace ba.
- Don dasa shuki a Siberiya, ana amfani da tsire-tsire masu girke-girke koyaushe. Tsaba a wannan ƙasa ba za a iya tashi daga ƙasa ba.
Ya kamata a kula sosai da nisa lokacin da aka fara aiki da aiki. Makonni 4 na farko, ci gaba yayi jinkiri kuma yana da rauni, gadaje na bude suna sannu-sannu an rufe su da rauni harbe da tsiro. Yana da mahimmanci a wannan lokacin don shayar da ƙasa, kwance shi, aiwatar da weeding daga ciyayi da ciyayi da suka wuce haddi.
Idan komai ya tafi daidai, daga baya tsiron zai fara haɓaka da sauri: ƙara 5-7 cm a tsawo kowace rana. Bayan watanni 2, shuka zai kasance mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi da tushe. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci don sassauta, sako da ruwa akai-akai.
Manyan miya
Kyakkyawan kayan miya don amaranth shine ash. Ana magance matsalar kamar haka:
- 200 gr. ash a guga na ruwa
- mullein bayani (1 bangare) an haɗa shi zuwa wannan cakuda.
Ana amfani da takin ƙasa da safe bayan ban ruwa.
Mahimmanci! Idan an gabatar da kayan miya a cikin kaka yayin shirya don wintering kasar gona, to bayan hunturu a bazara kafin dasa, to bayan taki baza ku iya shiga ba.
Menene amaranth - amfanin gona na hatsi ko shuka mai dafi? Tambayar mai rikitarwa ce. Wasu nau'ikan ba kawai inedible bane, bai kamata a taɓa su da komai ba. Ko yaya dai, abin da yake da daɗi shi ne sanadin kyakkyawan kyawawan goge-goge a lokacin furanni! Suna kama da taushi amma ƙyalli mai haske da aka rataye a wuya daga wani daji.
Kyakkyawan bonus shine gaskiyar cewa za'a iya amfani da al'ada a matsayin abinci kuma an ɗauka don dalilai na magani. Babban abu shine sanin menene amfani ko cutar da shuka na iya yi, menene contraindications akwai don amfani.
