Duk wani mai mallakar ƙasa yana ƙoƙari ya iya inganta shi da kuma ado shi, yana shirya wasu flowerbeds da mixborders. A dabi'a, ana ba da fifiko ga tsire-tsire na asali, daga cikin abin da cineraria ke da tabbaci. Yawanci ne na lambu don bayyanarsa da kuma yawancin iri, wasu daga cikin abin da zamu fahimta, da kuma koyo yadda za mu bunkasa wannan shuka a cikin ƙasa.
Bayanan Botanical
Yankin Canary da tsibirin Madagascar suna da'awar sunan mahaifar gida na wannan shuka mai ban mamaki, akwai inda aka karba rabonsa. Cineraria, ita ce asson godson,wani tsire-tsire ne, na iyalin Astrov ne, shrub ne. Fure-fure na tsire-tsire suna da nau'i daban daban dangane da sauti. Tsarin suna babban, petiolate, dissected, tare da tsarin fuka-fuka, da tushe da ganye suna da murya mai launi.
Iri da iri
Mai sayarwa a halin yanzu yana jawo sha'awar masu shayarwa da masu aikin lambu. Har zuwa yau, akwai nau'in nau'i 1300 na wannan kyakkyawa mai kyau, kodayake a cikin aikin noma, dubban mutane suna da mashahuri. Duk da cewa daga cikin irin nau'o'in cineraria akwai tsire-tsire ga namun gida, wasu shahararrun iri, da aka shuka a filin bude. Abubuwa uku mafi yawan al'ada wannan al'ada sune:
- azurfa cineraria;
- Cineraria yana da kyau;
- cineraria jini.
Kowace nau'i na cineraria ya ƙunshi nau'o'in daban-daban kuma yana da ƙayyadaddun abin da ya dace da shi, wanda zan so in zauna a cikin daki-daki.
Silver Cineraria, ko kamar yadda ake kira - teku, Mafi shahararren irin shuka, ana amfani dashi ba kawai a cikin flowerbeds na rani baƙi, amma har a cikin birane birane. Wannan jinsin, ko da yake yana da kyau, yawanci yana girma ne a cikin ƙasa a matsayin shekara-shekara, saboda kullun. Ƙananan ganyayyaki na godson godson fiye da rage domin ba shahararren flowering. Ganye na shrub ne kore, amma an rufe shi da wani lokacin farin ciki na silvery lint, wanda ya ba da sunan zuwa jinsuna. Tsuntsaye suna daɗaɗɗu a cikin ruwaye a kusa da tushe, wanda ya haifar da wani daji wanda yayi kama da ball. Wannan alama ce da ke sa zane-zane na azurfa ya fi dacewa da lambun furanni da gadaje na flower.
A cikin zane-zane, yafi amfani da iri biyu na irin wannan shuka:
- Cirrus - Wannan iri-iri ne mai girma shrubs, an rufe shi da manyan sassaka ganye tare da gefe gefuna. Launi daga cikin ganyayyaki shine halayyar dabbar da ke cikin teku, azurfa, tsayin itatuwan yana kimanin 40-45 cm.
- Azurfa na Azurfa (Ƙurlar Azurfa) - iri-iri, wanda aka fi amfani dashi don tsara iyakoki, hanyoyi, lambun gadaje. Tsawon daji ne ƙananan - kawai game da 25 cm, da foliage ne kore tare da velvety tari na haske launin toka launin. Yana da launi na ainihi, kamar idan an rufe shi da sanyi, yana janyo hankali ga masu zane-zane masu faɗi da kuma masu shuka flower growers zuwa wannan nau'in.
Cineraria yana da kyau (Cineraria elegans) wani nau'i ne da ke jin dadi sosai ga masu sha'awar flower. Girma a matsayin shekara-shekara. Yana da kyau saboda, ba kamar azurfa ba, yana da haske, cikakke furanni, wanda ya inganta karfin da yake da shi. Ganye suna kore, velvety da nap, furanni sun fi sauƙi, farin, m. Gidan yana da tsayi - 60-90 cm, tare da karfi mai tushe, babban rassan rassan, yana da hanzari sosai a lokacin dukan flowering, wanda zai fara a watan Yuni kuma zai kasance har zuwa farkon sanyi.
Daga cikin mutane da yawa irin m krestovnik lambu fi son biyu:
- Nanus - dwarf shrubs ba fãce 25 cm, halin da yawa adadin furanni na launin ruwan hoda mai laushi, a tsakiyar tsakiyar burgundy core.
- Ligulosus - cakuda iri-iri, musamman mashahuri lokacin yin flowerbeds don albarkatunsa mai kyau, yana da furanni biyu na nau'o'i daban-daban: farin, jan, Lilac.
Cineraria na jini (matasan)- duk da sunan mai suna, daji yana da kyau da kuma sabawa ga mutanen da ke da nisa daga floriculture. An gabatar da wannan jinsin a cikin manyan ɗakunan ajiya. Sakamakon bambancin wannan jinsin shine mai yawan furanni: furanni mai ban sha'awa na shuka, wanda aka tattara a cikin umbrellas, yana samar da girgije mai haske a saman shrub. Dubi mai kyau akan gadaje, tare da hanyoyi na gonar, a cikin lambun fure kusa da gidan.
Wannan jinsin ma yana wakiltar wasu shahararren shahara biyu:
Shin kuna sani? Ganye na matasan cineraria a gefen baya suna da launin purple-ja, abin da ya sa ake kira jini.
- Grandiflora - mai zagaye mai tsayi na tsawon mita 50. Furen suna da manyan, a cikin kamannin kama da mai kyamara da furanni.
- Stellata - high fluffy shrubs (70-90 cm) tare da kananan furanni a cikin nau'i na asterisks, wanda ya ba da sunan zuwa iri-iri.
Inda za a shuka cineraria
Kamar sauran tsire-tsire, godson yana bukatar ya zabi wuri mai kyau don dasa, da la'akari da manufarta, wannan batun ya kamata a yi la'akari sosai.
Har ila yau, za ku iya shuka irin waɗannan bishiyoyi konamental a kan shafinku kamar: vervain apelnaya, kayan ado sedge, Chrysanthemum na Indiya, tsantsa, almond-uku, litfoil, honeysuckle, Boumald's spirea, chubushnik, weigela, lambu camellia da magnolia
Haske da wuri
Kamar sauran itatuwan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa, cineraria ba ta son zafi, sabili da haka, zabar wurin da za ta shuka wannan amfanin gona, dole ne ka kula cewa shafin ba a karkashin hasken rana kai tsaye a zenith. A lokaci guda, don ajiyar lafiya, inji yana buƙatar mai yawa haske, daga wannan ra'ayi shafin da ke fuskantar gabas zai iya zama mafi kyau.
Shuka ƙasa
A lokacin da girma seedlings na cineraria, shi ne mafi alhẽri don amfani da musamman tattalin ƙasa cakuda bisa leaf ƙasa, yashi, takin da peat. Bugu da ari, don dasa shuki na shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa, ba ya buƙatar wani kulawa na musamman ga yankin gona. Ya kamata ƙasar ta kasance yanayi, sako-sako, mai tsabta da kuma gina jiki.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da ake shinge cikin ƙasa, dole ne a shuka shuke-shuken dole tare da m clod na kasar gona da aka shuka seedlings.
Sake bugun da dasa
Don masu lambu masu kwarewa, noma na cineraria ba zai zama da wahala ba, tun lokacin da ta haifuwa ya faru a al'ada ga dukkanin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire: daga tsaba da kuma cikin hanyar da ake amfani da ita.
Tsaba
Hanyar hanyar yaduwa na yadudduka ita ce iri. Ana shuka tsaba don seedlings don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi a cikin hunturu, saboda haka tare da kafa yanayin zafi (yawanci ƙarshen watan Mayu), yana yiwuwa a dashi seedlings zuwa shafin.
Saboda haka, ana shuka shuka, saboda haka, an yi shi a Fabrairu. An shirya cakuda ƙasa a cikin tankuna, wanda ya hada da ganye da sodium, takin, da yashi. A cikin kwalaye wajibi ne don yin ramuka don tsagewa don guje wa danshi mai laushi. Dole ne a kara karar ƙasa, ana shuka tsaba daga sama, babu buƙatar zurfafa su a cikin ƙasa, saboda sun kasance kadan. Bayan dasa shuki da tsaba, dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa a dan kadan kuma a shayar da shi. Don ƙirƙirar microclimate mai ban sha'awa akwatin akwatin yana rufe fim.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don ban ruwa na tsaba da seedlings, an bada shawarar yin amfani da kogin ta hanyar ban ruwa ko hanyar nutsewar ruwa tare da ruwa daga kwalba mai laushi ko kuma ruwan sha.
Na farko harbe na seedlings bayyana, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin mako guda. Makonni biyu bayan haka, a lokacin da ganye na farko ya bayyana a kan bishiyoyin, an dasa su a cikin kwantena kuma an bar su a cikin ɗakin shade don kwanaki da yawa, bayan haka an mayar da su zuwa daki mai dumi. Ƙarin kulawa da tsire-tsire na dace da watering da kuma takin taki sau ɗaya kowace rana 10.
Tare da kafa yanayi mai dumi, an dasa bishiyoyi a ƙasa tare da clod na ƙasa a cikin ramukan da aka shirya a nesa na kimanin 25 cm daga juna.
Hanyoyi masu cin ganyayyaki
An yi amfani da hanyar cineraria grafting žasa akai-akai. Wannan hanya ba rikitarwa ba ne kuma mai ban sha'awa, ya dace da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. By cuttings za ka iya propagate da seaside azurfa cineraria. Don yin wannan, yanke minti 10 cm daga tsirrai mai shuka da shuka shi don dasawa a cikin ƙasa.
Don samfuri ta yin amfani da akwatin plywood tare da ƙananan tarnaƙi. An zuba shi a cikin ƙasa daga shafin yanar gizo da kogin yashi, daga sama da rufe cakuda da wani ƙarin yashi na yashi. Don kwantar da matashi, an bada shawara a zuba shi da wani bayani na potassium permanganate.
Yanke cututtuka sunyi zurfi a cikin ƙasa kuma haifar da sakamako na greenhouse har sai an samo asali. Don ƙirƙirar gine-gine mara kyau, za ka iya amfani da kofuna waɗanda za a iya zubar da filastik wanda ke rufe cuttings. Ana yin watering sau biyu a rana. Ba'a iya barin ƙarfin da tsire-tsire ba a hasken rana kai tsaye. Bayan kafawar cututtukan, dole ne su fara farawa don kada su mutu a karkashin yanayin al'ada. Don yin wannan, cire kullun daga gare su, na farko na tsawon sa'o'i guda a rana, kowace rana yana kara lokaci a sararin sama.
Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin gadaje a cikin bazara. Suna jira jiragen sanyi a cikin cuttings.
Hanyar kulawa
Cineraria na da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, har ma wani lambu mai kulawa ba zai iya magance shi ba, babban iko a kula da ita ita ce daidaitawa.
Watering kungiyar
Groundseller - Hailing daga yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi, saboda haka, yana son ruwan sha, saboda haka, watering ya zama kullum. A cikin yanayin zafi, zaka iya buƙatar ruwa da shuka har sau biyu a rana. Duk da haka, tare da dukkanin ƙarancin ruwan da ke cikin ruwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ruwa na ƙasa, zai iya haifar da juyawa daga asalinsu kuma flower zai mutu, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci a sassauta ƙasa a lokaci, inganta yanayin wurare. Masana masu kwarewa sun bada shawara ba wai kawai suyi ruwa ba, amma har ma su fesa ganye.
Top dressing
Cineraria, kamar kowane tsire-tsire, ana amfani da albarkatun yawa a kan samuwar buds, bi da bi, a buƙatar ciyarwa. Ƙasa wadda furen ke tsiro, dole ne ka rika takin takin mai magani tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai, yawanci akalla sau biyu a wata. A lokacin budding da flowering, inji, ban da kayan hako ma'adinai, yana buƙatar takin gargajiya, wanda zai tsawanta flowering kuma zai ceci shrub daga rashin. Ya kamata a lura cewa don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ana bada shawara don amfani da kayan na musamman.
Pruning
Ƙasa ta musamman na cineraria ba ya buƙatar, da gaske, an yi shi don dalilai na ado. Don ƙirƙirar daji za a iya yanke kowane ɓangaren tsire-tsire. Har ila yau cire fayilolin matattu - wannan wajibi ne don mika tsawon lokacin flowering.
Shin kuna sani? Ko da magunguna da ƙwayoyin undead sukan karbe su daga cineraria na azurfa, domin suna ganimar bayyanar da shuka ta hanyar homeliness.
Kwaro da cututtuka
Abin takaici sosai, cineraria mai kyau yana da matukar damuwa ga cututtuka na furanni. Abinda ke barazanar shi shine powdery mildew saba da kusan dukkanin shuke-shuke ornamental. Abin takaici, idan shuka ba shi da lafiya, to akwai yiwuwar harba wasu bishiyoyi, don haka ya fi kyau cire cireffen cututtuka, da kuma gwada shuke-shuke masu kyau a dacewa. Yin rigakafin wannan cututtuka ita ce kungiyar ta dace da al'adun gargajiya da magudanai na ƙasa, kamar yadda mikiya mai cin hanci ya fito ne daga wani abu mai laushi.
Jarabawa suna da yawa a kan ƙugiya, yawanci mafi yawan aphid da gizo-gizo. Hanyar da ake rubutu da su shine yin amfani da shirye-shiryen kwari na musamman don tsire-tsire.
Cineraria - tsire-tsire na musamman da ke haɗuwa da riguna da kyau. Yana da unpretentious a cikin namo da kulawa da kuma duba mai girma a matsayin hade kayan lambu gadaje, da kuma akayi daban-daban. Ba tare da wata shakka ba, wannan al'ada za ta yi ado da gonar gonar, baranda ko terrace.
