Cherry shi ne mai yiwuwa daya daga cikin shahararrun berries a lambunanmu. Yana da kyau, mai dadi sosai kuma ya dace don shirya nau'in jita-jita iri-iri biyu - kayan abinci da kayan shayarwa, alal misali, naman alade don nama, wanda zai yiwu saboda jin dadi mai mahimmanci a cikin wannan 'ya'yan itace. Yana da saboda shi cewa mutane da yawa sun fi so su yi amfani da ba sabo ne cherries, amma a cikin nau'i na desserts. Amma wannan matsalar an warware ta matasan iri dake samuwa ta hanyar gicciye cherries da zaki da cherries. Daya daga cikin shahararrun matasan shine "gamuwa" ceri.
Tarihin ƙira
Marubuta na iri iri ne Nikolay da Valentina Turovtsev, ma'aikatan Melitopol Cibiyar Irrigated Gardening su. MF Sidorenko. An samo matasan a 1966 ta hanyar tsallaka "Lyubskaya" ceri da "Kievskaya-19" ceri da ceri matasan.
A shekara ta 1995, wannan matsakaicin nau'i na manufar duniya, wanda aka zubar a cikin yankin steppe, an shigar da shi a cikin Jihar Register of Plant Varieties na Ukraine, lambar shaidarta ita ce 82074001.
Bayanin itace
Cherry "Haɗuwa" yana nufin ƙananan cherries, yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda ya sa ya yiwu ya nuna matasan zuwa dwarfs na halitta: Babu wuya itace yayi girma fiye da mita biyu. Zuwa kambin, yana da reshe mai mahimmanci, ƙananan ƙananan, abubuwan da aka gyara, ɓarna.
Za ku so kuyi koyi game da fasahar aikin noma na noma irin wadannan cherries kamar "Turgenevka", "Vladimirskaya", "karimci", "Zhukovsky", "Shpanka", "Ural Ruby", "Mayak", "Kharitonovskaya"
Tsarin tushen shine tarin dukkanin tushen asali da kuma kwance. Hanya yana nuna zurfin da zai iya isa mita biyu, yayin da yake kwance, ya fita daga karamin digiri mai zurfi 10-40 cm daga girasar tushen, fadadawa, yana ba da girma yawan karuwar shekara. Yankin rarraba tushen asali yana da lokaci daya da rabi girma fiye da girman kambi.
Ganye suna da albarkatun kore mai girma, suna da siffar m da kuma haƙon haƙori.
Ana fure furanni a ƙananan umbellate inflorescences, wanda, dangane da yanayin ci gaba zai iya kasancewa fari da fari.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don siyan seedlings don lambun ka, zai fi dacewa a wuraren da aka tabbatar da kyakkyawan suna, alal misali, a cikin gidaje. Wannan zai kare ku daga abubuwan ban sha'awa irin su canja wuri. Yi hankali ga tushen: dole ne a ci gaba da haɓaka, mai iko. Ya kamata a yi haushi, kuma ganye suna da lafiya. Kada ganye ya yi yawa, wannan na nufin cewa an fitar da seedling a farkon wuri.
Hoto Bayanan
Cherry 'ya'yan itace size "gamuwa" babban matsakaicin nauyin Berry shine 9-10 g; kowane mutum ya kai 15 g nauyin. Gaba ɗaya, sun kasance daidai da girman. Da siffar ceri ne mai ɗan flattened ball. Gashi tare da irin wannan nau'i na berries yana da matsakaici, yana da sauki a raba shi daga ɓangaren litattafan almara wanda ya narke a bakin. A bakin ciki mai laushi barkono fentin a cikin duhu ja launi, Duk da haka wajen m. Yana da sauƙin sauƙi rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Halaye na iri-iri
Abincin kayan zaki na wannan ceri, wanda ya ƙunshi babban adadin sugars masu yawa, an kiyasta shi ta hanyar tasu kamar yadda ya kamata - maki 5, wanda ya ba da damar "Saduwa" don yin gwagwarmaya da irin waɗannan nau'ikan iri kamar "Chocolate Girl" da "Miracle".
Karanta ainihin dokoki na dasa shuki cherries da kuma yadda za a yi shi daidai a cikin fall
Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
Bishiyoyi suna bada kyakkyawar juriya ga cututtukan cututtuka na kwayoyi masu haɗari - coccomycosis da moniliosis, wadanda ke lalata lafiyar dukan gonar da ganimar amfanin gona.
Winter hardiness da fari juriya
Daya daga cikin siffofi na wannan ƙirar ita ce ta Ƙara juriya ga yanayin yanayin hunturu. Itacen zai iya daukar har zuwa digiri 25 na sanyi ba tare da lalacewa ba. Tare da irin nasarar da aka samu na ceri "Saduwa" yana fuskantar matsanancin fari.
Shin kuna sani? An yi imanin cewa Turai dole ne ta daɗaɗɗen irin nauyin Farisa, da kuma m - Asia Minor.
Mawallafa, maƙwabtan da ba a so
Wannan nau'i-nau'i an dauke shi a matsayin mai kyau, ko da yake a wasu samfurori an kira shi cikakkiyar bakar fata. A kowane hali, gamuwa da Cherry yana buƙatar kasancewar masu binciken pollinators na uku:
- "Lubskaya";
- "Samsonovki";
- "Minsi";
- "Ganuwa".
A manufa makwabta za su zama inabi da cherries.
Ba za mu iya ba da damar masu makwabta na "Saduwa" su ne:
- apricot;
- pear;
- plum;
- peach;
- black currant;
- gyada
Terms of ripening
Tsire-tsire na itace, dangane da yanayi na girma a tsakiyar watan Afrilu ko farkon watan Mayu, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun fara kusa da ƙarshen Yuni, a cikin shekaru ashirin.
Shin kuna sani? Yana da wuya a ce daidai lokacin da cherries suka girma da kuma horar da a nan, amma da aka sani san cewa a karni na 12 an riga an aikata a karkashin Yuri Dolgoruky. Mafi mahimmanci, al'umman Slavic sun saba da wannan itace da yawa a baya. A shafukan da aka sani "Domostroi", a zamanin XYI, an bayar da shawarar sosai don samo cherries.
Fruiting da Yawa
Itacen ya shiga lokacin 'ya'yan itace tsawon shekaru uku zuwa hudu bayan dasa, suna haifar da 'ya'yan itatuwa a kan rassan bishiyoyi da kuma girma daga shekara daya. Wata igiya mai girma zai iya, tare da kulawa mai kyau, samar da 20 kg na 'ya'yan itatuwa, a wasu lokuta za'a iya girbe 25-28 kg daga wani shuka.
Transportability
Ana adana aduka sosai don kawo dogon lokaci, har ma a kan nesa, wanda ya sa iri-iri da ya dace da noma.
Manufar
Cherries za a iya cinye sabo amfani da kayan abinci, yin shirye-shiryen hunturu, daskarewa, bushewa - iri-iri ne na duniya.
Don faranta wa kanka da ƙaunataccen da amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da dadi, yana da amfani don sanin yadda za a daskare, bushe, adana cherries, shirya ganye.
Yanayin girma
Ga wani ceri, da kuma "Saduwa" ba bambance ba ne, ƙasar da aka fi so:
- tsaka tsaki;
- sandar yashi mai haske;
- loam.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kasar gona a yankinka tana da ruwa, ya kamata a lakafta shi, kafin dasa shuki itace a ciki, kuma yafi kyau a yi haka a cikin fall, idan zaka shuka seedlings a cikin bazara.
Shuka bishiya a yankunan da aka kare daga magungunan kaifi da damuwa da ruwa. Yana da kyawawa cewa inji ya sami isasshen hasken rana, ko da yake daga rashinta ba ya sha wuya, saboda yana jin dadi kuma a cikin yankunan shaded.
Babu hankalta don dasa kyan "Gwaiwa" a cikin yumbu mai yumbu ko ƙasa mai guba, da kuma a ƙasa kusa da ruwa.
Dokokin shimfiɗa
A mafi kyau tsawon lokaci na dasa ya dogara da girma sauyin yanayi: idan yankin shi ne kudancin, to, ya fi kyau shuka shuka a kaka, a arewacin, dasa zai fi dacewa a cikin bazara, bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma ƙasa ta bushe.
Koyi muhimmancin albarkatun ƙasa don tsire-tsire, yadda za a gano ƙimar ƙasa a kan shafin, yadda za a zubar da ƙasa, kazalika da yadda za'a inganta ƙwayar ƙasa.
Kwararrun lambu sun bada shawarar dasa shuki bishiyoyi a cikin tsakiyar bazara, farawa daga Afrilu 15, to, sai su dauki tushe mafi kyau.
Idan baku da tabbacin abin da ƙasa ke ciki, zaka iya yin gwaji mai sauƙi don ganowa. Don yin wannan, shirya jigon ta jigon ruwa 4 na currant currant tare da gilashin ruwan zãfi da kuma kwantar da shi zuwa dakin zafin jiki. A cikin jiko ya kamata a sanya gindin ƙasa, ɗauka a zurfin 30-40 centimeters. Za'a iya yin la'akari da launi na sakamakon da za'a samu a kan irin ƙasa:
- m ja - karfi acidic;
- ruwan hoda - m;
- blue - alkaline;
- kore - tsaka tsaki.
Wani lambu wanda ya yi niyyar dasa shuki da yawa ya kamata ya kula da nisa tsakanin ramukan. ba kasa da mita 3-4 ba, domin, duk da gajeren lokaci har ma da dwarfism, "Haɗuwa" yana da ladabi na yada launi, kuma tushen tsarin yana cigaba da rabi da rabi fiye da yadda aka tsara shi. In ba haka ba, itatuwa za su karka daga juna kuma ba zasu yi girma ba. Dole a yi la'akari da raunin mita 3-4 a shafi wasu, musamman itatuwa mafi girma, da kuma gine-gine.
Yana da muhimmanci! Fertilizing kasar gona da aka cire daga cikin rami zai iya zama ma'adinai, maimakon nitrogen da takin mai magani, wanda zai iya haifar da mummunar cutar ga tushen ƙarancin bishiya.
Rijiyar da kanta dole ne a kalla rabin mita mai zurfi da zurfi.
Kafin a saukowa, ana samun rami tare da goyon baya-nau'i, wanda aka daura da yarinya. Mafi mahimmanci, don shuka shuka bai wuce shekaru biyu ba, mafi yawan manya suna da ƙananan damar samun tushe.
Samar da koshin abinci mai gina jiki game da goyon baya-nau'i, tushen tushen seedling, wanda ya kamata ya zama karfi da samun lafiyar lafiya, a hankali ya daidaita shi. A lokacin da dasa shuki, yaro ya kamata a gefen kudu, yayin akwati - daga arewa. Ƙaƙƙarwar wuyansa ba za a iya binne shi ba, dole ne a yi shiru tare da ƙasa, ko ma 3 cm ya tashi.
Yi hankali a cika kasa tare da taki a cikin rami sannan kuma ya rushe shi, ya kamata ka gina gilashi mai nisa a nesa na 30-40 cm daga gangar jikin. Wannan shi ne ya hana ruwa ya tsere daga rijiyar.
Bayan ƙarshen aikin ƙasa, itacen yana daura da goyon baya, shayar da lita 20 na ruwa da kuma cike bishiya. Don ciyawa za ka iya amfani da:
- ciyawa;
- humus;
- peat;
- bambaro;
- sawdust da sauransu.
Yana da muhimmanci! 6-8 hours kafin dasa, da tushen ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin ruwa sabõda haka, su da ɗan rage ga danshi danshi. Idan don yin amfani da wani bayani "Kornevina", kariya daga ceri daga lalacewar fungal, da kuma samar da shi tare da mafi yawan rayuwa.
Bayan dasa shuki a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, ya kamata a shayar da ƙananan bishiya, yayin da yake guje wa ruwa mai lalacewa da lalacewa daga asalinsu.
Yanayin kulawa na yanayi
Kamar kowane lambun lambu, waƙoƙin "Saduwa" yana buƙatar kulawa, wanda, duk da haka, bai bambanta da kulawa da kyawawan bishiyoyi ba.
Watering
Gaba ɗaya, cherries suna rayayye shayar sau uku a kakar:
- a lokacin da matasa harbe girma;
- lokacin da itacen ya fure;
- lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa suka fara.
A wani lokaci, akalla buckets na ruwa a ƙarƙashin kowane itace.
Idan ruwan sanyi ya yi sanyi sosai kuma ruwan sama, dole ne ya buƙaci ƙwayoyin pollinating. Don yin wannan, narke 100 g na zuma a cikin guga na ruwa kuma yada bishiyoyi da sakamakon ruwa.
Shin kuna sani? Yana da kyau ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin barci su ci daki-daki 1-2 kafin su kwanta. Melatonin na halitta yana cikin ciki - hormone barci - zai taimaka maka barci mafi alhẽri kuma yana da sauran hutawa.
Top dressing
Wani shuka mai shekaru uku yana bukatar fara farawa. Kafin buds fara, kowane gefen ɓangaren kututture ya kamata a ciyar da shi a karo na farko a cikin wani kakar cakuda:
- 20 g na ammonium nitrate;
- 10 g na superphosphate biyu;
- 5 g na gishiri.
A karo na biyu da aka zuba "ceri" tare da cakuda:
- itace ash - 1 lita da guga na ruwa;
- potassium sulphate bayani - 2 tbsp. spoons da urea - 1 tbsp. cokali da aka yi a cikin adadin ruwa.
Bayan bishiya ta bar ganye, yana buƙatar tallafi tare da ɗaya ko biyu humus buckets kafin lokaci mai tsawo.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bugu da ƙari, a kan safiyar shekara a lokacin dacewa, ceri yana buƙatar kowace shekara ta 3-4 da ta dace da ƙasa. Don wannan, kasar gona ya zama lemun tsami. Wannan biki zai taimakawa tushen don samar da abinci mafi kyau, in Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar lemun tsami a kan itace domin ya zama kasusuwa.
Kula kula
A lokacin kakar akwai abin da zai dace don sassauta shinge kulle sau biyu ko sau uku. da kuma kafin hunturu, mirgine shi sosai don kada ya lalata tushen tsarin.
Duk da yake sapling har yanzu matashi ne kuma yana ciyar da manyan runduna a kan haruffa, "masu saukewa" suna fitowa a nan - weeds, wanda ya kamata a cire shi akai-akai. Rage mai lambun daga wannan buƙata zai iya yin mulching.
Yin rigakafi
Duk da juriya na wannan iri-iri ga kowane nau'i na cututtuka, kada wanda ya bari ya yi watsi da matakan tsaro:
- spring whitewash tare da shirye-shirye na musamman;
- spraying a farkon kakar girma tare da fungicide, jan karfe sulphate ko bordeaux;
- jiyya tare da furotin bayan zubar da ƙwayoyin da kuma sake kwashe bayan kwanaki 10;
- saki daga ƙasa daga fadi foliage da carrion;
- Lubrication na raunuka mai zurfi tare da taimakon raunuka don hana kamuwa da cuta.
Yana da kyau ga magunguna daban-daban na nufin don kauce wa juriya na yiwuwar pathogens, amfanin da masana'antar zamani ke ba da dama. 
Idan, akasin matakan tsaro ko kuma saboda rashin kulawa da su, kun ga alamun cutar a kan ƙulla, bi da shuka tare da hanyar da ta dace - ƙwayoyin kwari ko furotin.
Yana da muhimmanci! Daga coccomycosis - wani m fungal cuta ceri "Saduwa" zai taimaka wa stock ceri.
Pruning da kau da muhimmi harbe
Wajibi ne don fara fitar da kambi, saboda wannan iri-iri yana nuna girman girma na harbe. Zai fi kyau a yi haka a cikin bazara, lokacin da gutsutsure waɗanda ba su tsira ba a lokacin hunturu suna bayyane. Har ila yau, wajibi ne don rabu da raunana da kuma rassan rassan.
Yana da mahimmanci a cire a kai a kai a kai don cire tsire-tsire da kuma ɗaukar wani ɓangare na abubuwan gina jiki daga gare ta.
Koyi yadda za'a tsabtace ceri a cikin bazara
Ana shirya don hunturu
A cikin yankunan da ba'a da matsananciyar matsananciyar wahala, gamuwa da Cherry ba ya buƙatar abubuwan da suka faru na musamman, Baya ga tsarin da ake yi na whitewashing da kuma ɗaukar ruwa na ruwa (10 buckets na ruwa), idan lokacin rani ya bushe sosai. Bayan yanayi nagari ko damana, babu buƙatar wannan hanya.
A cikin yankuna da masu sanyi da sanyi mai sanyi, ya kamata ku bukaci tsabtace tsabta ta gari, gudanar da shinge na rassan, cike bishiya kuma ya rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara, za ku iya haxa shi da sawdust.
Shin kuna sani? Kodayake yawan shekarun da ƙirar ke da ƙananan ƙwayar, akwai masu tsawon lokaci a cikinsu. Wadannan sun hada da ƙwararren Ingila 13-mita, wanda shine fiye da shekaru 150.
Cherry "Saduwar", samun halaye masu ban mamaki, bai rasa ba, duk da haka, da ikon yin tsayayya da cututtuka, sanyi, fari da wasu matsaloli masu wahala. Saboda wannan, wannan nau'i-nau'i yana darajarta ta hanyar masu aikin lambu da masu sana'a.
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