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Liviston rotundifolia: kula da itatuwan dabino, hanyoyi don magance cutar

Littafin dabino na littafi ne na dabino ko iyalin beca. Wannan itace mai ban mamaki, wanda ke cikin gida zuwa kasashe a Afirka, Gabashin Asiya, Ostiraliya da Oceania. Duk da irin yanayin da ake ciki na wurare masu zafi, wannan tsire-tsire yana da kyau a cikin lambu, kuma saboda kyawawan dalilai. Tsarin kamar yadda yake, yaduwa ganye na wannan shuka ornamental daidai ya dace da kuma shayar da kowane ciki.

Daga cikin wadansu abubuwan amfani da itatuwan dabino za'a iya kira shi ikon iya tsaftace iska cikin dakin.

Bayani

A cikin daji, itatuwan dabino ya kai 20-25 m tsawo, amma ɗakin yana girma zuwa mita 1.5-2. Ya yada, har zuwa 100 cm a diamita, launuka mai launin launin, wanda launi ya bambanta daga mai duhu mai duhu zuwa launin toka-kore, mai haske, a yanka zuwa 3/4.

A yanayi, ya fi son rigar, marshlands, gandun daji, tsiro kusa da ruwa, kusa da teku. An rarraba a Malaysia, New Guinea, Polynesia. Differs unpretentiousness da sauri girma. Idan akwai isasshen sarari a cikin dakin, itatuwan dabino zai iya girma ne kawai saboda sababbin ganye, ba tare da kara ƙwayar ba. A kowace shekara zai iya samarwa har zuwa ganyayyaki uku. Tuni yana da shekaru uku, inji shine kayan kayan ado, wanda ya zama sanannun mutanen lambu.

Palm yana da sunansa ga Ubangijin Livinstone, Patrick Murray, wanda yake ƙaunar kyawawan tsire-tsire kuma ya wadatar da gonarsa da fiye da 1,000. A cikin yanayi, akwai nau'ikan 36 na dabbobin Liviston, waɗanda suka fi shahara daga kudancin, da na zagaye, da na rotundifolia da na kasar Sin.

Shin kuna sani? Maganar da aka fi sani da "filin wasa na dabino" ba ta bayyana ba. A zamanin d ¯ a, an dauke itacen dabino itace itace mai tsarki, alama ce ta zaman lafiya da nasara, kuma an daidaita shi da launi na laurel. A zamanin da Girka, 'yan wasan da suka lashe gasar sun samu lambar yabo ta dabino. Ba abin mamaki bane ko da allahn nasara, Nick, an nuna shi da irin wannan sifa a hannunta.

Girmawa

Littafin litattafan dabba yana da nauyin kwarewa, kwarewa masu dacewa, sauƙi na kulawa da kuma saurin girma. Za'a iya girma da baƙo na asibiti daga tsaba ko saya a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki, to, zamu dubi dalla-dalla.

Ƙara koyo game da yadda za a yi girma gameda, dabino na kwanan rana, yucca, hoster, Belmore, cicas, chrysalidocarpus, pandanus, dracaena, pachipodium, cordilina a gida.

Shuka ƙwayar dabino

Wannan ƙasa (peat substrate), wanda tsire-tsire ke ajiye don sayarwa, ba dace da amfani dindindin ba, saboda sabon shuka zai buƙaci a transplanted. Nan da nan bayan sayan, kada kuyi haka - kula da kariya don makonni 2-3, don haka itatuwan dabino za su danne, za su yi amfani da microclimate kuma su fuskanci ƙananan damuwa a yayin da suke canzawa.

Don dasa a cikin tukunya mai tsabta, shirya:

  • ƙasa don itatuwan dabino (sayar a shagunan kayan shaguna);
  • tukunya (ba za ka iya daukar karfin girma ba don ingancin shuka, dauki ƙarfin girman girman, tare da ramuka mai kyau don magudi);
  • yanki, ƙananan duwatsu ko sauran layin gyare-gyare;
  • potassium permanganate.
Algorithm aiki:
  1. Na farko ruwa da shuka don laushi ƙasa.
  2. Nan gaba, a cire shi daga tukunya, sanya shi a cikin akwati da ruwa tare da kara da potassium, wanda ya sa kwakwalwan katako ya zama mai laushi da kuma cututtuka.
  3. Tsaftace tushen asalin ƙasa.
  4. Shirya ƙasa: zaka iya amfani da sayan ƙasa mai laushi don itatuwan dabino ko shirya kanka daga daidai sassan yashi, takin gargajiya da gonar gona.
  5. Sanya babban claydite tare da Layer na 4-5 cm akan kasa na tanki kuma cika cikin ƙasa.
  6. Nan gaba kana buƙatar ka shimfiɗa samfuran da hankali kuma ka fara yayyafa su da ƙasa. Ya kamata a kasance aƙalla 3 cm tsakanin gefen tukunya da kuma ƙasa na ƙasa. Babu buƙatar yin jinkirin kusa da ganga.
Koyi yadda za a haifi Hamedorei, kwanan dabino, yucca, dracaena.

Yadda za a shuka daga iri

Don aiwatar da wannan hanya kana bukatar ka shirya:

  • shuka tsaba;
  • kananan tankuna tare da ramukan tsawa;
  • filastik filastik;
  • ƙasa
Tsaba suna dace da dasa a cikin shekara bayan girbi. Zai fi dacewa a kasa a ƙarshen hunturu da farkon bazara. Domin yaduwa da tsire-tsire, dole ne ka fara buƙatar hanyar ƙinƙasawa - halakar harsashi na jiki ta jiki don samun damar shiga cikin amfrayo. Hakanan za'a iya yin hakan ta hanyar inji (abu mai wuya), zafi (lokacin da daskarewa da cizon ruwa tare da ruwan zãfi), sunadarai (tsinkayar iri a maganin acid). Gaba, tsaba suna buƙatar kwantar da su a cikin sa'o'i 48 a ruwa mai dumi.
Ƙara koyo game da hanyoyin maganin cututtuka - scarification da stratification.
Don shirya ƙasa a cikin sassan daidai, raɗaɗin perlite, vermiculite da ƙasa. Yankin ƙasa zai zama dumi, har zuwa + 30 ° C, wajibi ne don moisten kasar gona da alheri. Dole ne a cika kwantena don a kai kashi 1.5 cm bayan an yi haka, danna tsaba 1 cm cikin ƙasa, tare da rufe fim da wuri a wuri tare da isasshen haske. A cikin watanni 1-4, harbe zai bayyana. Fim din ya kamata a cire shi yau da kullum kuma a tanada tankuna don sa'a ɗaya.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba za mu iya bari kasar gona ta bushe ba a yayin da ake girma iri! Yana da mahimmanci kada a rufe shi tare da danshi, in ba haka ba tsaba zasu ciba.
Zai yiwu a sake dasa shuka a cikin wani akwati na dindindin lokacin da seedling ta kai 2-4 cm A lokacin da aka dasa shi, dole ne a rike tushen asali sosai, yana barin dukan duniya a kansu. An shuka shuka a yanayin da ke cikin gine-gine a karkashin fim, saboda girman fuska cire shi ba shi da daraja. Dole ne a ƙara lokaci ba tare da tsari a kowace rana ba: don 2 hours, to, don 3 hours, kawo har zuwa rana.

Kula

Tsarin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire ya hada da waɗannan al'amura:

  1. Haskewa Littafin littafi na Palm yana son mai yawa haske, saboda yana bukatar samar da mafi hasken wuri a cikin gidan. Idan a cin abincin rana akan rana hasken rana ya haskaka, zai zama da kyau a shuka shuka. Don yin kullin, juya lokaci zuwa dabino.
  2. Zazzabi A lokacin rani, ana iya ajiye shuka a waje. A cikin hunturu, yawan zazzabi ba zai fada a kasa + 8 ° C ba, yana da kyau don kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a kusa da + 15 ° C.
  3. Watering da moisturizing. Don ci gaban al'ada yana da matukar muhimmanci ƙasa da iska. Watering ya zama na yau da kullum da matsakaici. Tare da rashin isasshen danshi, ganye suna bushe, kuma idan yana da matsananciyar kima, tushen sunyi rauni. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a sanya shuka a kan pallet. Dole ne ruwa da dumi, ruwa mai tsabta. Idan ruwa ya haɗu a kan pallet, wani lokaci bayan an shayar da ruwa dole ne a shafe. Yi watsi da iska da kake buƙatar daga fatar. Hakanan zaka iya shafa ganye tare da soso mai tsami.
  4. Shuka. Launin littafi yana da siffar da ba a saba da shi ba - kwandon ganye suna bushe da rawaya. Wannan shi ne al'ada na al'ada na shuka, koda da kulawa mai kyau. Saboda jahilci game da wannan yanayin, masu shuka furanni ba su da kyau sun fara yanke shawarar ƙaddarar, wanda ke damun halin da ake ciki. Ba a buƙatar ƙwallafa ba. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole don yanke ganye da busassun busassun ganye kuma bayan da yankan ya bushe.
  5. Top dressing. A cikin bazara da watanni na rani, ana yin gyaran gyare-gyare sau 3-4 a wata. Don ciyar da tsire-tsire, zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani zuwa itatuwan dabino. Yana da mahimmanci, musamman ma a cikin hunturu, don ƙara hawan foliar. Yana da muhimmanci mu tuna cewa wajibi ne muyi tushen da foliar ciyarwa a lokuta daban-daban! Littafin littafi na Palm yana amsa sosai ga magungunan ma'adinai masu ma'adinai, misali, "Muni launi". Hakanan za'a iya kawo su duka zuwa ƙasa, kuma a yada su. Sakamakon haka ne: 1 lita na ruwa yana buƙatar 1 gefen ruwa mai ma'adinai, a cikin hunturu an ƙaddamar da maida hankali sau 2 (2 l na ruwa da kuma 1 na takin mai magani). Don yin amfani da waje, ƙaddara za ta kasance ƙasa da ƙasa: 1 tafiya na lita 3 na ruwa. Zaka iya amfani da kayan aiki daga wasu masana'antun ("Loren", "Pokon"), wanda aka tsara don itatuwan dabino. Aiwatar da su bisa ga umarnin.
  6. Wintering A lokacin sanyi, aka sanya layin dabbobin Levin a cikin wuri mafi haske a cikin gidan, zazzabi ya kamata a cikin + 15-16 ° C, ya kamata a rage watering zuwa lokaci 1 a kowace mako, kuma yawancin dressings ya kamata a rage zuwa 1 lokaci a kowace wata. Yana da mahimmanci a cikin dakin da ke cikin dakin tare da shuka.
  7. Ana tsarkake shuka. Kowace wata, a wanke kayan lambu na gida kyauta (wanke) tare da soso mai tsami. Yana da mahimmanci mahimmanci don kiyaye tushe na ganye.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsarin ya kamata ya sami isasshen sarari: idan ganyayyaki a kan bangon, taga, ko wasu abubuwa, girman su zai iya ragewa ko tsayawa gaba daya.

Tashi

Ba kamar yawan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba, dabino na Liviston yana buƙatar haɗuwa kowace 'yan shekaru. Zai zama mafi kyau duka don ƙayyade bukatar buƙata ta hanyar girman tsarin tushen: idan tushen sun girma a cikin tukunyar, ba su da isasshen wuri, za su fara fara gani a cikin ƙasa ko ramuka mai tsabta - akwai "gidaje" mai fadi da za a ba da shi a cikin dakin gida. A lokacin da ya fi dacewa don gudanar da sashi a farkon lokacin bazara.

Ƙasa don dasawa an shirya daga waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa:

  • ganye ƙasa - 2 sassa;
  • sod sodiya - 2 sassa;
  • Peat - 1 sashi;
  • Rotted taki - 1 part;
  • yashi - 1 sashi;
  • dintsi na gawayi.
Bayan shirya ƙasa, za ku iya ci gaba zuwa hanya mai sassauki:
  1. Dole ne a cire tsire-tsire a hankali tare da scapula, ƙoƙarin barin ƙasa a kan asalinsu.
  2. Tushen Rotten ya kamata a cire.
  3. Ya kamata a kula da yanka tare da farar lambu, sauran asalinsu, idan za ta yiwu, kada ku taɓa.
  4. Kamar yadda sabon tukunya ya zaɓi ƙwararrun ƙarfin, wanda zai dace ya saukar da jiki, tushen asalin shuka. Yi tsabta mai kyau a kasa daga cikin tukunya na 3-4 cm fadada yumbu ko yumbu yumbu.
  5. Zuba a cikin ɗan ƙasa don rufe malalewa, a hankali sanya tushen a cikin zobba, yayyafa da ƙasa kuma shirya kadan.
  6. Bayan dasa, dole ne a tsaftace shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tabbatar cewa matakin kasa a kan gangar jikin shuka ya dace a cikin sabon tukunya.

Tsarin hanyoyi

Saboda gaskiyar cewa itacen dabino yana tsiro tare da ɓangaren guda ɗaya, babu hanyar yaduwa na vegetative. Saboda haka, propagate wannan shuka tsaba. Amma har yanzu yana faruwa cewa ana aiwatar da matakai na layi a kan tushen asalin. Sa'an nan kuma zaka iya gwada itacen dabino tare da 'ya'ya, ko da yake wannan abu ne mai wuya kuma ba hanya mafi nasara ba.

Bincike abin da ake amfani da tsire-tsire don ofisoshin, gidajen gine-gine, ɗakin kwana, balconies.
Wani lokaci yakan faru bayan sayan a cikin tukunya ɗaya zaka iya samo nau'in matakai masu yawa, to, yana da hankali don dasa su a cikin kwantena daban daban. Yadda za a shirya wurin zama:

  1. Rage ƙasa kuma cire tumɓai da asalinsu.
  2. Yanke tushen ba a cikin wani hali ba! Suna bukatar a raba su da hankali sosai tare da yatsunsu, ƙoƙari kada su dame ƙasa a kusa da su.
  3. Tushen da aka lalace yana bukatar girke filin farar lambun.
  4. Sanya tsire-tsire a rijiyoyin, kada ka zurfafa.
  5. Yayyafa da ƙasa da kuma moisten.
Dole ne a gudanar da hanyar zama a cikin sauri, ba tare da bari tsarin tushen ya bushe ba. Har ila yau, kafin ka zauna, kana buƙatar la'akari da yiwuwar hanya, saboda dabbobin Liviston yana da zafi sosai don tuntuɓar da kuma lalata tushen tsarin. Don girma mai kyau na wurare masu zafi daga zuriyar, za ka iya bi hanyar da aka bayyana a sama. Zaku iya saya tsaba a layi ko a manyan shaguna don gonar. Yana da mahimmanci cewa a lokacin da adanar tsaba an ajiye yawan zazzabi a ƙasa + 15 ° C, in ba haka ba tsaba zai rasa yin amfani da shi, kuma kuɗin ku da lokacin za a rushe.

Kodayake masana'antun sun nuna cewa rayuwar rayuwar 'ya'yan itace na da shekaru da dama, har yanzu ya fi kyau don samun kayan sabbin kayan. Da ya fi tsayi tsaba an adana shi, ƙimar tsawon lokacin zai zama.

Tsaba dole ne ya zama cikakke, ba tare da lalacewa ba, tare da ƙwayar cuta a cikin ciki, launin wanda ya bambanta daga fari zuwa launin rawaya. Launi na nau'in nau'in nau'in kanta zai zama daban-daban ga kowane biyan kuɗi na bayarwa, daga haske mai haske zuwa launin ruwan kasa.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin karni na 60 na karni na ƙarshe, a lokacin fadin fadar sarki Hirudus na Yahuza, masu binciken ilimin kimiyya sun gano kwanan itatuwan dabino wadanda suka kai kimanin shekaru 2,000. Bayan shekaru 50, a shekarar 2005, masana kimiyya sun yi kokari su girma itatuwa daga gare su. Bayan hanyoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, ɗaya daga cikin tsaba uku ya bayyana, wanda ya raɗa masa Methusela. A yau, itacen dabino ya girma har mita 2!

Cututtuka da kwari

Yawancin cututtuka a cikin itatuwan dabino na Livist suna haifar da rashin kulawa. Hanyoyin cututtuka da hanyoyin da ake magance cututtuka mafi yawan su:

  1. Shchitovka. Tabbatar da launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye, wanda ya karu da girman, ya bushe kuma ya lalata ganye. A hankali, foliage ya zama rawaya, curls, da kuma shuka ya mutu. Hanyoyin rigakafi sun hada da yin amfani da iska a cikin dakin, na yin amfani da iska da kuma dubawa. Idan ka samu karin kwari a kan dabbobin kore, ka binciki duk tsire-tsire a cikin gidan ka kuma ware masu kamuwa. Yin amfani da takalmin auduga da aka shayar da ruwa mai tsabta, kawar da kwari, to, ku bi da bushes tare da kwari bisa ga umarnin: "Aktellik", "Phosbecid", "Aktara".
  2. Gizo-gizo mite Wannan abu ne mai banƙyama: banda gaskiyar cewa cin abinci na cin abinci a kan tsire-tsire, shi ma yana dauke da cututtukan cututtuka. Bugu da kari, yaki da wannan kwaro yana da tsayi sosai kuma yana da wahala. Za'a iya gano alamar ta wurin fararen fararen fata a kan ƙananan ganye, mai kyau yanar gizo da kuma gungu na yawan mutane. Don hana yiwuwar kula da ruwan zafi. Idan tsire-tsire ta shafi tsire-tsire, har ma tukunya, saucer da taga sill zai buƙaci a sarrafa su. Zaka iya amfani da irin wadannan kwayoyi-masu karfi: Apollo, Borneo, Akarin, Fitoverm.
  3. Mealybugs Shahararrun suna don kwari shine shaggy lice. Babban alamu na lalacewa sun haɗa da: farar fata vatoobrazny, mai kwalliya mai tsabta tare da kara bayyanar naman gwari. Don rigakafin cutar ba zai yiwu ba a hana tsire-tsire daga bushewa, kana buƙatar dubawa a cikin gida, ka shafa ganye ka kuma tsabtace su. Idan ana amfani da ku a cikin mealybugs, yi amfani da kwayoyi masu zuwa: Aktara, Konfidor, Tanrek. Kafin bugun jini, kana buƙatar ka cire worm tare da hannu tare da takalmin auduga cikin ruwa mai tsabta.
Wasu matsalolin da suke girma:
  1. Rawan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire girma. Dalilin yana iya zama rashin haske kuma ƙasawan zazzabi. Ya kamata a tuna cewa lokacin da yawan zazzabi ya sauko zuwa + 18 ° C, girma ya ragu.
  2. Chlorosis (yellowing) na ganye. Dalilin yana iya zama cin zarafin ma'auni na acid. Dole ne a gyara pH na ƙasa, yin ciyar da foliar.
  3. Yarda launin matakai a launin ruwan kasa. Daga gyare-gyare ya kamata a kawar da gaurayawan da ke dauke da furotin.
  4. Spots of rawaya da launin ruwan kasa, curling ganye. An yi shi ne ta hanyar hasken lantarki mai yawa ko kasawan watering.
Daidaitawar fasahar aikin gona a waɗannan lokuta zai iya kawar da matsaloli gaba daya.
Koyi yadda za a magance cututtuka da kwari da itatuwan dabino, kwanan wata, dracaena, yucca, zo.

Bayyanar dabino na Livist yana iya rayarwa da kuma ƙara bayanin bayanan ga kowane ciki, daidaita yanayi na cikin gida, da kuma raya shi. Idan kana da dama don samar da sararin samaniya don wannan mazaunin ƙasashe masu zafi, zai yi farin ciki da ƙarancin kyan gani!

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