Lavender (lat. Lavandula) - wakilin wakilin jinsin iyali na Yasnotkovyh (Lamiaceae ko Labiatae). Sunan ya zo daga Girkanci. "Lava", wanda ke nufin "wanke", ya kasance ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a zamanin Girka na baya, aka saka lavender a cikin wanka. Kwayar Botanists sun ɓoye nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in shuka na wannan shuka. Lavender ne daga Rum. Tun da lavender ba wai kawai mai ban sha'awa ba, amma kuma wasu kayan magani, mutane suna son shuka kuma sun dace da Lavender zuwa rayuwa a gida, ko kuma, sun fara girma furanni da furanni a cikin tukwane da kuma gadaje na flower.
Girma Lavender a gida ya hada da zabar wuri mai dacewa, shirya tsaba, da kuma rarraba su. Wani muhimmin alama na girma Lavender a gida shine ikon yin amfani da takin gargajiya.
Girma Lavender a gida yana da sauƙin idan kun kasance mai farin ciki na gida mai rani inda za ku iya shuka lavender a kan sikelin masana'antu, gwaji tare da iri. A gida, duk abin da ya fi sauƙi, tun da za ka iya karba akwati na musamman, gwaji tare da yin amfani da magudanar ruwa. Kuma mafi mahimmanci: a gida kana da zarafi don shuka lavender a wani wuri mai duhu inda bazai buƙatar ƙarin bunkasa masu bunkasa ba.
Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa Lavender a cikin tukunya yana da tsire-tsire mai tsanani kuma yana haifar da matsala, amma wannan labari ne. Yana da kyau yiwuwa shuka Lavender daga tsaba a cikin tukunya a kan taga sill: da shuka kanta ne unpretentious. A matsakaici windowsills da flower gadaje, za mu iya samun sau da yawa sami 2 iri lavender: sarari kuma ƙananan-leaved. Dukkan wadannan jinsuna sun fara girma da kyau. Za mu magana game da manyan intricacies da asirin lavender, game da dokokin dasa da kula a cikin wannan labarin.
Shin kuna sani? Idan kana zaune a Arewa ko kusa da Arewa, to, ya kamata ka zabi wani yalwaci mai lakaɗa, kamar yadda ya fi sanyi.
A cikin abin da tukunya ya girma lavender, zaɓi girman
Tushen tsire-tsire masu girma suna buƙatar mai yawa sararin samaniya don su iya ciyar da furanni da ganye. Don kulawa da kyau da shuka shuki, dole ne ka fara karba tukunya ko akwati daidai, saboda ko da lokacin bazara, rani da farkon kaka ka furancin gonar da kake amfani da shi a fili, har yanzu kana so ka cire shi don hunturu (wanda ba lallai ba ne, Kuna iya boye lavender daga iska) a cikin "tsari" mai kyau da kuma dadi. Wannan inji, farawa tare da ƙwaya, yana son manyan tukwane da kwantena.
Yana da muhimmanci! Koda koda za ku shuka wata lavani, zabi hanyar da za a iya amfani da shi a matsakaici.
Domin tanada don samun kulawa mai kyau da kuma dacewa, ya kamata ka tuna da alamu ɗaya - ƙananan tukunya, da ƙasa da ganyayyaki da girma, ƙananan furanni. Akwatin (tukunya) ya zama akalla lita 2 cikin ƙara kuma kimanin 30 cm a diamita.Kanjin ya kamata ya sami ramuka masu isa don tsabtace ruwa, amma birane ko malalewa kada ya "rufe" wadannan ramukan a lokacin dasa.
Yadda za a zabi wani wuri don lavender
Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa Lavender ba a nufi don rayuwa mai ciki ba, amma wannan batu ne. Haka ne, Lavender na bukatar wasu kulawa na musamman, amma duk tsire-tsire suna buƙatar kulawa! Saboda haka babban mahimmanci a cikin ingancin furenku zai kasance wurin "rayuwarsa". A nan, ra'ayoyin masu kare dabbobi sun bambanta: wasu sunyi imani da cewa Lavender yana jin dadi a fili, wasu - a cikin yanayin gida.
A kowane hali, mafi kyaun tsari ga lavender zai kasance wuri mai kyau, wanda aka ƙi. Idan ka bar flower don hunturu a waje, zaka iya rufe shi. Kasashen da aka shuka shuka yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman: yana da kyau a yi amfani da cakuda peat da yashi kuma ku tuna cewa kasar gona dole ne ya zama alkaline.
Shin kuna sani? Lavender ne mafi alhẽri kada ku dasa a kan windowsill, inda akwai baturi, kamar yadda zai bushe shi.
Lavender kula
Lavender yana buƙatar kulawa da dasawa da kyau, wanda aka gudanar da kyau a ko'ina cikin girma da ci gaba da shuka. Mun riga mun ambata bukatun samun damar hasken rana zuwa ganyayyaki da furanni na shuka, don haka yafi kyau a sanya tukunyar lakaran da ke kudu. A lokacin rani, ana gudanar da lagon don "tafiya" akan baranda. Amma tafiya ya kamata fara da sa'a daya, domin idan ka bar shuka a waje na dogon lokaci, zai iya fadowa daga hadarin oxygen.
Lavender sosai thermophilic, amma ba ya son bushewa. A cikin hunturu, ya fi kyau a saka Lavender a kan taga sill a kudanci (idan zai yiwu), amma zafin jiki na digiri na 10-15 zai zama mafi kyau. Amma zazzabi, hasken haske da wuri na girma - ba duka ba ne. Domin tanadar don karɓar kulawa da dasawa da kyau, yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da shuka abincin, a datse cututtuka, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci na dasa furanni kuma ya sassauta ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci ka tuna da saurin iska, idan ba ka da wani mai tawali'u, zaka iya amfani da bindiga mai mahimmanci kuma yad da shuka tare da ruwa mai tsafta.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan flower ɗinka ba shi da isasshen hasken, to, saboda lokacin hunturu zaka iya samar da shi tare da ƙarin haske, ciki har da fitila mai fitila kusa da shi.
Top dressing
Babban abu kana bukatar ka tuna game da lavender -Ganye ba ya jure wa kayan magani da nitrogen. Shirye-shiryen da ake bukata don ci gaba da ci gaba da shuka shine wadanda ke dauke da potassium a matsayin babban bangaren. A karo na farko (makonni bakwai) bayan shuka tsaba / dasa shukar seedling, dole ne a hadu da shuka sau ɗaya a mako tare da takin mai magani, bisa lissafin 2 g (1 toshe) na takin mai magani da lita. Ana amfani da taki mai tsabta a cikin qwai, wanda zai kula da ma'auni na alkali a cikin ƙasa. Idan lavender yayi girma a ƙasa, to ya kamata a hadu da shi a farkon flowering tare da takin mai magani (alal misali, aikin gona) da kuma bayan flowering (kowane ma'adinai na ma'adinai) tare da lissafin lita 3 a daji.
Features na watering a cikin hunturu da kuma bazara
Lavender yana buƙatar watering kawai a lokacin lokacin fari, amma kada kuyi tunanin cewa kuna buƙatar ruwa da lavender sau ɗaya a mako. Tabbas, daga yawan cikewar gonar zai fure, amma ƙasa don dakin Lavender ya kamata ya zama rigar. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a tace ko rabu. Idan tsire-tsire har yanzu matashi ne, to, kana buƙatar ruwa shi sau biyu a rana: da safe da maraice.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne kuyi ruwa ba kawai asalinsu ba, har ma da ɓangare na tsire-tsire, saboda haka yawancin lambu sun bada shawara akan shirya "ruwan sama" don fure: sau ɗaya a mako, dauki tsire-tsire a waje (saka tukwane a cikin wanka) da kuma ruwan sha, ruwa da dukan tsire-tsire da rafi mai zurfi. Amma a wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar ka yi hankali sosai kada ka lalata ganye ko launi.
Tsire-tsire-tsire
A cikin yankunan da ke kewayen birni suna kula da lafuka kuma ya dogara ne akan yadda aka dasa bishiyar, saboda idan ka yanke abincin ba daidai ba, to, babu abin da zai kula. A lavender pruning hanya mafi kyau da za'ayi a 3 matakai: rani (mafi muhimmanci), kaka da spring pruning.
Bari mu fara tare da rani datti. Domin mu datse lavender, muna buƙatar safofin hannu da magunguna. Da farko, mun yanke wadannan rassan da suke da kananan sprouts a kan tarnaƙi. Yanke zuwa waɗannan sprouts, to, za su yi girma a cikin fure. Idan rassan injin ku suna da nauyin yin tanƙwara, sa'an nan kuma yanke irin wannan reshe zuwa kasa sosai na ƙwaya. Mun kuma lura da tsire-tsire don kasancewar rassan rassan da suka bushe, wanda ma ya kamata a yanke. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan rassan sun bayyana saboda yanayin yanayi ko kuma lokacin da aka shuka.
Shin kuna sani?Yawancin pruning yana ba ka damar tara samfurin, wato furanni da ganye, wanda a wannan lokaci yafi amfani.
A lokacin kaka pruning na Lavender, babban aiki shi ne ya yanke duk furanni daga "rassan" rassan - yanke zuwa matsayin bending. Yanke lavender zai iya zama gajere, ba sosai ba, yana dogara ne akan lokacin "ɗaga" kodan a cikin bazara.
Spring pruning na Lavender mafi kyau aikata a karshen Maris (idan yanayin yanayi yarda). Lokaci na asali yana da tsaftace tsaftacewa, domin yana nufin kawar da rassan rassan, fashe, ya juya. Ana kuma yiwa pruning ya fita don "samfurin" siffar shuka.
Yadda za a shuka wani gida lavender, shuka haifuwa
Tambayoyi da yawa sun tambayi tambaya: yadda za a shuka wani nama a gida yana da sauki! Abin da kuke buƙatar shine sapling, shinge, tsaba, labaran lavender, ƙasa (akwati), taki, felu, dafaffen foda don ƙasa da kuma wani ilmi na basira da basira.
Amfani da iska
Hanyar haifuwa na lavender air layering mafi amfani da shi a cikin wani lokacin sanyi lokacin da ƙasa danshi shi ne mafi girma. Lokacin yin amfani da wannan hanya, baza ka buƙaci shirya cututtuka ko saya tsaba ba, yana da isa ya dauki rassan tsofaffi (amma raye) a kan tsire-tsire mai girma, sare furen daga gare ta, tono karamin rami kuma tanƙwara wannan reshe a can, yayyafa shi a bisansa, ruwa shi kowane kwana biyu kuma dan kadan takin kwanaki 5-7 bayan dasa. Wannan hanya tana aiki ne ba tare da taimakonka ba: idan ka duba a karkashin wani daji na furen fure, za ka sami wasu samfurori da yawa a can, saboda sakamakon shuka na lavender.
Lavender cuttings
Yawancin masu yawan masu cin gajiyar da ba su da kwarewa ba su yi amfani da tsire-tsire ba. Mafi yawan kuskure, saboda kana buƙatar sanin ba kawai yadda za a shuka sapling lavender ba, amma kuma yadda zaka samu. Don cuttings, kana buƙatar ɗaukar samari ne, amma riga ya yi nuni da harbe-harben shekara daya daga wani daji mai kyau. Daga yankan, wajibi ne don yanke launi (ko da yake yana da shawara don zaba harbe waɗanda basu riga sun rigaya sun wanke) da kuma tsaftace ƙananan ganye da 3-4 inimita.
Don grafting muna buƙatar tukunya na matsakaici na matsakaici, yumɓu na shinge, ƙasa (cakuda sod, takarda da yashi a daidai adadin) da kuma busassun yashi. Sanya shards a kasan tukunya, sa'annan ku sa sandan mai tsabta (don mafi saurin tafarki), sa'an nan kuma kuyi ƙasa, ku rusa shi. A 1.5 cm sa wani Layer na rigar yashi a saman ƙasa. Gaba kuma, mu ɗauki kullun da aka gama, aiwatar da ci gaba da bunkasawa kuma saka sashen tsabta a ƙasa.
Domin mafi kyau da saurin, "kuɗa" shuka daga kasa tare da yatsunsu biyu. Bayan haka, ana bukatar shayar da shi. Har ila yau, muna haifar da "sakamako masu zafi" don yankan: a gida muna rufe shi da polyethylene don kada mu lalata shuka, a cikin yanayin masana'antu akwai ƙananan greenhouses da "hubcaps" don wannan. Bar stalk don mako guda a cikin irin wannan yanayi. Idan ka yi duk abin da ke da kyau, karyarka za ta iya samuwa da sauri kuma ta girma zuwa tsawo na 15 cm.
Growing lafurin iri
Bari mu magana yanzu game da yadda za a shuka lavender daga zuriyar. Sabili da haka, da farko dukkanin tsaba dole ne suyi aiki da tsari.
Shin kuna sani?Stratification - ajiye tsaba a yanayin zafi mara kyau.
Hanyar farko da mafi sauki don warwarewa ita ce amfani da yashi. Zuba tsaba a kan yashi mai yayyafa kuma yayyafa yashi mai yashi a sama, tsaftace shi kadan. Dama tare da Lavender a nannade cikin jaka kuma saka a cikin firiji (zafin jiki na 3-5 ° C). Tsarin tsari yana da kwanaki 30-60.
Hanya na biyu ita ce ɗaukar tasa mai laushi ko kowane kayan kwalliya, saka yashi na auduga a ƙasa, wanke shi, zuba tsaba a saman, sanya wani takalmin auduga mai tsabta a kan tsaba. Na gaba, muna kunshin akwati da kuma sanya a cikin firiji.
Hanyar na uku ita ce kusan ɗaya, amma a maimakon rikici muna amfani da rigar goge.
Hanya na huɗu ita ce amfani da tukunya tare da ƙasa da yashi (rabo 1: 1), zuba tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, yayyafa yashi a sama kuma kawai yasa shi a saman, kunsa cikin jakar filastik kuma saka shi cikin firiji don kwanaki 30-60.
Yana da muhimmanci!A lokacin yaduwa, kana buƙatar buƙatuwar iska tare da tsaba!
A cikin mako guda da rabi kafin ƙarshen zamani, zamu fara samun tsaba don sa'a daya daga sanyi kuma "horar da su" a cikin zazzabi. Lokacin da ka rigaya yanke shawarar shuka nama, shuka tsaba a cikin tukunya tare da ƙasa da yashi (1: 1), ba suyi zurfi a cikin ƙasa ba, yayyafa yashi a saman, shafe. Rufe tukunya tare da filastik filastik, sanya a wuri mai duhu. Muna iska da kuma fesa sau ɗaya a mako.
Idan kun bi duk shawarwarin, shuka ku za ku ji daɗi, mai ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa da launi mai ban sha'awa shekaru da yawa.
