Irin wannan dadi mai kyau da mai kyau, kamar strawberries ko lambun lambu, za'a iya girma a kowace shekara a cikin yanayi na greenhouse. Sakamakon wannan sana'a ya dogara ne da zaɓi na dace na iri-iri da kuma kulawa da kyau na shuka. Shawara game da girma strawberries a cikin greenhouse za a iya samun a kasa.
Mafi kyau iri iri
Girman strawberries a cikin wani ganyayyaki ya sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da kayan lambu na gida a kan teburin, ko da kuwa yanayi da yanayin yanayi, yana adana sararin samaniya ta wurin ƙayyadaddun wuri na bushes kuma yana adana babban yawan amfanin gona.
Kwararrun lambu ta wurin samfurori da suka samo asali sun gano irin nau'in lambun lambu sun nuna yawan amfanin ƙasa idan sun girma a cikin ƙasa mai kariya. Don haka, ya kamata ya zabi mai girma-samar da kayan lambu, remontant, kai-mai-kai, tsaka-tsakin rana. Mun ƙaddara muku wani bayyani da kuma taƙaitaccen bayanin yawancin iri-iri.
- "Albion". Remontant, iya maimaita fruiting iri-iri. Bred a 2006 a Amurka. An halin yawan amfanin ƙasa (0.4-2 kilogiram daga daya daji da kakar), manyan berries (40-60 g kowane), jure yanayin sauyawar yanayi, anthracnose da launin toka rot.
- "Brighton". Sauye-sauye-sauye, iri-iri-iri iri-iri na masu shayarwa na Amurka. Yana da ƙananan bushes cewa Bloom profusely. Berries manyan - 50-60 g a cikin nauyi, kyau ja launi tare da varnished shafi. Differ a cikin mai kyau transportability. Tsarin yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka na fungal.
- "Gigantella". Iri iri iri a Holland. Yana samar da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu nauyi har zuwa 100 g. Bishiyoyi masu tsada ne, masu tasiri, tare da dandano mai dadi da abarba. Bushes a cikin wannan iri-iri ne m. Yawan aiki yana da tsawo - har zuwa 3 kilogiram daga wani daji da kakar.
- "Crown". Yawan iri-iri ne masu shayarwa a kasar Holland suka yi a shekarar 1972. Ya zama kyakkyawa saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa, tsawon lokaci na fruiting, hardiness hunturu (har zuwa -22 digiri), juriya fari, da kuma jure wa mafi yawan cututtukan fungal. Berries daga "Crown" na matsakaici size - 15-30 g, matsakaici m, m da dadi.
- "Sarauniya Elizabeth". Mafi yawan amfanin gona iri iri - daya daji yana kawo har zuwa 1.5 kg kowace kakar. Daga cikinsu akwai ƙananan bushes (har zuwa shida za a iya dasa ta mita mita), tsawon lokaci mai tsawo (sau biyu zuwa sau biyar) fruiting, farkon girbi a watan Mayu, jure sanyi da yawancin cututtuka. A berries suna da dadi, da transportable, tsawon adana. Da iri-iri ba ya jure yanayin yanayin zafi da ruwa.
- "Sanya". Bambanci daga masu shayarwa na Ukrainian. Differs a high yawan aiki, matsakaici size m da karfi berries wanda aka shigo da kyau.
- "San Andreas". Bred zuwa Amurka. Fruits hudu sau da kakar matsakaici a cikin size (30-35 g) m berries da suke da adana da kuma hawa. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 1 kg da daji a kowace kakar. Tsarin yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka, musamman ma a rufe.
- "Sonata". Yaren Holland, wanda aka bred na shekaru 14. Bisa ga abubuwan da ke da dandanowa da bayyanar da berries sune daidai da maƙalarin iri-iri "Elsanta". Ganye shine hunturu-hardy, unpretentious, high-samarwa - har zuwa 1.5 kg daga wani daji. Berries suna da kyau hawa da adana. Suna da dandano mai dadi, kusan cikakkiyar siffar da dandano mai dandano.
- Honey. Farkon farawa maras kyau. Yana samar da matsakaici da manyan kyawawan berries tare da haske. Jikinsu yana da dadi, mai kyau, tana da kyakkyawan kayan kayan zane, wanda aka kiyasta a maki 4.6-5. Berries suna da kyau hawa da kuma adana. Ɗaya daga cikin daji a kowace kakar a matsakaici yana kawo kimanin kg 1.2. A shuka ne halin sanyi juriya, jure cututtuka da kuma kwari.
- "Elsanta".Yawancin Yaren mutanen Holland. Yawan aiki yana sa 1.5-2 kilogiram daga wani daji. Babban amfanin wannan strawberry ne babba, 40-45 g kowane, berries tare da kyakkyawan dandano kayan zaki, alama ta mafi girma ci. Suna da kyau hawa, kada ku kwashe ganima. Tabbatar da tacewa da launin toka.
Shin kuna sani? Bugu da ƙari, na saba da ja a gare mu, akwai kuma bishiyoyi masu launin fari, wanda yana da ɗanɗanar abarba.
Shin kuna sani? Yawancin kayan lambu sun yi girma don zama wani mazaunin Japan Koji Nakao. A cikin Berry yana da nauyin 250 g. A yayin da yake a matsakaita, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun kai nauyin 15-30 g.
Yadda za a zabi mai kyau strawberry seedlings
Domin samun girbi mai karimci, baya ga daidai zabi na iri, kana buƙatar ka saya kayan inganci masu kyau. Lokacin da sayen da tsire-tsire ya zama dole don yin magudi:
- duba cikin ganyayyaki - ya kamata su sami lafiyar lafiya, mai arziki koren launi, ba da aibobi, wrinkles, aibobi da lalacewa;
- Ƙididdigar zanen gado - dole ne a kalla uku daga cikin su a cikin ɗakin.
- don duba maƙalar tushe don rashin rot, spots, da kuma kimanta ikonta (kullum - akalla 5 mm a diamita);
- tantance yanayin tushen - dole ne su kasance lafiya da kuma ci gaba, akalla 7 cm tsawo.
Ga wadanda suka yi shirin shuka strawberries don sayarwa, muna bada shawarar sayen abin da ake kira seedlings mai kyau - tsire-tsire masu girma daga tsirrai bushes a yanayi na musamman. Wadannan tsire-tsire sun fi tsada fiye da na yau da kullum, duk da haka, suna da babban juriya ga cututtuka da kwari, suna nuna yawan amfanin ƙasa. 
Yawancin zafin iya samu daga shuke-shuke da aka cire a lokacin flower stalks. Saboda haka, yana da mafi kyau don sayan seedlings a tabbatar da bokan lambu da kuma nurseries.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kasancewar dige fararen a kan bishiyoyi ya nuna shaida ta kamuwa da cuta da cututtuka. Rubutun takalma suna nuna alamar bazawar mota maras lafiya. Rubutun wrinkled na foliage shine alamar lalacewar mite. Da sayan tsire-tsire tare da sama alamun bayyanar dole ne a watsi.
Kasar gona don namo
Abu na farko ya kamata ka kula da lokacin da dasa shuki shine abun da ke cikin ƙasa. An shirya shekara guda kafin a ajiye kayan a cikin greenhouse. Za a iya samun kyakkyawar sakamako a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki da aka yi amfani da amfanin gonar hatsi.
Samar da taki tare da humus ko takin don saturate abubuwa masu muhimmanci da kuma peat, wanda zai inganta dabi'u na iska da kuma mai laushi na kasar gona da inganta yanayin acidity. Idan kasar gona ta yi yawa acidic, zaka buƙatar ƙara lemun tsami - 50 kg da ɗari. 
Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da yadda za ka yanke shawarar yadda za ka iya yin amfani da acidity na ƙasa, kazalika da yadda za a dage ƙasa a kan shafin.
Kafin dasa shuki a wuri mai tsabtawa:
- superphosphate - 30 g / 1 sq. m;
- potassium chloride - 15 g / 1 sq. m
Dasa seedlings
Yau, ana fifita bishiyoyi su girma cikin hanyoyi uku:
- Traditional - a cikin ƙasa.
- A cikin tukwane.
- A cikin jaka ko jaka.
Tsarin al'ada
Saukowa wata hanya ce ta hanyoyi biyu ko kuma a cikin alamomi. Nisa tsakanin layuka ya zama 30-40 cm, tsakanin bushes - 25-30 cm, tsakanin tube - 80-100 cm Idan an saya seedlings a cikin tukwane, to, an dasa su ta hanyar canza su zuwa cikin ramuka 10 cm mai zurfi ba tare da lalacewa ba.
Muna bada shawara game da yadda za'a kula da strawberries bayan girbi, da yadda za a datse ganye da gashin-baki na strawberries da kuma lokacin da za su girbe su.
Matsayin ci gaba dole ne ya kasance sama da kasa. Bayan dasa shuki, ana shayar da tsire-tsire kuma suna cike da sawdust, bambaro, geotextile ko wasu kayan. Watering a watan farko bayan an dasa shuki a kowace rana.
A cikin tukwane na musamman
Yaren fasaha na Holland ya shafi dasa shuki a cikin tukwane. Sun kasance a cikin biyar ko shida na uku - don haka a kowane mita mita yana da kimanin 50 bushes. 
Don dasa shuki a cikin tukwane zai zama wajibi don shirya substrate daga:
- peat (sassa biyu);
- perlite (yanki daya);
- sawdust (1.5 sassa).
Kwakwalwan ya kamata ya zama 18-20 cm a diamita, daga filastik, itace, amma ba karfe ba. An rataye su a kan ƙananan ƙera, an saka su a kan katako ko ƙarfe.
Ana shuka itatuwan Strawberry kamar sauran bishiyoyi: sun sanya kwalliya a kan kasa, cika tukunya tare da tsarma mai sauƙaƙe, saka wuri mai tushe cikin rami kuma yayyafa shi da substrate, ɗauka da sauƙi. A ƙarshen dasa shuki tsire-tsire ya kamata a shayar da su. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku manta game da kasancewar rami mai rami a cikin tukunya don cire yumbu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wannan hanyar namo ba dace da iri dake samar da tushen tsarin tushen karfi ba kuma mai tsayi.
Video: girma strawberries a cikin tukwane
A cikin kunshe-kunshe
Tsarin madogarar tukunya shine dasa shuki a cikin jaka-jita, abin da yake kara karuwa tsakanin manoma. A farashin, wannan hanya ta fi rahusa.
Yi ado da kanka tare da fasaha na tumatir strawberry ta amfani da fasaha na Finnish, hydroponics, kazalika da launi da kuma masu ban mamaki.
Dalilin shi shi ne cewa an saka kayan a cikin manyan nau'i na filastik, zai fi dacewa da launi, wanda aka sanya a ƙasa, an sanya shi a kan jakuna, kuma an dakatar da shi. Ƙwararren fannoni masu kyau sune 16 da 210 cm.
A kasan jaka ya shimfiɗa yumbu a matsayin magudanar ruwa, sa'an nan kuma ya cika su da wani nau'i na peat da perlite a daidai rabbai (a cakuda turf ƙasa, kogin yashi, sawdust da humus zai yi). Sa'an nan kuma tare da kunshin ya sanya incisions na 8 cm a nesa na 25-30 cm daga juna. Suka sanya bushes seedlings.
Ga namo na strawberries ta amfani da wannan fasaha zai bukaci kungiyar drip ban ruwa. Maimakon jaka na filastik, ana amfani da jaka polypropylene, alal misali, daga sukari. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne ku sami nau'in jaka uku ko jaka da mita ɗaya.
Yanayi da kula da strawberries a cikin greenhouse
Bayan dasa shuki ta kowane ɗayan hanyoyin da ke sama, dole ne a dauki kula da sharaɗɗan sharaɗi na shuka da kuma kulawa na yau da kullum, wanda zai hada da:
- watering;
- kwance;
- saman miya;
- m jiyya.
Karin haske
Haskewa yana da mahimmanci ga ci gaba da ci gaban strawberries. Yana da muhimmanci cewa a cikin greenhouse inda aka dasa strawberries a duk shekara, ana sa ido a rana ta 10-14. Don cimma wannan, kana buƙatar haɗawa da karin haske daga karfe 8 na safe zuwa karfe 11 na yamma kuma daga karfe 5 zuwa 8. 
Wannan yana da mahimmanci a lokuta na saki peduncles, flowering da fruiting. Kamar yadda ƙarin haske ya kamata ya yi amfani da fitilu mai haske.
Idan ka zaba don dasa samfuwar rana ta tsaka tsaki, to, a karkashin yanayin da aka bayyana a sama, za a samar da injin tare da adadin haske.
Ƙara yawan lokutan hasken rana yana ba da izini don saurin girma da sauri. Alal misali, tare da tsakar rana tsire-tsire za ta yi shukar makonni biyu bayan dasa, kuma ovary zai bada bayan watanni 1.5. A karfe 16 - furanni zasu bayyana bayan kwana 10, da kuma 'ya'yan itace - a cikin kwanaki 35-37.
Airing
An yi amfani da jirgin sama lokacin da yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse ya kai + 21 digiri. Yi shi a rana. Tsarin iska zai iya zama jagora ko atomatik. 
Na gode da samun iska, iska mai iska ta shiga cikin greenhouse kuma yana fitowa mai tsanani. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa a rage ƙananan zafi da zafin jiki, don kauce wa ci gaba da yawancin cututtuka.
Zazzabi
Lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse, yawan zafin jiki bai kamata ya fi sama da +10 ba. Yayin da yake girma, zai buƙaci a hankali zuwa sama + 18 ... +20 digiri. A lokacin da ya fara fure, ya kamata a kusa da + 20 ... +24 digiri. A nan gaba - daga + 22 zuwa +24 digiri.
Koyi yadda za a yi greenhouse daga filastik da polypropylene pipes, daga polycarbonate, da greenhouses "Breadbox", "Nurse", "Tsarin tumatir", in ji Mitlayder.
Air iska
Ya kamata a kiyaye zafi a cikin greenhouse a lokacin dasa shuki a 85%. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suke da tushe a kasa, ana bukatar ragewa zuwa 75%. A lokacin flowering da fruiting, wannan alamar ya kamata a saita a matakin ba sama da 70% ba.
Shin kuna sani? Teresa Tallien, wani gida mai zaman kansa tun daga lokacin juyin juya hali na Faransa, ya ɗauki wanka mai girbi don kiyaye launin fata. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan hanya ya ɗauki kilo 10 na berries.
Dole ne a kula da matsanancin zafi, saboda wannan yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da suke tasiri akan ci gaba da cututtukan fungal.
Watering
Wata daya bayan dasa, zaka buƙatar daidaita watering sau ɗaya kowace rana 7-10. Watering ne da za'ayi tare da ruwan dumi da maraice. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ba a yi tsire-tsire ba. In ba haka ba za su ɗauki 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ruwa. Ruwan ruwa yana barazana ga cututtuka da cututtuka.
Wataƙila za ku so ku san sau da yawa kuna buƙatar ruwa na ruwa, yadda za a tsara rassan ruwa na atomatik, da kuma abin da ruwan ingancin ya fi kyau ga greenhouse.
Don strawberries, mafi kyau idan ruwa ke kai tsaye zuwa ga tushen kuma baya samun kan mai tushe da ganye. Ana iya samun wannan ta hanyar shirya drip ko atomatik watering. Tare da taimakon tsarin drip, ana gabatar da takin mai magani. Irin wannan tsarin za'a iya saya a kantin sayar da shi ko kuma ya ba da kansa.
Ruwan jini
Idan ka zaɓi iri da ba su da ikon yin pollinate, zasu buƙaci samar da pollination. 
Domin yana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa:
- manual;
- fan;
- kwari;
- takardar;
- ruwa
A karo na biyu - mafita don shigar da fan, iska wanda yake dauke da pollen. A mita mita 100. Ina buƙatar hawa uku. Za su buƙaci a hada su a lokacin flowering a kowace rana don da yawa.
A kan albarkatu masu yawa, za a bukaci taimakon kwari - saboda wannan, an sanya hive a cikin gine-gine. Duk da matsanancin wahala da rashin tsaro na hanyar, yadda ya dace ya kai kashi 95%. 
Zaka iya pollinate shuke-shuke by spraying ruwa daga tashoshi mai tushe. Duk da haka, dacewa a wannan yanayin zai kasance 45%. Gudun Pollen na shimfidawa da zane, idan kun bude windows da kofofin kofuna, wanda ke fuskantar juna.
Top dressing
Don ciyar ku iya amfani da bayani na potassium chloride (10 g da 10 l na ruwa) da ammonium nitrate (80 g da 10 l na ruwa). An kawo shi karkashin tushen tsarin. Kayan dabbobi yana da tasiri - slurry (daya zuwa biyar), kaza mai kaza (daya zuwa goma). Ana ciyar da abinci kowane kwanaki 14.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da takin samin strawberries, yana da muhimmanci a girmama mutuncin da ya dace, yayin da mafita masu mahimmanci ke haifar da konewa.
Yin rigakafi
Don hana cutar a cikin greenhouse, dole ne a kai a kai akai, ba don overwet kasar gona da iska. Har ila yau wajibi ne a lura da nisa da aka ba da shawarar tsakanin bushes a lokacin dasa da taki. Don rigakafin, gabatarwa da furotin a cikin shinge ta hanyar amfani da hanyar drip.
Za a iya shafa kwayoyi a cikin greenhouse:
- launin toka - don prophylaxis, ana buƙatar yin amfani da jiragen sama na yau da kullum don magani, kawar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire;
- farar fata - tsokani da karfi ƙasa moistening da high zafi a cikin greenhouse. Ana bi da shi ta hanyar jiyya tare da shirye-shiryen "Falcon", "Euparin", jan sulphate;
- powdery mildew - tasowa lokacin da overmoistening na iska da ƙasa. An bi da shi da jan karfe sulfate da sabulu bayani;
- marigayi - tare da shan kashi na tsire-tsire an cire.
Daga kwari a kan strawberries a high zafi iya kai hari slugs. Don kawar da su, za ku buƙaci saita tarkuna ko tattara kwari da hannu. Saboda haka, a lokacin da girma strawberries a cikin wani greenhouse, za ka iya harbe kusan shekara-shekara girbi.
Tsarin gine-gine a cikin noma na shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa mai rufe yana samar da sharaɗɗan sharaɗi ga wannan Berry kuma ya ba ka damar cimma yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kayanan fasaha da muka bayyana a sama suna yin saurin ci gaba mai sauƙi kuma mai araha.
Mai amfani da Masu Amfani
