Fasali na shirye-shirye da kuma germination na tumatir tsaba kafin dasa. Jagoran mai amfani

Daya daga cikin muhimman sharuɗɗa don samun amfanin gona mai kyau tumatir shine ƙwayoyin lafiya. Ba lallai ba ne don saya seedlings, zaka iya shuka tsaba iri daya. Kafin dasa shuki, ana bada shawara don germinate tsaba don seedlings. A sakamakon wannan shirye-shiryen, seedlings suna cigaba da sauri kuma an rarrabe su ta hanyar kariya mai kyau. Babbar abu ita ce a yi daidai da dukan manipulation.

Daga wannan labarin, za ku koyi abin da ake amfani da shi a matsayin hanyar shuka germination da kuma dalilin da ya sa aka buƙace shi, menene tasirinta, abin da iri ke dacewa da shuka, tsawon lokacin da za a dauki kuma yadda za a yi. Kuma abin da za a iya amfani dashi da kuma lokacin da za a dasa tsaba.

Mene ne kuma me yasa?

Fassara tsaba - wata hanyar bunkasa rayuwa da kuma samar da amfanin gona. Mafi sau da yawa amfani da kayan lambu.

Wannan taron ya haifar da amfani mai mahimmanci.:

1. Bayar da ku don zaɓar tsaba masu karfi da kuma zubar da jabu.
2. Yana ƙara yawan juriya na kayan dasawa zuwa irin wadannan abubuwa masu ban sha'awa kamar cututtuka, ruwa mai laushi na ƙasa, noma mai zurfi, ƙasa mai yawa. Irin wadannan matsalolin na haifar da mutuwar ƙwayar da ba a shuka ba kafin bayyanar sabbin furanni.
3. Ƙara yawan germination na tsaba.
4. Rage lokacin germination na seedlings.
5. Saukaka kulawa. Hanyoyin siffofi sun bayyana a ko'ina kuma suna kamar a mataki guda na cigaba.

Shin akwai tasirin gaske kuma menene?

Shin ina bukatan aiwatar da wannan tsari tare da hatsin tumatir? Idan aka fara dasa kayan shuka, seedlings sun bayyana a rana ta uku ko hudu bayan shuka. Ba tare da girbin hatsi ba, ana iya ganin sprout bayan kwanaki goma. An kafa cewa germination na tsaba ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa tumatir da 30%. Ganye, waɗanda suka kasance na farko da suka rabu, suna bada 100% germination lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.

Waɗanne iri ne masu dacewa da germination?

Lokacin zabar nau'in iri don germination, la'akari da siffofin da ke gaba:

1. Yanayin yanayi. A yankunan kudancin an bada shawara a ci gaba da shuka tsaba masu nau'in fari. Idan yanayin yanayi mai sanyi ne, nau'ikan da ake bukata sune canje-canje masu sauƙi.
2. Manufar iri: ga greenhouse ko lambun abinci.
3. Lokacin girbi: farkon ko marigayi iri.
4. Gayyadar tumatir. Dabbobi "Bull Heart" da "Moskvich" suna da kyau don cin tumatir tumatir. "Yatsun yatsunsu" tare da fata mai karfi da nama mai kyau suna da kyau ga canning.

Tsarin iri iri

Shirye-shirye don germination kunshi da dama matakai.

Zaɓin daidai

Ana buƙatar zaɓin hatsi mafi girma da kuma mafi girma.. Sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu yawa da suka dace don ci gaban ƙwayar matashi. Don ƙayyade ingancin iri, an shirya bayani mai salin:

1. A cikin gilashin ruwa ƙara 80 grams na gishiri.
2. Maganin yana da kyau gauraye. Suna zuba tsaba a ciki.
3. Bayan minti 10-15, kullun kayan banza suna zuwa cikin farfajiya. Tsaba da suke a kasa, wanke tare da ruwan dumi da aka bushe.

Warming sama

Domin kwana biyu zuwa uku, ana ajiye kayan da ke kusa da baturi.. Banda shine tsaba na hybrids, dangane da wanda ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da maganin zafi ba.

Hardening

Ana dasa kayan abu a kan saucer kuma ya bar a cikin firiji na tsawon sa'o'i 12-24, sa'annan an aika zuwa wuri mai dadi don lokaci guda. Yi amfani da sau uku.

Disinfection

Hanyar mafi mahimmanci ana dauke da wani bayani mai karfi na potassium permanganate. A cikin 100 ml na ruwa a dakin da zazzabi ya shafe guda daya daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi. An zuba tsaba a cikin jakar gauze kuma an yi saushi na rabin sa'a. Zaka iya rike hatsi na minti 10 a cikin wani bayani na 2% na hydrogen peroxide.

Har yaushe suke girma?

Lokaci na germination na tumatir tsaba ya dogara ne akan waɗannan al'amura:

1. Lokacin ajiya. Yaran 'yan shekarun da suka wuce a cikin kwanaki hudu zuwa biyar. Tsaba da aka tattara shekaru uku da suka wuce ya tsiro bayan kwanaki bakwai zuwa tara. Lokacin sayen tsaba, wajibi ne don bayyana lokacin samar da aka nuna akan kunshin. An yarda dakin kayan dasawa ba fiye da shekaru biyar ba.
2. Air zazzabi da zafi. Lokacin da zazzabi mai zafi ya fito daga +25 zuwa + 30 ° C, tumatir na shuka daga kwanaki 3 zuwa 4, daga +20 zuwa + 25 ° C - daga 5 zuwa 6 days. Idan lambobi suna cikin kewayo daga + 13 zuwa + 19 ° C, tsarin zai dauki kwanaki 7 zuwa 13. Lokacin da iska ta kewaye shi mai tsanani zuwa + 10 + 12 ° C, germination yana da makonni biyu ko ya fi tsayi.

Cikakken mataki na mataki zuwa mataki

Bayan ayyukan shirye-shiryen suna motsi zuwa germination na tsaba. Hanyar da aka fi sani da tumatir:

1. Shirya takalma mai laushi da kayan abu: gwanin likita, takalma na takarda ko takalmin auduga. Zaka iya amfani da takalmin auduga.
2. Sauke zane ko diski tare da ruwa. Rashin ruwa mai tsanani ko narke ruwa.
3. Yada zane a kan farantin.
4. Ana watsa tsaba a layuka da yawa a kan kayan rigar.
5. Idan ɓangaren ɓangare na yakin ya zauna, ya rufe nau'in tare da shi. Ko kuma amfani da wannan makasudin wani zane mai zane a cikin ruwan dumi.
6. Tsare akwati da tsaba a yanayin zafin jiki daga +20 zuwa + 30 ° C. A wanke tsawa a kowane lokaci, in ba haka ba za a shafe ruwan da zai ƙone ba. Ƙara wasu ruwa. Rashin ruwa mai wucewa yana haifar da ƙwaya ko juyawa kayan dasa. Lokaci lokaci iska da tsaba, mai bayyana launi.

Taimako! Domin yadad da ƙwaya, ana bada shawara don ƙara dan kadan saukad da ci gaban girma ga ruwa: samfurin sayi na musamman ko ruwan 'ya'yan Aloe.

Tumatir hatsi yana shirye don dasa shuki, idan tsawon tsinkar ya daidaita da girman nau'in.

Zaɓin Zaɓuɓɓuka

Don shuka tumatir a cikin seedlings, kana buƙatar shirya kwantena tare da tsawo na cmimita 8-10. Yin amfani da kowanne kwantena yana kawar da buƙatar ɗaukar seedlings. Idan kun shuka hatsi cikin manyan kwalaye, a nan gaba za su sami shuke-shuke da aka dasa. Abinda ake bukata shi ne kasancewar ramukan tsawa a cikin tanki. Rashin ruwa na ruwa na ruwa ya kamata ya kwarara a cikin kwanon rufi.

Kayan kwaskwarima - filastik. Irin waɗannan kwantena suna da sauki don tsaftacewa da kuma cututtuka. Yana da kyawawa cewa kwandon yana da m ganuwar.

A cikin kantin kayan sana'a zaka iya samun kwantena na filastik na nau'i daban-daban, kazalika da kofuna waɗanda ba tare da amfani tare da tushe mai banƙyama da kaset. Idan ba'a yiwu ba saya irin wannan akwati, an halatta yin amfani da kofuna waɗanda za a iya sarrafawa ko gina kwantena daga kwalabe na PET.

Saukowa lokaci

Lokacin shuka shuka tumatir don seedlings an kiyasta dangane da sauyin yanayi.. A tsakiyar layin, ana shuka tumatur da wuri a kan seedlings daga tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen Fabrairu. Kwayoyin Ganye - a farkon Maris. Idan an yi amfani da hanyar bude hanya don girma tumatir, ana yin shuka a kan bishiyoyi a ƙarshen Maris.

Bayan kwanaki 50-60 bayan fitowar ta harbe fara dasa shuki a wuri mai dindindin.

Kula

Bayan dasa shuki da tsaba a cikin akwati na ƙasa da aka rufe da gilashin ko fim. Sanya cikin ɗaki mai dumi da zafin jiki na iska daga +24 zuwa + 28 ° C da haske mai haske. A irin waɗannan yanayi, seedlings suna bayyana a ranar biyar ko bakwai. A yanayin zafi mai zurfi, harbe ya jira tsawon lokaci. Lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, cire tsari kuma sanya kwantena a wuri mai haske, samar da zafin jiki a cikin kewayon daga + 14 zuwa + 18 ° C a cikin mako.

Na farko an shayar da shi a rana ta goma bayan shuka. Ba'a buƙatar mai yawa cikin laima kafin ɗaukana. - kowane tsire-tsire ya isa teaspoon na ruwa. Bayan kwana bakwai na ajiye a cikin akwati mai sanyi an aika zuwa wuri mai dumi kuma kiyaye yawan zafin jiki daga +18 zuwa + 22 ° C. Kula da wannan zazzabi har zuwa farkon ganye.

A nan gaba, seedlings suna dauke da windowsill. Samar da shuke-shuke zuwa ga haske don 12-14 hours. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara ƙarin haske. Kullum juya jigilar kwanto zuwa taga don samar da tsire-tsire suyi girma a ko'ina kuma mai tushe ba ya lankwasa zuwa ga haske. Moderately fesa seedlings daga SPRAY kwalban da dumi zauna ruwa tare da yawan zafin jiki ba m fiye da + 25 ° C. Tabbatar cewa ƙasa ba ta bushe ba.

Yaduwar kwayar tumatir muhimmiyar hanya ce ta hanyar samar da kwayoyin lafiya. Kana buƙatar zaɓar iri-iri iri-iri, shirya hatsi don germination, yanke shawarar akan damar seedlings. Hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta ƙunshi hanyoyi masu sauƙi wanda zai taimaka wajen samun amfanin gona mai kyau tumatir.