Kyakkyawan da berries, mai daɗin ɗanɗano mai launi, babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, unpretentiousness a lokacin namo - duk wannan, ba shakka, yana cikin blackcurrant, amma ba ga mafi girma fiye da raspberries ko lambu strawberries. Amma abun da ke ciki na blackcurrant yana sa ka ba shi wurin da ya cancanci kuma kira shi "ɗakunan bitamin."
Lu'ular launin fata Currant: bayanin iri, hoto
A halin yanzu, nau'ikan currant na 185, tsofaffi da zaɓaɓɓun a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, na kwanakin rayayyu daban-daban, da halaye mabukaci daban-daban, an haɗa su cikin hukuma a hukumance. Ka yi la’akari da wane wuri a cikinsu shi ne nau’in Babbar Pearl.
Black Currant mai launin fata
Hasken bazara yana cikin cikawa
(Grass, mowing, stacks)
Yana bada wannan currant
Lu'ulu'u baƙar fata.
Mawallafin A. Vdovicheva
Asali
Wannan iri-iri ana bred a VNIIS dasu. I.V. Michurin shayarwa K.D. Sergeeva da T.V. Zvyagina. Don zaɓar farko an zaɓi:
- Minai Shmyrev - wani nau'in farkon ne don jurewa da ƙwayoyin koda, mai yawan haihuwa
- Bredthorpe (Karelian) - matsakaici-marigayi iri-iri don juriya ga mildew powdery
Sabuwar iri-iri shine tsakiyar kakar, cikakken gado ga juriya ga koda, amma ba ta gaji juriya ga mildew mai ƙarfi ba. Wataƙila, saboda wannan dalili, ba a zartar da iri-iri ba a cikin arewacin yankin da galibi ke haifar da gurɓataccen mildew.
A cikin 1992, iri-iri an haɗa su a cikin Rijistar Jiha na nau'ikan da aka yarda don amfani da yankin:
- Tsakiyar Black Duniya
- Arewacin Caucasian,
- Tsakiyar Volga
- Ural
- Yammacin Siberian,
- Gabas Siberian
Bayanin
Lu'u-lu'u baƙar fata ya ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwa na halayen baƙar fata currant.
Tebur: abun da ke cikin sunadarai
| Babban abubuwan | Wa'adin sa | A cikin Currant a kan matsakaici | Abubuwan ciki a daraja Black Lu'u-lu'u |
| Vitamin C | Mahimmin bitamin don aiki na jiki. | Kashi 80-300 | 133.3 MG% - matsakaici |
| Sahara | 6,7-16,8% | 9.3% - matsakaici | |
| Abubuwan da ke aiki da P-aiki bioflavonoids | Ngarfafa capillaries theara yawan shan Vitamin C. | 780 - 1780 mg / 100 | 1226 mg / 100 - babba |
| Kwayoyin halitta (acid na sitratable acid) | 2,5-4,0% | 3.6% high | |
| Pectins | Muhimman kayan mallakar pectins shine ikon su sha kwayoyin guba na jiki, ions baƙin ƙarfe, ciki har da radionuclides, suna da iko cire cholesterol daga jiki, a cikin dafa abinci, waɗannan abubuwa suna samar da gelling samfurin. | 0,5-1,6% | 1.6% - sosai |
Bugu da kari, yana dauke da sinadarin B, A (carotene), abubuwanda aka gano (phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron da sauransu), tannins.
Sabbin furanni suna da babban dandano kuma suna da amfani sosai ga amfani. Amma a cikin nau'ikan da aka sarrafa (bushe da daskararren berries, adana, jellies, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, da sauransu) suna riƙe da yawancin abubuwa masu amfani, kamar yadda suke ɗauke da enzymes waɗanda ke hana lalata bitamin C. Currant ganye suna halin babban abun ciki na abubuwan P, masu aiki, dubun sau wuce abubuwan da suke ciki a cikin berries.
A magani, ana amfani da berries da ganye. An yi amfani da shi wajen lura da rashi na bitamin, anemia, rheumatism, gout, normalization of metabolic tafiyar matakai, don hana atherosclerosis. Tare da tari mai ƙarfi, suna shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace tare da zuma. A cikin ilimin yara, ana amfani da jiko na ganyayyaki don wanka don rickets da atopic dermatitis.
Salted da gwangwani tumatir, cucumbers, namomin kaza, ganyen wannan shuka suna ba da ɗanɗano da ƙamshi mai daɗaɗɗa. Abubuwan da ke cikin su suna kiyaye samfurin da aka kiyaye daga ɓarna.
Tebur: bayanin aji
| Take | Siffar | Sharhi 1 | Sharhi 2 |
| Bush | Ta hanyar "currant" matsayin matsakaicin tsayi (1-1.3 m), shimfiɗa. M kore harbe, mai ƙarfi rawaya lignified rassan. Ganyen ganye ba ya kauri, sasanninta na ganye koyaushe suna rushewa. Dankin yana samar da gogewa da furanni 5-8 ('ya'yan itatuwa) tare da petaioan dabbobi masu ƙarfi. Fruiting ne na yau da kullum. Shekaru 12-15 na iya girma a wuri guda. | Babu fure mai yawa, wanda ke inganta haske da haɓakawa. | |
| Berries |
|
| Akwai wasu nau'ikan dadi. |
| Lokacin yin girki | A iri ne tsakiyar kakar, blooms a watan Mayu, berries ripen a tsakiyar watan Yuli, | ||
| Yawan aiki | Yayi kyau, tsayayye, iri-iri shine mai-da-da-da-sa-kan-da-girma - ya zo yana tasiri tsawon shekaru 2-3, mafi girman amfanin gona na shekaru 5-6, har zuwa 3 kg / s na daji | Haihuwar kansa ta iri-iri yana sa ya zama mai zaman kansa a gaban ƙudan zuma a lokacin furanni. | Akwai nau'ikan da suka fi inganci |
| Lokacin hunturu | High, bushes ba su daskare a yanayin zafi har zuwa-35 digiri | ||
| Juriya cuta | Yawancin yana da tsayayya ga anthracnose, kashin koda, kuma, a sakamakon haka, zuwa terry, wanda kaska ke watsa shi. Zai iya wahala daga mildew powdery. | Akwai iri dake tsayayya wa mildew powdery. |
Hoton Hoto: Game da Baƙin Pearl da Babbar Baƙi
- Anan kuna, lu'ulu'u baki
- Kuma wannan shine currant, lu'u-lu'u baki
- Sai kawai daga m mai yawa da m, berries pectin-mai arziki za mu sami irin wannan jam - jelly
Game da wasu nau'ikan
Ba daidai ba ne a yi la’akari da Pewaƙar Pearl. Yi la'akari da wasu nau'ikan launin baƙar fata, wanda aka zano akalla don wasu yankuna daga jerin Pewallan Baƙi, waɗanda ke da kaddarorin masu ban sha'awa.
Tebur: wasu nau'ikan ban sha'awa
| Take | Lokaci ripening | Yankin | Danshi | Powdery Mildew Resistance |
| Belorussian mai dadi | tsakiyar-kakar | iri ɗaya ban da yammacin Siberian | Berries suna da yawa (1.1-1.6), mai dadi da tsami bitamin C 200-300, mai yawa pectin | a tsaye |
| Selechenskaya | farkon ripening | iri daya banda Kalaman Arewa, Ural | Berries suna da yawa (1.7-3.3), mai dadi, yawan amfanin ƙasa har zuwa 5 kilogiram 4.7-5 maki | a tsaye amma zai iya kaska |
| Haze kore | tsakiyar-kakar | iri ɗaya ban da Tsakiyar Volga | Berries suna da yawa (1.2-2.5), mai dadi | a tsaye |
| Minx | sosai da wuri | Tsakiyar Black Duniya | Manyan tumatir masu zaki da 1,5 4.8 maki | sosai barga |
| Bummer | latti | Tsakiyar Volga, Ural | Manyan berry (2.5-3), mai daɗi, 4,5-5 maki | a tsaye |
Bidiyo: game da wasu nau'ikan currant
Noma Baƙin Gwal
Don kowane currant, yanki mai tsabta, tare da kyakkyawan yanayin, ya wadatar da isasshen ruwa, amma ba tare da tsayayyen ruwa ba, ya dace. Idan ruwan ƙasa yana kusa, manyan tuddai suna shirye don dasawa. Soilasa da aka shirya sosai ƙasa ce wacce aka share ciyawa, ana samarwa idan yawan acid ɗin ya yi yawa, kuma takan hadu sosai lokacin tono ko shuka. An ƙaddara yawan takin ƙasa ta hanyar ƙasa a cikin wannan yankin. Mafi mahimmancin wurarenda currants shine ingantaccen shuka da ingantaccen samuwar daji. Duk wannan gaskiya ne ga Black Pearl tare da wasu fasali.
Shuka da haifuwa
Seedaukar hoto daga cikin gandun daji tare da tushen da aka haɓaka, ba tare da lalacewa ba, yana da akalla harbe biyu 25-35 cm tsawo, yana tasowa daga gindi, tare da rayayyun buds - wannan shine abin da kuke buƙata. Kafin dasa, ya fi kyau a bar seedling a nannade cikin rigar.
Babban seedling
A karkashin sapling, kuna buƙatar rami 40 * 50 * 50 a girma, humus ko takin, ana ƙara takin ma'adinai a ciki, idan ba'a kawo su ƙarƙashin digging ba, ko ƙasa mai dausayi, zaku iya ƙara yashi. Bayan sun gauraye kuma sun jika komai, sun sanya seedling a gaba ɗaya, suna baza Tushen, suka rufe shi da ƙasa, da ɗan girgiza seedling ta yadda babu wani abin rufewa kusa da tushen, haɗa ƙasa, ruwa shi (guga 1), yi rami. Tushen tushe yakamata ya zama mai zurfi na 6 cm a ƙasa With Tare da wannan zurfafa, sababbin Tushen da sauri suna haifar da ƙarin harbe daga kodan na ɓangaren zurfin ya bayyana. Sun yi barci tare da wani yanki na peat ko humus, ko ciyawa, ko aƙalla ƙasa bushe don kauce wa samuwar ɓawon burodi. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na iska don dasa shuki yana da yawan zafin jiki na 8-10 digiri daga ƙarshen Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. Don kare kariya daga daskarewa, kafin sanyi, kafin a rufe daji, an rufe dajin da ƙasa ta hanyar cm 10 cm kuma sake sake bushewa. Don haka, shuka da aka shuka zai sami lokaci don ɗauka kuma zai fara haɓaka aiki a farkon bazara.
Da kyau an dasa daji
An dasa tsintsin lu'ulu'u mai nisa a cikin nisan akalla aƙalla mita 1.5 daga juna, tunda shuka tana yadu, ba a dasa su a inuwar tsirrai masu tsayi ba, saboda daji ba shi da tsayi sosai.
Black Pearl Bush form
Kirkirar daji mai kyau shine mabuɗin zuwa amfanin gona na gaba, mai ƙididdigewa da inganci, da tsawon rayuwar inganta rayuwar abinci. Cire cirewar rassan da harbe-harbe marasa amfani da kuma sake juyar da abubuwan gina jiki ga sassan sassan shuka
- Bayan dasa shuki tsire-tsire, yanke duk harbe-harbe, ba tare da ɓoye sama da 2-4 ba don haɓaka ci gaban harbe. A cikin shekaru biyu na gaba na gaba, ana yanke ƙarin Tushen tushen shekara-shekara a gindin daji.
Farawar farko
- An gama fitar da ingantaccen girbi na shekaru 4-5.
An ci gaba da samuwar
- A cikin fruiting daji ya kamata rassan shekaru daban-daban. Zero yana nuna tushen shekara-shekara na tsari na sifili. Lambobin sun dace da shekarun reshen. Dashes alama da yanke rassan.
Da kyau siffar daji
Bayan haka, an cire rassan marasa lafiya, da gutsuttsura marasa lafiya. An bar reshe mai tsufa mai kyau don wani shekara, saurayi, amma ba da kyakkyawan ci gaba ba, an yanke reshe.
Sauran kulawa
Ficewa ya ƙunshi shayarwa, idan ƙasa ba ta daɗewa sosai, a hankali kwance shi zuwa zurfin 6 cm, tunda tushen currant suna kusa da farfajiya, mulching, duba bushes, cire harbe masu lalacewa, cire tsoffin rassan fruiting, hana cututtuka, kayan miya. Buƙata da mita ana tantance su ta yanayin damina da ƙasa na wani yanki.
Powdery Mildew
Saboda gaskiyar cewa babu isasshen juriya na nau'ikan zuwa mildew na powdery, muna yin la’akari da wannan cutar dalla-dalla. Powdery mildew cuta ne na fungal wanda ke shafar yawancin matasa. Green harbe, ganye, 'ya'yan itace twigs da stalks wahala, an rufe da farin shafi, wanda sai ya juya launin ruwan kasa. Harbe ya zama m, ganye ya faɗi, inji yana iya mutuwa.
Daga cikin hanyoyin da ba sinadarai ba na sarrafawa, masu zuwa suna da ban sha'awa, wanda ke ba da damar kawar da cutar gaba ɗaya:
Kafin budding, shirya jiko na wani ɓangare na mullein ko ƙura hay da sassa uku na ruwa. Kwana uku daga baya, da jiko aka diluted da ruwa sau biyu, tace. Fesa da bushes. Maimaita shiri na jiko da spraying bayan makonni 2, sannan kuma a tsakiyar Yuni.
Nasiha
Rashin Gaske, Shuka Bishiyar Blackan Tudu. Ba ya murƙushewa, akwai babban ƙanshi, mai daɗin ɗanɗano, mai daɗi. Ba a lura da cututtukan da ke jikinsa ba, muna ƙaunar yawancin iri-iri.
Kalista
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=263&start=450
Ina da nau'ikan Lu'u-lu'u iri-iri, daga tsoffin tabbatattun iri. Yanzu mutane kima ne suke girma, amma a banza. Bishiyar da aka kyankyasar na iya rataye a daji har zuwa wata ɗaya, rabuwa ta bushe, ba su da girma, amma itace mafi yawan gaske. Kuma idan ba a girbe amfanin gonar ba, to, za ta yi birgima a jikin rassan, yana juyawa kusan cikin sabbin miyar currant. Berries suna bushe sosai a cikin na'urar bushewa. Dole ne a yi la'akari da halaye kuma komai ya cancanci ƙoƙari. Saboda bayanin abu ɗaya ne, kuma takamaiman filin gaba ɗaya daban ne. Ina da ramin kudu maso bushe, yawancin sababbin nau'ikan ba su nuna kansu kwata-kwata. Kuma tsohon Belarusian zaki da hali nuna kawai ban mamaki. Wataƙila tare da shayarwa, kuma sabbin samfuran za su yi girma, amma ya zuwa yanzu babu wannan yiwuwar.
rinamas
//www.sibirskiy-oazis.ru/phorum/viewtopic.php?p=8958
Wannan iri-iri yana da gagarumar rashi - ba zai iya tsayayya da MR ba kuma yana da rauni mai tsayayya ga anthracnose; Ina da halayyar bayyane ga irin waɗannan nau'in, koda kuwa berry yana da kyau - zai ɗauki lokaci mai yawa don kula da lafiyar dazuzzuka, kuma ba kawai muna da currants a cikin irin wannan adadi ba. , yi ƙoƙari kada ku rikita rayuwar ku (saboda ƙafafunku ba su shimfiɗa a tsakanin bushes ba), don haka zaɓi na iri yana da matukar muhimmanci.
Irina Shabalina, Yankin Orenburg
//www.sibirskiy-oazis.ru/phorum/viewtopic.php?p=8958
Lokacin da yake bayanin nau'in Pearl na Black, kalmar "mai dorewa" tana ba da shawara kanta - ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi, berries mai ƙarfi kuma, ba shakka, suna mai ƙarfi, in ba haka ba iri-iri ba zai kasance cikin buƙatun fiye da shekaru 30 ba. Amma lokaci bai tsaya cik ba, kuma sauran nau'ikan da aka zage su a yankuna guda na iya gasa da lu'ulluran fata baki, kuma sun zarce ire-irensu da dama. Yana da kyau a sami nau'ikan iri iri iri iri: farkon da marigayi, kuma mai daɗi sosai don yawan rani daga daji, mai daɗi da m. Zaɓin shine ɗan lambu, abin da za a yi da abin da za a yi.
