Coniferous bishiyoyi sun dade suna da hankali ga masu zane-zane masu faɗi kuma wannan ba abin mamaki bane. Gwargwadon kwanciyar hankali na da kyau a kowane lokaci na shekara, Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙwalwarsu suna iya tsaftace yanayi. A cikin wannan labarin zamu magana game da Engelman ci, abin da ke faruwa na girma itacen a kan shafinku.
Bayanan Botanical
Gwargwadon Engelman itace bishiyar bishiya mai girma har zuwa mita 50, ƙwayar katako da irin wannan girma zai iya kaiwa 90 cm kowace shekara. Itace itace tana ƙaruwa tsawo ta ashirin da inimita. Wannan jinsin ne mai haɗin hanta, yana rayuwa a cikin yanayi har zuwa shekara ɗari biyar, duk da haka, allurar ba ta wuce shekaru goma sha biyar ba.
Fir-fir yana da kambi mai nau'i mai mahimmanci, rassan suna faduwa, mafi yawancin suna girma da yawa. A kan gangar jikin yatsan launin launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa, tare da ƙananan fasa. A kan matasa rassan haushi da wani inuwa m, tare da baki.
Abubuwan wakilin wakilin jinsin suna da nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i kamar kambi. Ƙungiyoyin matasa suna da launin launi mai launi a launi, tsohuwar ya fi tsayi, maciji ne mai tsayi, kaifi, amma ba m. Tsawon dogayen - har zuwa 2 cm. 
A watan Agusta, kwakwalwan ruwa, manyan, samfurin mai, har zuwa 7 cm tsawo, launin ruwan kasa a launi (matasa burgundy) ripen. A karkashin Sikeli tare da kaifi gefuna boye winged tsaba na duhu launin ruwan kasa launi.
Rarraba da ilimin kimiyya
Haifawar Engelman Spruce ita ce gandun daji na Dutsen Rocky na Arewacin Amirka, har ma lardin Kanada British Columbia. Bishiyoyi suna girma a rukuni tare da kogunan, tsaunukan dutse, suna son inuwa.
Girma, rukunin "hawa" zuwa tsawon mita dubu 3,500 mita sama. Suna daidai da juna tare da jinsuna masu dangantaka: fir da Pine; tare da wasu jinsunan larches, suna samar da gauraye mai yawa ko gandun daji mai tsabta.
Shin kuna sani? Indiyawa na Arewa maso Yammacin Amurka, da sanin abubuwan da ke da magungunan allurar rigakafi, sun gina wa marasa lafiya da cututtukan wigwams daga rassan spruce, Pine da fir. Marasa lafiya sun kasance a wannan asibitin har sai sun dawo da lafiya. Gaskiyar ita ce, allurar sun ƙunshi abubuwa mara kyau wadanda suke iya kashe kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Aikace-aikace a cikin zane-zane
Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da bishiyoyi masu amfani da kariya daga iska, drifts dusar ƙanƙara da kuma rikici. Irin waɗannan saukowa za a iya samun su a waje da birni da kuma a cikin birane, a cikin hanyar hanyoyi da karami. Itacen itace yana da kyau a cikin tsire-tsalle guda da rukuni tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Har ila yau, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire irin su thuja, Juniper, kaya-biyu microbiota, yew, cypress, fir, woodwood, pseudo-topsug, larch, cryptomeria, Pine, cedar, da kuma myririum foxtail, za su yi kyau ado gidan ɗakin zafi.
Ƙananan nau'o'in kayan ado na dutse dutse, kare kayan ado na flower, ana amfani da su a cikin blendai compositions. Kyakkyawan siffar kambi da yarda da gashin gashin kanta yana ba ka damar samun nasarar amfani da itace na Engelman a matsayin sabon Sabuwar Shekara, wanda yawancin masu amfani da gida suna amfani.
Dabbobi na ado na Engelman spruce sun hada da:
- kananan conifers (microphilla);
- blue kuka (glauca pendula);
- blue (glauca);
Shin kuna sani? Captain Cook da abokansa sun taimaka wajen tsayayya da kyamara ta hanyar yin giya da aka yi daga allurar ƙura. Magungunan magani na ruwan inabi ne saboda yawancin bitamin C a cikin abun da ke ciki na needles.
- azurfa (azurfa).
Dasa da kulawa a gida
Lokacin da dasa shuki, ya kamata a lura cewa yawancin jinsin suna da mummunar mummunar yanayi. Ba a ba da shawarar su sauka a yankunan da samar da masana'antu masu nauyi, kusa da hanyoyi da matsananciyar zirga-zirga, kusa da tashar gas.
Zaɓi wuri
Duba ba jin tsoron iskõki ba, yana jure yanayin zafi da yanayin zafi sosai. Har ila yau, fari ba mummunan ba ne, kawai matasan matasa suna buƙatar kulawa da kyau. Tun da, a cikin yanayin yanayi, Engelman iri-iri suna yin amfani da tsire-tsire, a cikin ɗakin shade zai ci gaba da kuma a cikin haske.
Ba'a ba da shawara don dasa ra'ayi a yankunan da danshi ke damuwa ba, tare da wuri mai zurfi kusa da farfajiya. Wannan zai iya zama mummunan ga tsarin tushen. 
Substrate da ƙasa
Ganye yana da tsami a cikin zabi na kasar gona, a yanayin da ya ke tsiro da kyau akan limestone. Yana da kyawawa ga al'ada don samar da wani drained, moderately m substrate da tsaka tsaki dauki, misali, loams.
Kila za ku iya sha'awar koyo game da nau'o'in ƙasa, tsarin sarrafawa don su, da kuma gano abin da kaddarorin da ke cikin ƙasa, yadda za a inganta ƙwayar ƙasa.
Cututtuka da kuma rigakafin su
Ka yi la'akari da cututtuka na ainihin jinsuna, kamar yadda suke bayyana:
- Schutte - needles girma launin ruwan kasa a spring, a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren needles accumulations na fungal spores an kafa;
- kusar ƙanƙara - launin ruwan kasa akan needles ya bayyana a cikin kaka, a cikin idon ruwa sai ya rufe shi da fararen fata;
- fusarium - yawancin matasa shuke-shuke suna shan wahala, needles zama launin ruwan kasa a launi da tashi a kusa;
- tushe da tushen rot - bushe mafi rassan, rassan ya rufe ta hanyar namomin kaza;
- necrosis na bawo - haushi ya bushe, canje-canje launi, ya zama cikakke tare da tsire-tsire masu girma kuma, a sakamakon haka, ya mutu;
- ciwon daji - ulcers suna bayyana a kan haushi na gangar jikin, dayi da resin, sau da yawa tare da samuwar fungi;
id: 69917
Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da yadda zaka zaba wani spruce ga yankunan kewayen birni, da kuma yadda zaka kare spruce daga cututtuka.
- kwari mai kwakwalwa - friable pustules, duhu launi bayyana a ƙarƙashin Sikeli na cortex, da Cones ba su fada a lokacin dacewa, da kuma tsaba ba fruitless;
- spruce swivel - Tsari mai tsanani na cutar da ta gabata, karar da ke cikin rassan.
Yin yaki da cututtuka sun haɗa da maganin shuke-shuken da masu fuka-fuki, yawanci watering itace a tushen.
Tsarin kariya:
- Yana da kyau a shuka a cikin wani wuri mai duhu, shading na tsawon lokaci yana tasowa danshi, wanda kwayoyin ke son.
- A Hankali zabi seedlings.
- Lokacin da dasa shuki, bi da tushen tsarin tare da furotin.
- Don aiwatar da tsabtaccen tsabtace tsabta, zubar da hankali tare da farar ƙasa.
- A cikin bazara don gudanar da shirye-shiryen shayarwa da jan karfe.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana bada shawara don cire unguwa tare da ceri tsuntsu, tun lokacin da wannan batu yake da irin wannan cututtuka kuma zai iya zama mai dauke da ƙwayoyi da kwayoyin cuta.Fidio: yadda za a dace da tsire-tsire coniferous
Yi ado da kanka tare da noma na spruce "Konica", "Nidiformis", da kuma Serbian, prickly, blue da na kowa spruce.
Kwaro da kuma rigakafi
Babban kwari na Engelman spruce sune:
- spruce asu;
- gizo-gizo mite;
- Aphis spruce sitkhinskaya.
Tsutsotsi mai laushi, bisa ga sunansa, ya rushe needles na shuka. Ana magance wuraren da aka shafa tare da ruwa mai tsabta, tare da taimakon wani zane mai zane suka cire guraben lalacewa kuma sun ƙone shi. Lokacin da lamarin yake gudana amfani da magungunan kashe qwari.
Gizon gizo-gizo yana haɓaka ɗakin gida kuma yakan haifi 'ya'ya masu yawan gaske, yawanci a kan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, saboda aikin da yake da muhimmanci, itace ya ɓace masa. Rashin gwagwarmaya da ƙwayar cuta shine spraying tare da colloidal sulfur, za ka iya amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya: dandalion jiko, tafarnuwa. Tare da shan kashi mai karfi da kwari ya shafi acaricides.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka ƙyale manyan ƙauyuka na tururuwa (sun samo aphids). A cikin mummunan fari, toshe rassan don kauce wa samar da wani wuri mai kyau ga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo.Aphid da 'ya'yansa masu yawa suna shan dukan tsutsa daga sassan koreran shuka, wanda zai kai ga mutuwar itacen. Densely populated tare da aphids, rassan suna mafi kyau yanke ta aiki da yanke. Sauran wurare dole ne a bi da su tare da ruwa mai tsabta, kafin a dasa shinge na tsire-tsire don kada ya lalata ƙasa microflora.
Ayyuka masu kariya:
- Tsawon aikin sanitary pruning.
- Musamman a hankali kula da matasa seedlings.
- Kada ka bari overmoistening.
- Don aiwatar da yaduwa tare da kwari.
Hanyoyi na tsarin kulawa da saukowa
Kamar yadda aka ambata, spruce yana son ruwan sha, mai laushi, don haka a lokacin da suke dasa shuki suna shirya mafi dacewa cakuda don shi:
- ƙasar sod - sassa biyu;
- ganye ƙasa - biyu sassa;
- peat - daya sashi;
- yashi yana daya sashi.
Ana yin rami don dasa shuki tare da girman girman 50x70, kuma gutsuttsukan tubalin da harsashi na har zuwa 20 cm an sanya su a ƙasa a matsayin magudi. A cikin yanayin saukowa na rukuni, nisa tsakanin ramukan yana da akalla mita uku.
A lokacin da aka dasa, ba a binne gilashin tushen ba, yana barin matakin tare da ƙasa. A ƙarshen tsari, watering tare da taki ne wajibi - 100 g na nitroammofoski, 10 g na tushen lita 10 na ruwa, kawai kimanin lita 40 na ruwa ana zuba a tushen.
Video: yadda za a shuka spruce Kula da spruce ba wuya:
- watering - sau biyu a wata (a cikin fari sau ɗaya a mako) lita goma sha biyu na ruwa;
- sama kan miya - sau biyu a shekara (gidaje don conifers);
- pruning - sanitary da formative (spring ko kaka);
- shinge - ba zurfi fiye da biyar santimita;
- weeding.
Wasu muhimman mahimman bayanai:
- Bisa ga mahimmanci, ƙaddaraccen tsari ba wajibi ne don itacen ba, amma a lokacin da dasa shuki shinge ko hanya, dole ne;
- don hunturu, bishiyoyi suna rufe bishiyoyin spruce;
- balagagge da kananan bishiyoyi (kusa da gefe) don hunturu ana rufe shi da wani launi na peat, a cikin bazara an haxa shi da ƙasa;
- don kare seedlings daga zafi mai tsanani da hasken rana, an rufe su da kayan kaya;
- Ana haifar da haifuwa da tsaba da vegetative;
- tsaba na Engelman sun ci gaba da rike su har tsawon shekaru biyar.
Coniferous bishiyoyi a kan mãkirci suna da kyau sosai da mai salo, suna fitar da wani sabon sauti mai ƙanshi kuma ya ba ka damar ji daɗin tare da yanayi. Yawancin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi na Engelman musamman sun kasance masu ban sha'awa ne a kan dasawa ko kulawa, abin da yake da kyau ga masu aikin lambu.
