Shuka amfanin gona

Banksia (Banksia)

Wasu lokuta a cikin gidajen danginmu, za ku iya samo tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa wanda ke girma a cikin iyakar kasar nan. Exoticism da kuma bambancin da suka sa florists shuka fitar da ƙarin samfurin samfurori, amma ba kawai kula da dukansu. A cikin wannan labarin, muna bayar da shawarar ku yi la'akari da yiwuwar girma gidan banki, amma da farko zamu iya fahimtar bayanin wannan fure mai ban mamaki.

Bayanan Botanical

An yi la'akari da shi a yau, bankin yana da iyalin Proteus, wanda, baya gareshi, akwai wasu jinsunan 170 masu ban sha'awa. Daga cikin manyan nau'o'in tsire-tsire suna fitar da bishiyoyi (yawancin suna girma zuwa 20-30 m), da shrubs ko subshrub, tare da mai ɓoye mai ɓoye ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

Ana sanya saurin takarda sau da yawa, ko da yake wasu lokuta ana iya rutsa su ko haɗuwa a cikin ɓarna na ƙarya wadanda suka bambanta da yawa: daga jere-kamar gagarumin girma, amma ya fi dacewa, tare da hakora masu yawa. A cikin ƙananan ƙananan, duk ganye sun ji fitowar jiki.

Flowers - da dai sauransu kuma yawancin lokaci, yawanci ana tarawa a cikin zagaye da kuma tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle. Wani lokaci akwai siffofi mai siffar spikes, wanda yake samuwa a saman ko a iyakar gajeren gajere.

Yi ado da kanka tare da yanayin girma irin wannan tsire-tsire irin su arizema, rafflesia, callistemon, sinadenium, knofofiya, pachypodium, hymenocallis, drimiopsis.

Kowace fure-fure tana da nauyin ɓoyewa da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyi a tarnaƙi. Duk furanni suna cikin nauyin daidai, tare da gland na hudu, ƙananan yara da kwayoyi guda biyu.

Kayan itacen banki yana wakilta shi da akwati mai laushi da nau'i biyu. A lokacin da aka fara girma, yawancin kullun sun fara samuwa tare da gabar daji, wanda ya haifar da irin wannan "dunƙule".

Zai yiwu a sami mai yawa nectar daga furanni na shuka, godiya ga abin da kwari ke tashi a kusa da su, wasu dabbobin (alal misali, ƙuda ko opossums) suna cin su.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin kasashen Turai, an gano bankuna a 1770, bayan zuwan James Cook ya dawo daga bakin teku na Australiya kuma ya kawo ta da wasu samfurori na furen ban mamaki.

Yada

A cikin daji, ana iya samun shuka a bakin tekun Australiya, daga Tasmania zuwa wasu yankunan arewacin, ko da yake mafi nisa daga teku, ƙananan iya samun shi (samfurori a kudancin yankuna ya fi kowane tsire-tsire daga arewa).

Jinsin da kawai "rayuka" ke da nisa daga kewayon da aka kebanta shine bankin bankunan na wurare masu zafi wanda ke girma a New Guinea da kuma a kan tsibirin tsibirin Aru.

Bugu da ƙari, yawancin jinsunan suna rarraba kuma suna girma a cikin gidajen lambuna masu zaman kansu da kuma greenhouses a duniya, kuma idan kana so ka dasa furanni a cikin tukunya don kulawa na cikin gida, to, ya kamata ka kula da nau'ikan iri iri na musamman.

Popular nau'in

Mun gode wa kokarin masu kare jari-hujja a yau mun gudanar da bincike akan iri-iri na banki, duk da haka, a cikin latitudes kawai 'yan kalilan ne.

Mafi shahararrun sunaye ne masu zuwa:

  • Banksia Brown - shrub ko tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire mai girma zuwa mita biyu. Ganye suna da tsayi da kore, ƙananan inflorescences suna da ja da inganci babba. A cikin daji, za ku iya saduwa da wannan banki a kananan yankuna a yammacin Australia, kuma a gida yana girma ne ta hanyar Australia da mazaunan sauran ƙasashe. Ginin ya samu sunansa don girmama dan Adam R. Brown.
  • Jerin jerin sunayen - treelike shrub, wanda yake a cikin yanayin bude ne kawai a ƙasashen Australiya.
    Tsire-tsire irin su bougainvillea, peony tree, hazel hazel, lambu hibiscus, dutse ash, yucca kuma itace bishiyar.

    Wannan nau'i-nau'i an san cewa an yi furanni na kaka, lokacin da furanni mai launin ja da furanni suka bayyana a kan tsire-tsire, wanda aka bambanta da bangon kore. Tsawancin shrub yana iya kai mita shida, tare da nisa na kimanin mita uku, ko da yake a cikin wani yanki budewa "girma" ba sau da yawa fiye da mita biyu.

  • Bankin Rediyon Bright - Ƙananan itace mai girma zuwa mita 8. Furen tsire-tsire sune launin toka, haɗe su cikin inflorescences cylindrical. Lokacin kallon su yana da sauki a lura da pistils masu kyau.
  • Banxia na katako - dabbobin shrub, mafi yawan su a kudu maso gabashin Australia. Yana da biyan kuɗi guda biyu da suka bambanta a cikin tsawo na shrub: a cikin akwati na farko, tsire-tsire ba sa girma fiye da mita 1.5, kuma a karo na biyu zasu iya isa mita biyar a tsawo. Blossom - haske, tare da zinariya-ja buds.
  • Saws - Daya daga cikin wakilai na farko na bankin D. Banks. Wannan jinsin yana wakilta ne da igiyoyi masu tsayi, yawancin mita 15, amma a yankunan bakin teku za ka iya samun ƙananan bambancin - har zuwa mita 3 a tsawo. Fasa-faye-fure-tsire-tsire-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle, mai tsawon mita 7.5-10, tare da nisa na 2-4 cm. A gefen baki, duk fata na fata na da hakoran hakora, wani lokacin dan kadan. An shirya furanni a cikin manyan kunnuwa, suna girma cikin tsawon har zuwa 10-15 cm tare da nisa na 7-10 cm A lokacin kakar duka, suna canja launi daga azurfa-launin toka zuwa launin rawaya har ma ja, amma bayan furanni sun bushe. Mazaunin wuraren rarraba ajiyar banki shi ne gabashin Australiya, kazalika da wasu yankunan da ba a san su ba a Tasmania.
  • Shin kuna sani? Ƙungiyoyi suna amfani da 'ya'yan itãcen tsirrai masu tsirrai a matsayin abin ƙyama don ƙirƙirar abubuwan tunawa. Suna yin kyamarori masu kyau, fitilu har ma da kwanduna, kuma sau da yawa samfurin ana rufe shi da launi na varnish.

    Abincin Abinci

    A yankinmu, bankin yana girma ne saboda kayan ado, saboda 'yan mutane sun sani game da yiwuwar amfani da furanni a dafa abinci. Dukansu suna da kyau tsire-tsire na zuma, godiya ga wadanda 'yan asali na Australiya sun cinye su tun zamanin da.

    A wurare na rarrabawar shuka na shuka ba su da yawa tushen sugars na halitta, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa basu watsi da banki ba.

    Kulawa da Noma

    A gaskiya ma, kula da iri-iri na cikin gida ba shine da wuya kamar yadda zata iya gani a kallon farko, kuma masu shuka masu jin dadi ba su da wata matsala.

    Sanin bayanan game da abubuwan da ake son masu banki suyi dangane da yanayin girma, kulawa da haifuwa, ya kasance kawai don sayen kayan shuka da kuma motsawa don tsara noma.

    Abubuwan da ake bukata

    Yanayin yanayin zazzabi da halayen hasken lantarki don bunkasa masu banki suna da kama da siffofi na al'ada na yawancin furen gida. Saboda haka a lokacin rani, yawan zafin jiki zai dace da + 18 ... +25 ° C, kuma a cikin hunturu kada ya fada a kasa + 6 ... + 10 ° С.

    Haske yana iya zama mai haske, saboda shuka bata jin tsoron ko hasken rana kai tsaye, yana amsawa da su da launi mai haske. Ana yarda da ƙananan zafi, ko da yake babu matsaloli tare da wannan lokacin da girma a cikin ɗaki.

    Kasar gona da taki

    Banksia yana jin dadi sosai akan hamada maras kyau har ma da yashi kasa, amma lokacin zabar wani wuri kana buƙatar kulawa da hasken shafin.

    Babu buƙatar taki na yau da kullum, amma a lokacin dasawa (ya kamata a yi a kowace shekara) ya fi kyau a sanya m cikin taki.

    Mafi kyawun abun da ke ciki na substrate na furen ya shafi hadawa turf, leaf, sandan kasa da yashi (zaka iya ɗaukar kadan da sauran kayan).

    Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku yi amfani da naman gyare-gyare don miya, kamar yadda wannan zai iya cutar da tushen tsarin furen.

    Watering

    Ganye ba ya jure wa yanayin ƙasa ba, don haka watering ya kamata a dauki fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 7. Idan ana so, za a iya yin spraying lokaci na ganye, amma don kawar da ƙura.

    Banks haifuwa

    Hoton da aka kwatanta shi ne pyrophyte, wato, a cikin yanayin yanayin halitta, ta samu nasara ta hanyar konewa wanda ya haifar da konewa na busassun tsire-tsire a lokacin lokutan da suka fi zafi (wani tsire-tsire iri mai tsire-tsire yana da hatimi sosai cewa "harbe" kawai idan aka nuna shi a yanayin zafi mai yawa).

    Tabbas, lokacin da kake girma a cikin ɗakin, ba zai iya yin amfani da irin wannan yanayi ba, saboda ya fi sauƙi saya kayan shuka da aka shirya da kuma dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai tsami, mai zurfi da 1-1.5 cm.

    A matsayin hanyar da za a hayar, za a iya amfani da hanyar da za a yi amfani da ita, idan, tare da isowa na kaka, an cire cututture daga tsire-tsire mai girma, tare da maganin masu jijiyoyin jini (alal misali, Akidar Shuka) kuma aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa, da yawa daga cikin centimeters. Kamar bishiyoyi, cututtuka na bukatar tsari, wanda za'a iya amfani da jakar filastan yau da kullum.

    Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka manta ka rika ɗaukar tsari don lokaci don samun isasshen iska ga banki.

    Cututtuka da kwari

    Mafi sau da yawa, masu saka jari suna fama da chlorosis da phytophthora, ko da yake wasu lokuta shuka yana da naman gwari wanda yake yaduwa ta hanyar tushen tsarin.

    Don hana yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta, dole ne a kara yawan haɗin gizon zuwa ruwa mai ban ruwa, kuma idan furen ya riga ya shafi, zai zama mafi hikima wajen kawar da shi, musamman ma idan jiyya da shirye-shiryen salo na musamman bai kawo sakamako mai kyau ba. Gwaje-gwaje shuka ba mummunan ba ne.

    Irin wadannan kwayoyi irin su Signum, Prozaro, Azofos, Shirlan, Alto Super, Kuproksat, Allett, Bravo, warkarwa, Shavit an kwatanta su masu tausayi.

    Kamar yadda kake gani, duk da irin asalinsa, bankin yana jin dadi a yanayin yanayin mu, kuma gonar ta yiwu a cikin yanayi na cikin gida, wanda baya buƙatar ƙoƙari.