Kusan duk yan lambu suna girma kabeji akan makircinsu. Farkon nau'ikan sa na farko an yi niyya ne domin amfanin sabo, na gaba sune babba don tanadin hunturu. Idan an kirkiro shugaban kabeji mafi kyau ko kuma kusa da shi, za su dawwama ba tare da matsaloli ba har sai lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ba tare da rasa ɗanɗano ba, yawanci da ruwan-ɗosai. A zabi na iri da kuma hybrids na marigayi-ripening kabeji na biyu Rasha da kuma kasashen waje zaɓi ne musamman fadi. Don yanke shawara, kuna buƙatar bincika fa'idodi da rashin amfanin su a gaba.
Mafi kyawun nau'in marigayi kabeji
Lokacin ciyayi a ƙarshen nau'in kabeji shine kwanaki 140-180. Ana girbi girbi bayan sanyi na farko, amma wannan baya shafar ingancin shugabannin kabeji. Babban ab advantagesbuwan amfãni na iri da kuma hybrids na marigayi ripening ne high yawan aiki, kiyaye inganci, da safarar su. Ana adana shugabannin kabeji akalla har sai lokacin bazara, da matsakaici - har zuwa girbi na gaba, ba tare da rasa wata hanya ba, amfanin da dandano. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan nau'ikan suna da kyakkyawan kariya. Kuma wanda yake da matukar mahimmanci ga lambu na Rasha, yawancin nau'ikan kabeji na marigayi suna da kyau don ɗaukar hoto da kayan itace.
Akwai ire-irensu da yawa iri-iri, amma ba dukansu bane.
Mai adawa F1
Hybrid na Dutch zaɓi. An ba da shawarar yin rijistar jihar na Federationungiyar Tarayya don haɓaka a cikin yankin Tsakiya, amma aikatawa yana nuna cewa yana kawo kyawawan abubuwa a cikin canjin yanayin Ural da Siberian. Ya kasance nau'in tsakiyar-marigayi, daga lokacin da seedlings ke fitowa zuwa girbi kwanaki kwanaki 130-150.
Kabeji mai Ruwa a cikin F1 ya kawo ingantaccen amfanin gona, ba tare da la'akari da yadda aka bayar lokacin bazara cikin yanayin yanayi ba
Soket yana da ƙarfi, an tashe shi. Ganyen ba su girma da yawa, ƙwayar tsakiya tayi girma sosai, saboda wannan suna tanƙwara. Farfajiyar tayi mai kyau sosai, gefen ta yayi dan kauri. An fentin su a cikin inuwa mai haske mai haske tare da tintin launin toka, wani yanki mai launi mai laushi-azurfa mai kama da kakin zuma halaye ne.
Shugabannin kabeji suna hade, na yanki, matsakaici nauyi shine 2.5-3 kg. A kan yanke, farin kabeji. Babban kututturen ba babba ba ne. Danshi ba dadi bane, manufar ta duniya ce.
Mai gabatar da karar F1 yana jin daɗin 'yan lambu don ƙoshin lafiyar fruiting (kabeji kusan bai kula da' yan ɓarna na yanayin ba), ƙarancin kashi na shugabannin kabeji (ba fiye da kashi 6-8% suna da bayyanar rashin kayan masarufi), ɗanɗano da juriya ga fusarium. Wannan cuta ce mai haɗari wanda zai iya lalata mafi yawan amfanin gona kuma har yanzu yana cikin gonar, da lokacin ajiya. Hakanan, matasan sun yi nasarar yin tsayayya da batar da marigayi, "bakar kafa". Aphids da kifin masussukan kaya da kyar sun lalata hankalin su da hankalin su. Kabeji ne unpretentious a cikin kulawa, ba ya gabatar da kara bukatun a kan inganci da takin gargajiya na substrate, shugaban kabeji crack wuya da wuya.
Bidiyo: abin da ya yi kama da Kayayyakin Kayayyakin F1
Mara
Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun nasarorin masu shayarwa na Belarusiya. An kafa shugabannin kabeji a cikin kwanaki 165-175. Su masu duhu ne kore, an rufe su da kauri mai kauri na launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, sun kai kilogiram 4-4.5. Kabeji sosai mai yawa, amma m. Jimlar yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 8-10 kg / m². Wannan mahimmin zabi ne ga waɗanda ke yin kabeji da kansu.
Mara kabeji yana da kyau sosai a cikin kayan da aka yanyanka
Ingantaccen ingancin Mara yana da kyau, a cikin ingantattun yanayi ana adana shi har zuwa watan Mayu na shekara mai zuwa. Wani fa'idar da babu tabbas ita ce kasancewar rigakafi ga yawancin nau'in rot. Shugaban kabeji da kusan kar a fasa.
Mosko ya makara
Akwai nau'i biyu na wannan nau'in - Moscow marigayi-15 da Moscow marigayi-9. Dukansu an bred na dogon lokaci, na farko a cikin 40s na ƙarni na ƙarshe, na biyu shekaru 25 daga baya. Kusan babu banbancin bambance-bambance, sai don bayyanarwar. Moscow marigayi-15 yana da tushe mai tsayi; yana da sauki a sako irin wannan kabeji, a fitar dashi a kwance shi. A cikin iri na biyu, kanti, akasin haka, ya yi ƙasa, squat, Da alama shugaban kabeji ya ta'allaka ne kai tsaye a ƙasa. Kula da ita ya fi wahala, amma keel bai shafe shi ba.
Abu ne mai sauki ka kula da kabeji marigayi-15 - shugabannin kabeji da alama suna tsaye a kafafu masu tsayi
Ana ba da shawarar irin wannan nau'in kabeji ta hanyar Rajista na Jiha don narkar da noma a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Yammacin Yamma, da Yankin Tsakiya. An adana su har zuwa tsakiyar bazara mai zuwa. Ba tare da lahani da yawa ga kansu ba, ana jure sanyi da -8-10ºС.
Karshe 9 kabeji ba ya shafar keel
Ganyen suna da yawa, m sosai, wrinkled, tare da dan kadan corrugated gefuna. Kusan babu abin shafawa. Gashin kai ya dan lalace, mai laushi, mai launin shuɗi akan yanke, mai nauyin kilogram 3.3-4.5 a matsakaici. Amma akwai kuma “zakarun” masu nauyin kilogram 8. Yawan aure yana da ƙanƙanta - 3-10%.
Bidiyo: marigayi kabeji Moscow
Amager 611
Wani tsohon zaɓi na tsakiyar-marigayi iri-zaɓi na Soviet, an haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha a cikin 1943. Babu hani akan yankin girma. Lokacin fitar da amfanin gona ya dogara da yanayin, lokacin rani shine kwanaki 117-148.
Zurfin dijital na waje mai karfin gaske shine 70-80 cm. Ganyen an dan kara girma, ana iya kusan zagaye, kuma mai kayatarwa sosai a sifa, da dan kadan abin tunawa ne. Fuska ya kusan lafazi, ko da mawuyacin hali ana iya magana da wuya. Har ila yau gefen yana lebur. Ganyen an rufe shi da kauri mai kauri irin na huɗuba. Jirgin yana da tsayi, 14-28 cm.
Ba za a iya kira halayen ɗanɗano na kabeji na Amager 611 waɗanda suka yi fice ba; ganyayyakinsa sun bushe da m
Matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin kabeji shine kilogiram 2.6-3.6. A zahiri basa birgewa. Ba za a iya kiran ɗanɗano da ya yi fice ba, kuma ganyayen ba su daɗaɗa, amma wannan kabeji yana da kyau sosai a cikin gishiri da kayan da aka yanyanka. Aiki yana nuna cewa yayin ajiya (Amager 611 na iya kasancewa har zuwa tsakiyar bazara mai zuwa), dandano ya inganta. Amma wannan kabeji dole ne ya haifar da yanayi mafi kyau duka, in ba haka ba ci gaban launin toka, necrosis da alama yana iya yiwuwa.
Snow fari
Bred a cikin USSR, amma yanzu ya shahara tare da lambu. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 130-150. An rarrabe ta ta gaba ɗaya unpretentiousness a cikin kulawa, ba a cutar da Fusarium kamuwa da cuta, ba ya wahala daga mucoal bacteriosis a lokacin ajiya. Abinda kawai ta yarda bai yarda da shi ba shine gurbin acidic.
Matsakaicin nauyin kodadadden rawaya na kai shine kilogiram 2.5-4.2. Tsarin ya kusan zagaye ko dan kadan flattened. Su ne mai yawa m, amma m. M, m kabeji, shugabannin kabeji da wuya crack. Wannan kabeji ana ɗaukar kaya, ana adana shi aƙalla tsawon watanni 6-8, amma yana ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin jiki na akalla aƙalla 8 ° C.
Dankali na Kabeji White ba kawai dadi sosai ba, har ma yana da lafiya musamman
Snow White an yaba shi musamman saboda dandano mai ban sha'awa da kuma babban abun ciki na bitamin, ƙananan abubuwa da abubuwan macro. Haka kuma, fa'idojin basu rasa amfani da yisti da gyada. Ana bada shawarar wannan kabeji a cikin abincin yara da tsofaffi.
Megaton F1
Wani matasan da aka samo a cikin gida na Russia na Netherlands daga Netherlands. Daga cikin 'yan baya sun sami ɗayan ɗayan farko. Lokacin girma shine kwanakin 136-78.
Kabeji Megaton F1 - ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun 'yan asalin Dutch a Rasha
Soket ɗin yana yaduwa, mai ƙarfi, squat. A ganye ne babba, kodadde kore, kusan zagaye, concave saboda da sosai inganta tsakiyar jijiya, corrugated tare gefen. Akwai rufin murfin kakin zuma, amma ba ma sosai ba.
Shugaban kabeji shima kodadde kore ne, mai dumin gaske, dunguwar gajeru ce. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine kilogiram 3.2-4.1. Dandano yana da ban mamaki, yawan amfanin ƙasa koyaushe ne babba. Yawancin yana da rigakafi ga Fusarium, da wuya keel da launin toka mai lalacewa. Kwayoyi a kan wannan kabeji suma ba su kula sosai.
Bidiyo: abin da yayi kama da kabeji Megaton F1
Gingerbread mutum
Rasha iri-iri, bred a tsakiyar 90s na karshe karni. Babu hani akan yankin namo. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 145-150.
Ana ɗaga soket, tsayin dutsen yana 30-34 cm, m sosai (45-55 cm a diamita). Ganyayyaki suna ko'ina, m kore. Filin yayi laushi, tare da gefen akwai walƙiyar haske. Tsarin murfin mai launin shuɗi-mai launin toka yana da kauri, a bayyane bayyane.
Fresh kabeji Kolobok ba mai dadi sosai ba, amma yayin ajiya ana daidaita yanayin
Shugaban kabeji ya kusan zagaye, a kan yanke ne kodadde kore. Matsakaicin nauyi shine kilo 5. Ku ɗanɗani yana da kyau kwarai. Fashe wannan kabeji ne musamman rare. An adana man gingerbread har zuwa Mayu na shekara mai zuwa. Yana da rigakafi ga cututtuka masu haɗari ga al'ada - fusarium, mucous da bacteriosis na bugun jini, duk nau'ikan rot. A cikin sabon tsari, wannan kabeji kusan ba a cinye shi - nan da nan bayan yankan yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci wanda ya ɓace yayin ajiya.
Cin nasarar 1474
Soviet iri-iri musamman don ƙirƙirar alamar shafi. Ko da a cikin yanayin nesa daga mafi kyau duka, wannan kabeji zai wuce akalla har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin hunturu. Idan an adana shi daidai, a watan Janairu-Fabrairu sai kawai a fara cin su. A wannan lokacin, ana inganta mahimmancin palatability, shugabannin kabeji kamar suna samun ruwan 'ya'yan itace. An ba da shawarar yin rajista na jihar don namo a yankin Volga da Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Zimovka kabeji iri-iri 1474 an bred musamman don dogon lokacin ajiya
Soket din baya da karfi sosai, dan kadan ya tashi. Ganyen ba su da yawa, babba, an yi masa fenti a launin launi mai launin shuɗi, an rufe shi da kauri mai kauri mai ruɓi. Farfajiya na farantin ganye yana matsar da shi daidai, gefuna an ankara sosai.
Matsakaicin nauyin kai shine kilogiram 2-3.6. Su ne bit flattened, tare da wajen dogon kututture. Adadin kayayyakin da ba na kayan masarufi ba su wuce 2-8%. Kabeji baya birgewa, baya fama da ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa yayin ajiya.
Harshe
Tsohon tsufa ya tabbatar da ƙarni ɗaya na lambu, wanda aka shirya a Holland. Lokacin girma shine kwanakin kwana 150-165. An nuna godiya ga kyakkyawan dandano, wanda kawai yana inganta yayin ajiyar ajiya, juriya ga yawancin cututtukan kabeji (musamman kwayan cuta), karko da kuma damar iya jurewa da sufuri da kyau. Babban dalilin shine na kowa da kowa. Wannan kabeji yana da kyau duka a cikin sabo kuma a shirye-shiryen gida.
Harshe - kabeji iri-iri girma ba wai kawai a cikin mahaifarsa ba, amma a duk faɗin duniya
Duhu mai duhu, mai yawa, shugabannin m kabeji ba tsagewa. Wannan kuma ya shafi waɗanda ke cikakke, amma ba a girbe su ba. Matsakaicin nauyin kabeji shine 3.5-5 kg. Ana cire kilogiram 9-10 daga 1 m². Harshen harshe yana ba da haƙuri tsawon lokaci fari da zafi, zai iya "gafarta" mai kula da lambun don shawowar da ba ta dace ba.
Turkiz
Jamusanci iri-iri daga ƙarshen nau'in. An girbe bayan kwanaki 165-175 bayan yawan tumatir. Ana adana shugabannin kabeji na akalla watanni 6-8, kada a fasa a cikin tsari, kuma da ƙyar ba sa kamuwa da cutar funggi. Tsire-tsire ba sa da lafiya a cikin fili, yana nuna kasancewar "mazaunin" rigakafi ga ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, keel, fusarium za da kowane nau'in kwayan cuta. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan, iri-iri ne jure fari.
Kabeji Turkiz ya yaba da kyakkyawan haƙurinsa na fari
Shugabannin matsakaici (2-3 kilogiram), zagaye na yau da kullun, kore mai duhu. Jimlar yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 8-10 kg / m². Dandano yana da kyau, mai daɗi, kabeji m. Sauer yana da kyau sosai.
Kharkov hunturu
Yawancin, kamar yadda zaka iya fahimta, ya fito ne daga Ukraine. Ya shiga rajista ne a 1976. Dalilin kabeji abu ne na gama gari - yana da kyau sabo ne, cikin shirye-shiryen da aka yi a gida, kuma ya dace don shimfida ajiya (yana kasancewa har zuwa watanni 6-8). Ripens a cikin kwanaki 160-180.
Kharkov kabeji hunturu a lokacin ajiya baya kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta
Rosette yana daɗaɗawa kaɗan, yaduwa (diamita 80-100 cm), ganyayyaki suna daɗaɗɗa, kusan suna da laushi, kawai a gefen akwai akwai guguwa mai haske. Wani lokacin farin ciki na damshi mai amfani da halayyar halaye ne. Gashin kai ya daidaita, nauyin 3.5-4.2 kilogiram. Ku ɗanɗani yana da kyau, ƙin karɓar ya yi ƙasa (babu fiye da 9%).
Bambancin yana jurewa da ƙarancin yanayin zafi da ƙima (daga -1-2ºС zuwa 35-40ºС), yana nuna halin fari. Lokacin yin ajiya, shugabannin kabeji ba su kamuwa da necrosis da bacteriosis mucous. Daga 1 m² 10-11 kg ake samu. Ba za a iya yanke kabeji cikakke har sai sanyi na farko - ba ya fasa kuma baya tabarbarewa.
Mama F1
Tumbin da jihar ta yi renon shi a yankin Volga. Shugaban kabeji ba shi da yawa musamman mai yawa, amma an adana shi har zuwa watanni shida. Lokacin girma shine kwanakin kwana 150-160.
Kabeji Mama F1 bai bambanta da yawa a cikin shugabannin kabeji, amma wannan ba ya tasiri
Sosai aka tashi. Ganyen suna da matsakaici, mai launin shuɗi, an rufe su da wuta mai ruwan sha. Hasken kusan yana da santsi, dan kadan ya saukeshi, gefuna suna ko da. Gashin kai ya dan lalace, a kan katsewar launin gero, an daidaita shi (matsakaicin nauyi - 2.5-2.7 kg). Kudin ƙi sun yi ƙasa - har zuwa 9%.
Ranar soyayya F1
A matasan da aka bred in mun gwada da kwanan nan, da sauri lashe kaunar da Rasha lambu. Lokacin girma shine kwana 140-180. Yin tsayayya da fusarium za. Akwai ƙananan shugabannin da ba na kasuwanci ba, ba su wuce 10% ba. Rayuwar shelf - watanni 7 ko fiye.
Kabeji Valentine F1 - nasarar da aka samu kwanan nan game da shayarwa, amma masu hanzari sun yaba da shi
Fitar waje yana da ƙarfi, amma ganyayyaki masu matsakaici ne, launin shuɗi. Farfajiyar kusan tana da santsi, an rufe ta da wani lokacin farin ciki mai rufin farin kakin zuma mai laushi.
Heads na matsakaici mai nauyin nauyin 3.2-3.8, ovate, farin-kore akan yanke. Higharancin girma da ƙananan kututtura halaye ne. Dandano mai ban mamaki ne kawai, kabeji na daɗaɗawa, sukari. Babban zabi don fermentation.
Shugaban sukari
Ana bayar da shawarar iri-iri daga rijistar Jiha don inganta narkar da Yammacin Siberiya; ana rarrabe ta da yanayin amfani da ita. Rayuwar shelf - akalla watanni 8. Lokacin girma shine kwanakin 160-165.
Sojin yana tashi, yana da ƙarfi. Ganyen suna da yawa, koren duhu mai duhu tare da tint na launin toka, mai ruwan hoda ba ma m. Gefen ya kusan lebur, halin kawai 'ɗan kumburi' da gogewa a gefen.
Kabeji na Sugarloaf bashi da ɗan ɗanɗanar haushi
Gashin kai yana da sihiri, fari-kore akan yanke. Gindi na da gajeru. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine kilogiram 2.2-2.8. Ba su bambanta da yawa na musamman ba, amma wannan baya tasiri ga taurin kai ta kowace hanya. Adadin samfuran kasuwancin sune kashi 93%. An bambanta iri-iri ba wai don kyakkyawan dandano da cikakkiyar rashin haushi ba. Daga cikin damar da ba ta shakkar shi ba - juriya ga keel, fusarium wilt da kwayoyin.
Orion F1
Rijistar jihar ta ba da shawarar haɓaka wannan matasan a cikin Caucasus na Arewa. Yana ɗaukar kwanaki 165-170 don yaɗaɗa kawunan.
Hanyar waje a tsaye, mara nauyi (35-40 cm), maimakon karamin aiki (68-70 cm a diamita). Ganyayyaki sun kusan zagaye, tare da ɗan gajeren petioles. Girman yana da girman 18-20 cm.Edunan kai suna da elongated, mai yawan gaske, yayi nauyi kusan kilo 2.3. A kan yanki, kabeji yana da fararen mai ma da kirim. Ku ɗanɗani ba dadi ba, har da kiyaye inganci. Har zuwa watan Mayu na shekara mai zuwa, kashi 78-80% na shugabannin kabeji na wanzuwa.
Kabeji Orion F1 mai matsakaici ne, amma kuma kabeji ne mai yawa
A matasan samu nasarar reshe bacteriosis, da ɗan muni - don fusarium. Amfanin gona ya kawo barga, ba tare da la’akari da irin sa’ar da mai lambun yake da yanayin lokacin bazara ba. Shugaban kabeji da kusan kar a fasa, ripen tare.
Lennox F1
A matasan daga Holland ne. Ba a kafa taƙaitawa kan yankin namo kiwo daga Regista State ba. Kabeji yana da kyau kuma sabo ne, kuma bayan tsawan tsawan ajiya. Gashin kai ya girma a cikin kwanaki 167-174. Rayuwar shelf - har zuwa watanni 8. Wannan kabeji godiya ga ƙaƙƙarfan tushen tsarin jure wa fari da kyau.
Kabeji Lennox F1 sananne ne saboda tsananin haƙuri
Soket din yana da daidaituwa. Ganyayyaki suna da yawa, babu makawa, masu launin kore-mai launin toka tare da lilac sheen, concave tare da tsakiyar jijiya. Farfajiyar tayi kyau da kyau, gefenta ma. Kasancewar lokacin farin ciki kakin zuma halaye ne. Gashin kai yana da sihiri, nauyin 1.6-2.4 kg, mai yawa. Jimlar yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 9-10 kg / m². Hybrid ana godiya ga abubuwan da ke cikin sukari, yana nuna babban abun ciki na bitamin C.
Bidiyo: Siffar Kasuwancin Kabeji da Ya Shahara
Shawarwarin namo
Late kabeji kula ba bambanta da girma daga wasu iri. Babban abubuwanda ke alaƙa da tsawon lokacin girma. Shugabannin kabeji sun daɗe, suna buƙatar ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki.
Hanyar saukowa da kuma shirya shi
Tun da mafi yawan Marigayi-cikakke iri-kabeji iri dauki kusan biyar zuwa shida daga lokacin da seedlings fito har zuwa shugabannin tsaba balagagge, a cikin yanayin canjin yanayi suna girma musamman tare da seedlings. Kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, ana iya dasa tsaba a cikin Rasha a yankuna na kudanci tare da yanayin canji.
Varietiesabi'u na zamani da hybrids suna da kyakkyawan rigakafi, amma gaba ɗaya kabeji yana da haɗari ga lalacewa ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta pathogenic. Don guje wa wannan, tsaba suna sha horo na musamman kafin dasawa. Don kamuwa da cuta, ana nutsar dasu cikin ruwa mai zafi (45-50ºС) na kwata na awa ɗaya, sannan a zahiri na 'yan mintoci kaɗan a cikin ruwan sanyi. Wani zaɓi kuma shine shiga cikin kayan maye na asalin halitta (Alirin-B, Maxim, Planriz, Ridomil-Gold) ko kuma a cikin haske mai ruwan hoda na potassiumgangan. Don haɓaka shuka, yi amfani da kowane irin abubuwan maye (potassium humate, Epin, Emistim-M, Zircon). An shirya mafita bisa ga umarnin mai ƙira, ana nitsar da tsaba a ciki har tsawon awanni 10-12.
Magani na potassium permanganate - daya daga cikin abubuwanda aka saba amfani dasu, soaking kabeji tsaba a ciki - ingantaccen rigakafin cututtukan fungal
Mafi kyawun lokacin don dasa shuki marigayi kabeji akan seedlings shine ƙarshen Maris ko farkon Afrilu. Transferredawannin suna canjawa zuwa ƙasa a farkon rabin May; an girbi amfanin gona a watan Oktoba. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, duk waɗannan ranakun ana jinkirtar su 12-15 kwanakin da suka gabata. Wadannan nau'ikan da hybrids ba sa tsoron kaka mai sanyi, yanayin bazai shafi ingancin kiyayewa.
Duk wani kabeji na jure dasa shi da kuma ɗaukar talauci. Sabili da haka, suna dasa shi nan da nan a cikin karamin tukwane peat. Ilasa - cakuda humus, ƙasa mai daɗin yashi a cikin daidai gwargwado. Don hana cututtukan fungal, ƙara ɗan ƙara alli ko ash ash. Kafin dasa, da substrate lafiya moisturized. Ana binne zuriyar ta 1-2 cm, yafa masa yadudduka na bakin yashi a saman.
Kabeji da aka dasa a cikin tukwane na peat za'a iya canja shi zuwa gado ba tare da cire shi daga cikin tanki ba
Har zuwa lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, ana adana kwantena a cikin duhu mai duhu a ƙarƙashin fim ko gilashi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, tsaba suna girma bayan kwanaki 7-10. Seedlings bukatar samar da hasken rana hours of 10-12 hours. Zazzabi a cikin kwanakin farko na 5-7 zuwa 12-14 ° C, sannan ya tashi zuwa 16-18 ° C. Ana amfani da daskararru akai-akai a cikin yanayin rigar mai daidaitaccen lokaci, amma ba a zuba shi ba (wannan an cika shi da haɓakar "ƙafafun baƙar fata").
Don ingantaccen haɓakar ƙwayoyin kabeji, ana buƙatar isasshen zafin jiki mai ƙarancin isa
A cikin lokaci na ganye na gaske na biyu, ana ciyar da kabeji tare da takin mai magani na ma'adinai (2-3 g a kowace lita na ruwa). Mako guda baya, ana shayar da shi da mafitacciyar hanyar don shuka (Rostock, Rastvorin, Kristalin, Kemira-Lux). Kimanin mako guda kafin dasawa a cikin ƙasa, kabeji ya fara zama mai ƙarfi, yana sauƙaƙe masa sauƙi don daidaita da sabon yanayin. Shirya don dasa shuki ya kai tsayin 17-20 cm kuma yana da ganye na gaskiya na 4-6.
Kada ku yi shakka a dasa shuki kabeji seedlings a cikin ƙasa: mazan da shuka, mafi muni yana daukan tushe a cikin sabon wuri
Bidiyo: ƙwayar kabeji mai girma
An shirya gado mai zuwa, zabar hanyar budewa. Penumbra mai haske bai dace da al'adu ba. Sakamakon babban zafi na iska da ƙasa, an keɓance kowane keɓaɓɓun wurare. Kar ku manta game da juyawa amfanin gona. Kabeji ke tsiro mafi kyau bayan beets, ganye, Legumes na Solanaceae. 'Yan dangi daga dangin Cruciferous kamar yadda ake farauttuna ba a son su.
Don namo na kabeji zabi wani bude wurin da warmed da rana
Kasar gona kabeji yana buƙatar haske, amma mai gina jiki. Ba a yarda da acidic da saline a kera ba daban. Lokacin yin tono a cikin ƙasa, humus ko takin rotted, gari dolomite, phosphorus da potassium takin mai magani ba lallai bane an gabatar dasu (ana iya maye gurbinsu da katako na itace). A cikin bazara, kwanaki 10-15 kafin dasa shuki, gado yana kwance sosai kuma ana kara takin nitrogen ma'adinai.
Humus - ingantaccen kayan aiki don haɓaka takin ƙasa
Rijiyoyin kafin dasa shuki kabeji da zubar da kyau. Tabbatar da bin tsarin dasa (aƙalla 60 cm tsakanin tsirrai da 60-70 cm tsakanin layuka), saboda kowane shugaban kabeji yana da isasshen sarari don abinci. Ana canja zuriya zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa tare da tukunya. A kasan ramin saka kadan humus, wani teaspoon na superphosphate da albasa husks to deter karin kwari. An binne kabeji zuwa ga ganye guda biyu na farko, sake shayar da yawa, mulched. Har zuwa lokacin da ya fara girma, ana gina rufin farin kayan sutura akan gado. Ko kowane seedling an keɓe shi daban da rassan fir, makullan takarda.
Ana dasa shukar kabeji a cikin ramuka na ruwa da yawa, kusan a cikin "laka"
M shuka kabeji tsaba ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa bude a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. Atasa mai zurfin of 10 cm ya kamata ya dumama zuwa ƙaramin 10-12ºС. Lokacin dasa, lura da makirci, ana sanya tsaba 3-4 a cikin kowane rijiya. Yayyafa a saman su da peat crumb ko humus (Layer 2-3 cm lokacin farin ciki).
Kabeji (iri biyu da tsire-tsire) ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa, suna samar da tsire-tsire tare da isasshen yanki don abinci mai gina jiki
Kafin seedlings ya bayyana, an rufe gado tare da filastik filastik. Sa'an nan - ƙulla tare da kayan rufewa a kan arcs. Bayan wata daya, ana iya cire mafaka na kwana ɗaya, bayan wani sati 1.5-2 - an cire gaba ɗaya. A cikin lokaci na ganiya na biyu na gaba, ana aiwatar da ƙiyayya, yana barin seedling a cikin kowace rijiyar. “Ba lallai ba ne” an yanke su tare da almakashi ko an zube shi kusa da ƙasa.
M shuka kabeji tsaba ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa bude kawai idan sauyin yanayi a yankin ya bada dama
Ruwa da seedlings a hankali. Za'a iya maye gurbin ruwa na yau da kullun tare da ruwan hoda na ruwan ƙwaya na potassium. Don karewa daga cututtukan fungal, ana amfani da kabeji da ƙyallen ƙabe ko furen ɓarnar. Soilasa a cikin gonar yana yayyafa tare da cakuda ash, kwakwalwan ƙoda da barkono ƙasa. Wannan zai taimaka tsoratar da kwari da yawa.
Karin cigaba
Karshen kabeji, kamar sauran nau'ikan, ana yanka a kai a kai, an dasa gonar. Tare da loosening, kuna buƙatar yin hankali sosai don kada ku shiga zurfin sama da 10 cm. Kimanin makonni uku bayan dasa, an spudded don bunkasa ci gaban mafi yawan ƙarin asalin. Ana maimaita hanyar bayan wani kwanaki 10-12 kuma kafin a rufe ganyayyaki a cikin sassaka kafet. A fi guntu kara, mafi sau kana bukatar ka girma da tsire-tsire.
Fi dacewa, da kabeji gado ya kamata a kwance bayan kowace watering - wannan na taimaka wa aeration daga cikin tushen, baya yarda danshi to stagnate a cikin ƙasa
Babban bangaren kulawa da kabeji shine ciyarwar da ta dace. Ta fi buƙatar danshi a watan Agusta, a lokacin samuwar kabeji. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa a kowace kwanaki 2-3, suna cin lita 7-8 na ruwa a 1 m². Bayan makonni 2-3, tsaka-tsakin tsakanin hanyoyin ya ninka, kuma ka'idodin ya haɗu har zuwa 13-15 l / m². Shouldasa ya kamata rigar zuwa zurfin akalla 8 cm. Tabbas, yawan ban ruwa ya dogara da yanayin. A cikin zafi, ana shayar da kabeji kowace rana ko ma sau biyu a rana, a sanyin safiya da yamma. Hakanan zaka iya fesa ganye da shugabannin kabeji.
Kabeji al'ada ce mai amfani da danshi, wannan kuma ya shafi sabbin tsire-tsire da aka shuka, da kuma tsirrai
Zuba ruwa kai tsaye a karkashin tushen ba a so. Suna kusa da kabeji kusa da farfajiya na ƙasa, fallasa da sauri kuma bushe fita. Zai fi kyau a shayar da shi da taimakon tsagi a cikin hanyoyin ɓoye. Idan akwai yiwuwar fasaha, za su shirya yafa masa ruwa (kabejinsa na da matukar ƙauna) da ban ruwa mai ban ruwa. Wadannan hanyoyi ba ka damar shayar da ƙasa.
Yana da rarrabawa mai yiwuwa ba don maye gurbin tsawon lokaci na fari tare da rare, sosai yalwatacce watering. Wannan shine babban dalilin fashewar kawuna.
Kimanin wata daya kafin girbi, ana rage ruwa zuwa abin da ake buƙata. Kabeji a cikin wannan yanayin zai zama juicier, sami abun ciki mai sukari a cikin iri-iri.
Lokacin ciyayi na marigayi kabeji yana da tsawo, sabili da haka, yana buƙatar mafi yawan takin a cikin kaka fiye da na farkon da matsakaici iri na ripening. Suna fara yin takin zamani a lokaci guda tare da tsaunin farko. Duk samfuran da ke dauke da nitrogen sun dace - ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium nitrate. An saka su a cikin ƙasa a cikin kudi na 10-15 g / m² ko dil a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa. Bayan wata daya, ana maimaita hanya.
Urea, kamar sauran takin mai magani na nitrogen, yana motsa kabeji don yin aiki da kore sosai
Kabeji yana da matukar kyau ga kowane takin gargajiya. Kyakkyawan riguna masu kyau shine jiko na sabo na dabbiyar saniya, digawar tsuntsu, ganye mai ɗanɗano, da ganyen Dandelion. Sun shayar da kabeji sau biyu zuwa uku a lokacin bazara tare da tazara na wata ɗaya. Kafin amfani, jiko ya kamata a tace kuma a tsarma da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:15 (idan yana da zuriyar dabbobi) ko 1:10 lokacin amfani da kowane kayan albarkatun ƙasa. Cikakken takaddun ba su da muni - Multiflor, sheet Blank, Gaspadar, Agricola, Zdorov.
Nettle jiko - mai amfani sosai gaba daya halitta taki
Kabeji ana buƙatar nitrogen, amma a farkon rabin farkon lokacin girma. A lokaci guda, shawarar da aka bada shawarar yakamata a kiyaye sosai. Ya wuce haddi barnatar da rinjayar rigakafi na shuka, na taimaka wa jari na nitrates a cikin ganyayyaki.
Da zaran shugaban kabeji ya fara nunawa, sai suka canza zuwa takin potash da phosphorus. Kafin girbi, ana shayar da kabeji marigayi sau 1-2 tare da maganin superphosphate da potassium sulfate (25-30 g a kowace l 10 na ruwa). Ko kuma zaku iya yayyafa itacen ash a gindi mai tushe kowane mako 1.5-2. An shirya jiko daga gare ta (rabin-lita mai na lita 3 na ruwan zãfi).
Ash ash itace asalin halitta na potassium da phosphorus, musamman ma ana bukatar kabeji da wuri lokacin girka shugabannin kabeji
Kada ku manta game da kayan miya na saman foliar. Kabeji reacts musamman barnatar da ga rashi a cikin ƙasa na boron da molybdenum. A tsawon lokacin, ana feshe shi sau 2-3 tare da bayani na abubuwan da aka gano - 1-2 g na potassium permanganate, zinc sulfate, sulfate jan karfe, boric acid, ammonium molybdenum acid a kowace lita na ruwa.
Bidiyo: kula da kabeji da ya shuɗe bayan shuka a cikin ƙasa
An girbe shi kawai bayan cikakken balaga. Unripe shugabannin kabeji ana adana da yawa mafi sharri. Yawancin nau'ikan da nau'ikan halittu suna jure wa ƙananan yanayin zafi ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kansu ba, don haka ya fi kyau jira tare da girbin. Mafi sau da yawa, marigayi kabeji ripen a farkon rabin Oktoba, m sau da yawa - a ƙarshen Satumba.
Advisedwararrun lambu 2-3an makonni 2-3 kafin fara girbi an shawarce su sara da tushe, yankan shi da kashi ɗaya bisa uku, kuma a ɗanɗɗaɗa tsiro a cikin ƙasa. Shugabannin kabeji za su daina kawo wadatar su da abinci mai gina jiki, haɓaka mai yawa kuma ba shakka ba za su fasa ba.
Dole a fitar da kabeji da asalinsu. Hakanan zaka iya adana shi ta wannan hanyar, "dasawa" a cikin akwati tare da peat rigar ko yashi. Amma a wannan yanayin, yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa.
Shugabannin da aka yi niyya don adanawa na dogon lokaci a hankali, suna zubar da waɗanda waɗanda ko da ƙarancin ɓarnar lalacewa suke ganuwa. An yanke kututture tare da wuka mai kaifi mai tsabta, mai tsabta, yana barin aƙalla 4-5 cm. Fuskokin gado biyu ko uku kuma basu buƙatar cirewa. Dukkan sassan ana sarrafa su, an yayyafa shi da carbon carbon foda, sulfloidal sulfur, kirfa.
Kabeji da aka yi niyyar ajiya na dogon lokaci an zaɓa a hankali
Cellar ko cellar kafin kwanciya kabeji dole ne a lalata, yana goge duk abubuwan da za'a hada dasu da maganin lemun tsami. Shugabannin kabeji a cikin Layer ɗaya an shimfiɗa su a kan shelves an rufe su da shavings, sawdust, bambaro, yashi, scraps na newsprint don kada su taɓa juna. Don hana ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan fungal, ana bada shawarar yin ƙura a ƙura da alli ko itace ash.
Don adana sarari, an ɗaure shugabannin cabburin cikin nau'i-nau'i kuma an rataye su a kan waya ko igiya da aka shimfiɗa a ƙarƙashin rufin. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyawawa don kar su taɓa juna.
Wannan sabuwar hanyar da aka saba adanar kabeji ta tanadi sarari a cikin cellar
Ko da mafi kyawun iri da kuma hybrids na marigayi kabeji ba zai yi dogon lokaci ba, idan ba ku samar masu da yanayin da ya dace ba. An adana kabeji a wuri mai duhu tare da samun iska mai kyau a zazzabi na 2-4ºС da zafi na 65-75%.
Bidiyo: girbin kabeji da adanar shi
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Dutse dutsen - marigayi kabeji, yana tsaye a cikin toho kafin frosts ba tare da matsaloli ba, idan an cire shi har sai sanyi - an adana shi cikin cellar, ya bushe don fermentation, ɗanɗano yana da daɗi, ba komai superfluous, classic. Na dasa edan harsuna da kaina, duka na yau da kullun da ja-mai-kai. Ba ya fashewa, yayi mai yawa, mai daɗi, kuma yana tafe da kyau.
Advmaster21//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Na zabi kabeji Kolobok. Unpretentious, ƙanana, sosai m shugabannin kabeji, daidai adana. Kuma sauerkraut abu ne mai kyau, kuma sabo ne. Idan an dasa marigolds a hannun dama da hagu, babu waƙoƙi. Dukansu suna da kyau da amfani.
Nikola 1//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Ina son da yawa kabeji Valentine. Gaskiya ne, ba mu yi ƙoƙarin gurza shi ba, amma an adana shi kawai - har sai Maris-Afrilu aƙalla, yayin da dandano da ƙanshin ba su kwata kwata. A cikin bazara, lokacin da kuka sare shugaban kabeji, yana jin kamar kun sare shi kawai daga gonar. Kwanan nan, Na dasa shi kawai a cikin shuki na, tsaba na Langedeaker da Zimovka waɗanda ba su taɓa yin lalata ba har shekara guda.
Penzyak//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Daga marigayi, mun daɗe girma iri-iri na Late-15. Ina son gaskiyar cewa salting wani nau'i ne mai ban mamaki kuma gaskiyar cewa yana da sauƙi a kula da shi. Yana kan babban turmi, weeding kuma spudding yayi dadi. Amma Late-9 ta Moscow ta bambanta: tana squat, tana rufe ƙasa kusa da kanta, amma tana da matuƙar tsayayya da keel. Don adana lokaci mai tsawo, za mu sami matasan Valentine.
Liarosa//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Amager - ba dadi sosai kabeji, wani tsohon iri-iri. Kolobok zai fi kyau. Yarinyata ta girmama Megaton F1 - kuma an adana shi na dogon lokaci, kuma kuna iya ferment.
Esme//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2699&start=15
Na dogon lay Ina bayar da shawarar ranar soyayya kabeji. Lallai, yana kwanciyar hankali da daɗewa. Da kyau, don salting, Na fi son ɗaukaka.
HDD//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/122577/
Yawancin lokaci Ina sa Late Moscow da Ruwan Bushegin a cikin cellar. Shugaban kabeji na iya girma babba, daga kilogiram 6. Shugaban kabeji sosai mai yawa, an adana shi daidai. Ruwan sukari na da dadi.
Gost385147//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/122577/
Kharkov hunturu yanki ne mai kyau. An adana shi tsawon lokaci;
Irishka//greenforum.com.ua/showthread.php?t=11&page=3
Ina da kabeji. Mai adawa ya tabbata har lokacin bazara, wannan shine matasan.
Natalya Alex//greenforum.com.ua/showthread.php?t=11&page=4
Ina dasa shuki da kabeji na Valentine shekara uku. An adana shi da kyau, shugabannin kabeji sune matsakaici kuma sun dace da pickling.
Uwar gandun daji//www.nn.ru/community/dom/dacha/posovetuyte_sort_kapusty.html
Girbi marigayi kabeji ya jira tsawon isa, amma ya fi abin da aka biya ta tsayar da shugabannin kabeji. Kula da al'adun yana da nasa nuws, wanda kuke buƙatar sani a gaba, amma babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin nau'ikan marigayi-ripening da hybrids. Sau da yawa zaɓin ya zama mafi wuya ga mai lambu. Bayan haka, yankin ƙasa yana da iyaka, kuma akwai da yawa iri al'adu. Kuma kowane yana da nasa abubuwan da ba za a jure shi ba.
