Wadanda suke da sha'awar aikin gona da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na gida, suna neman sababbin tsire-tsire a cikin tarin su. Ledebour's rhododendron zai iya zama irin wannan mai ban sha'awa saye. Tsunin da ke da suna mai kyau da kuma nau'in jinsin marasa jinsin, rhododendron da aka san shi ne saboda unpretentiousness da kuma farkon farkon flowering. Zai dace ya fitar da shi a cikin hunturu, lokacin da wasu tsire-tsire suka fada cikin barci, ko bar shi a cikin ƙasa - wannan shrub zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi mara kyau. Bari mu dubi shi - duba yadda za a dasa wannan furen, kamar yadda mutane ke kira kuma me ya sa yake da kyau a cikin aikin lambu.
Bayanan Botanical
Rhododendron Ledebour (har yanzu da aka sani da shiwan daji da maral) ya kasance mai tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire zuwa Altai, wanda a cikin yanayi yake tsiro ne kawai a cikin yanki na ƙasa kuma ana kiyaye shi a yankunan karewa. Daga asali daga iyalin Heather, rhododendron yana tsiro zuwa mita daya da rabi kuma yana da rassan rassan. Sunan ya ƙunshi kalmomin Helenanci biyu "rodon" da "dendron" - "fure" da "itace", daidai da haka.
Matasa harbe suna ko da yaushe daga launi-lemun-launi, waɗanda suka tsufa sune m-launin ruwan kasa tare da tinge launin ruwan kasa. A ganye a kan harbe girma m, mai haske zaitun launi, curl sama a cikin tubules da ƙarfi frosts da bude kawai a cikin dumi weather. Suna fada lokacin daji ya fara saki sababbin rassan. Furen Rhododendron - babban amfani. Su ne manyan, har zuwa 5 cm tsawo, m purple, wani lokacin akwai ruwan hoda tint. Rhododendron blooms sau biyu - a spring da kaka. Yana bada 'ya'yan itace a cikin nau'i na kwalaye.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin daji Rosemary da flowering lokaci m - na farko, mai yawa flowering, to, m. Ta haka ne daji ya huta. Don daidaita furanni har zuwa matakin dindindin, karya kashe furanni ba tare da bata lokaci ba bayan da aka bushe. Daji zai ba da ƙarfinsa ga ci gaban da kuma samuwar sabon flower buds, kuma ba don kula da tsofaffi.
Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa
Mafi kyawun duk wani tsinkayyar da ake ciki a kan tsararraki na fata - wannan shine yadda yake girma a cikin daji. Zabi penumbra don maral, wani wuri da kariya daga rassan bishiyoyi da sauran bushes ba tare da zane ba. Wannan jinsin yana son danshi da matsanancin sanyi - manufa idan akwai kandami ko tafkin a kusa. Mafi girma da furanni ya ba daji, da karin hasken da zai buƙaci.
Maral yana da tushen tushen tsarin - dasa shi a ƙarƙashin itatuwa da tushen da ke zurfi domin tsire-tsire ba sa tsangwama ga juna. Bishiya masu kyau-makwabta su ne Pine, kirji da bishiyoyi. Za'a iya buƙatar dashi idan dasa bishiya ya fara so.
Kamar rhododendron, iyalin heather ya hada da talakawa talakawa, azalea, jigon bishiya, da bishiya, Erica.
Ƙarfin zaɓin saɓo a kan siyan
Rhododendron Ledebour - mafi yawan sanyi-iri iri-iri. Zaka iya zaɓar shi ko dai a cikin gandun daji, ko a cikin ƙarfafa, ko kuma a wurin nuni. Cibiyoyin gandun daji da kararrawa sun fi dacewa - masu aiki masu aiki a can don taimaka maka ka zabi Ledebour mai kyau da kuma yin shawara kan dasa shuki da kula da shi. A nune-nunen zaku iya saya idan an riga an daidaita ku a aikin lambu. Idan kun ba da gagarumar jin daɗi, za ku iya zaɓar tsire-tsire mai rauni wanda ba ya rayuwa har zuwa tsammanin, idan yana da tushe ko kaɗan.
Shin kuna sani? Hanyoyin al'adun gabas sun dubi rhododendron alama ce ta lalata mace da jin dadin jiki. Hannunsa na ban sha'awa yana hade da son zuciya da sha'awar.
Idan ka saya biyu ko uku shekara daya daji, a shiryar da harbe da ganye. Ya kamata a yi yawa da harbe, da kuma girma girma. A kan ganyayyaki ba za a iya yin blisters, spots, stains - wannan alama ce ta kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar parasites. Kula da asalinsu, ya kamata su zama santsi, ba tare da kwakwalwa ba. Ana cigaba da saɓo ta yankan da kuma daga tsaba. Yanke da aka fitar zuwa tsawo na 20 cm, tsaba suna da lokaci don su cigaba har zuwa goma sha biyar. Wannan shine tsawo don bude ƙasa, a cikin greenhouses, rhododendron ke tsiro more readily, amma sai ya samun muni, don haka zabi wani low seedling.
Shirin mataki na Stepwise
A cikin bude ƙasa rhododendron ana dasa a kowane lokaci, sai dai don flowering. Zabi mafi kyawun watanni a gare ku daga Maris zuwa Oktoba. Ƙasa zai zama mai arziki a cikin peat, acidic, don haka tono rami mai zurfi fiye da rabin mita mai zurfi, 60 cm kuma ya cika shi da peat da yumbu a cikin rabo 4: 1. Ram a cikin rami ƙasa cakuda, tono rami a ciki don dasa shrubs. Zai fi kyau kada ku dasa shrub tare da dunƙuler ƙasa - da farko ku riƙe ta a cikin tanki da ruwa har sai tushen tsarin ya dakatar da bar iska ta fita. Canja wurin shrub a cikin ƙasa kuma ku zuba shi da gurasar har sai duk tushen tsarin da ke karkashin kasa. Yi saurin ɗaukar ƙasa, ƙara ƙarin, dama a ƙarƙashin wuyansa na asalinsu, da kuma zuba ruwa mai yawa akan filin tasowa idan kasa ta bushe.
Muna ba ku shawara ku koyi yadda za ku yi girma a Siberia, yankin Moscow da yankin Leningrad
Tsarin tushen tsarin rhododendron yana da zurfi da mahimmanci. Zai fi kyau idan kun rufe shi daga sama tare da lambun lambun - yankakken rassan da rassan itace. Moss da needles har yanzu suna dace da wannan dalili. Zuba wani layi na ciyawa a kalla 5 cm. Yi la'akari da shuka shrub, yanke wasu furanni da buds, saboda haka an yarda dukkanin tsire-tsire ba su yi fure ba, amma don tsayar. Idan babu wani wuri marar haske a kan mãkirci, kuma bishiya har yanzu sako-sako ne, kunna sanda kusa da shi. Lokacin daji yana da tushe, zaka iya tono shi.
Yi amfani dasu a Noma Noma
Tsarin sararin samaniya da kuma phytodesign yi amfani da rhododendron don matsakaicin matakin fure-fure. Ƙananan tsire-tsire masu kyau suna da kyau ga kananan lambuna, domin manyan lambun da ba a taɓa jurewa maral ba domin ya girma. An shuka rukuni na waɗannan bishiyoyi tare da hanyoyi, suna samar da ƙananan zane-zane. Masu kirkiro iri iri iri daban daban tare da yanayi daban-daban na zamani don haka lambun zai yi fure daga bazara zuwa kaka. A tsakiyar abin da aka kirkira high bushes ana shuka, kusa da gefen - low waɗanda ya halicci sakamako cascade.
Ledebour's rhododendron ya dubi kyan gani akan bishiyoyin coniferous - babu bayanin da zai isa. Abin sani kawai ya kamata a gani. Don ƙananan ƙwayar kayan lambu da kayan ciyawa. An dasa maral dabam dabam daga wasu abubuwa na gonar - gadaje na gadaje da ruwaye, don kada su janye hankali daga juna. Popular Landing kusa da pork ko terrace a kan ƙasa Lawn. Don nunin nunin faifai yana daukar nau'i iri iri, amma a koyaushe ana dasa su a kungiyoyi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Mafi sau da yawa, rhododendron yana shafar cututtukan fungal na yanayi. Mafi mũnin su ne chlorosis da tsatsa. Don hana shuka daga mutuwa, tofa shi da jan karfe sulphate kuma ƙara ƙurar baƙin ƙarfe zuwa ruwa da abin da kuke sha.
Care Tips
Ledum ba shi da kyau, babban abu shi ne wurin da aka zaɓa. Hanyar don kulawa da aka gudanar da misali: watering, spraying, pruning matattu harbe da ganye, loosening kasar gona da kuma ciyar da ake bukata.
Watering
Ruwa da Rosemary bukatar sau da yawa kuma kawai ruwa mai laushi. Zaka iya tattara ruwan sama, zaka iya tattara shi a gaban lokaci kuma ka tsaya tare da dintsi na peat don kara yawan acidity. Da karin yawan watering, mafi kyau daji za su yi fure a gaba shekara. Kada ku ambaliya, ku tabbata cewa tushen baya samar da puddles. Bukatun rudodendron ban ruwa na ƙayyadadden ƙwayoyi - sun bushe lokacin da rashin isasshen laka. A cikin zafi mai tsanani, za a sami gandun daji ta hanyar yaduwa daga ragowar guntu da ƙarin inuwa.
Weeding
Gwangwani suna nutse fitar da tushen tsarin dajiyar daji ta hanyar cire kayan na gina jiki daga ƙasa. Akwai kayan lambu da ke yaki da maganin, amma suna da tsada, kuma ba'a san yadda zafin zai yi musu ba. Saboda haka, mafi kyau bayani zai zama manual weeding. Idan wani lokaci ya sassauta ƙasa tare da sap, weeds waɗanda basu riga sun girma ba zasu rushe saboda yana da wuya a halakar da weeds. Babban abu - ba sap tushen tsarin daji Rosemary. Wani kwanciyar hankali na ciyawa shine ma'auni mai kyau. Kada ka manta ka sha ruwan daji, yayin da danshi ya wuce sannu a hankali ta hanyar kuka da kwakwalwan kwamfuta.
Top dressing
Rhododendrons yana buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa a kowane lokaci, har ma a cikin bazara wanda aka dasa su. Mafi kyau shine gyaran nama na nama da kashi ko ƙaya. Rushewar mutum da tsoma dabbobin gida ba zasuyi ba - suna gurɓata ƙasa kawai. Takin daji a lokacin girma da kananan harbe, to, yana bukatar karin kayan abinci mafi yawa. Cika kayan lambu ko gari tare da ruwa mai laushi a cikin rabo daga 1:15 sannan a kawo shi.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin 401 BC. er Sojojin Helenanci sun koma baya bayan yaƙin tare da Farisa a fadin Caucasus, a gefen rhododendrons. Daɗewa ta hanya mai tsawo da nasara mara nasara, matafiya sun yi tuntuɓe a cikin duwatsu gwangwani masu cike da cike da honeycombs. Sun yi tir da wani abincin da ba a taba gani ba, amma, tun da daɗewa, sun yi mummunar mummunar damuwa. Sojoji sun ci gaba da tafiya ta 'yan kwanaki kadan. Hutun da suka ci ya juya ya zama jan zuma wanda aka samo daga hawan gwanin na Pont-grade rhododendrons, wanda fadinsa yana dauke da toxin hallucinogenic na musamman.
Yi amfani da takin mai magani ma'adinai a hankali, suna shafar ma'auni na asalin ƙasa. Nitrogen, phosphorus da sulphate na potassium - mafi kyaun maganin ciyar. Wani superphosphate zai yi. An dauki kananan kwayoyi: har zuwa 40 g ta mita 1. m mãkirci kafin flowering da kuma 20 g - bayan.
Pruning
Don samar da harbe pruning an yi amfani dashi - daji yana riƙe da siffar daidai kanta. Pruning iya sarrafa tsawo na girma da kuma sabunta tsohon bushes. Yanke gawa da kuma busassun bushe da ake bukata a farkon spring, kafin daji tada. Idan rassan sun yi girma fiye da 2 cm, dole ne a sare ta da bambance-bambancen don kada ruwan yaji ya ɓace. Ana kashe bishiyoyin da aka kashe a cikin gaggawa, don haka sap na daji ya fara samar da sababbin buds.
Wintering
A tsakiyar kudancin kudancin kudancin, maral bishiya yana shinge koda ba tare da tsari ba - hadari mai tsanani zai iya cutar da furanni. Masu lambu a yankuna masu sanyi suna bukatar kula da su. Yawancin lokaci, an rufe maral da kullun ko wani zane mai tsada don hunturu, kafin kwanciya da spruce da kuma rassan bishiyoyi na pine domin gyaran fuska tsakanin tsirrai daji. An kaddamar da yatsa daga sama tare da igiyoyi - ba mai da hankali ba, amma don haka daji ya rike a cikin tarin. Kada ka rabu da majaja har sai spring, cire burlap kawai tare da farkon farkon kwanakin dumi lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi uku na haifuwa na rhododendron - cuttings, tsaba da layering. Girman shuka shine mafi wuya kuma tsawon lokaci. Ƙananan bishiyar da ke kawo cikas suna girma a hankali kuma suna da tsauri tare da kulawa mara kyau. Yankan - hanya ba sauƙin ba, amma har yanzu ya fi dacewa: ƙananan bishiyoyi sun girma daga cuttings girma girma, duka a cikin girman da kuma a cikin inflorescences.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsire-tsire na rhododendron yana bukatar girma daga watanni shida zuwa shekara, kuma sun yi fure a cikin ta shida ko takwas bayan saukarwa a ƙasa. Zai zama sauƙin da sauri don saya sapling mai kyau ko yada shuka a wata hanya.
Shiryawa
Hanyar da ta fi sauri kuma ta fi dacewa don fadada rhododendron shine a dauki wani matashi, mai saurin gudu daga gare ta. Da karin harbe da kuke dauka a cikin bazara, da karin ƙananan bushes za ku samu a ƙarshen kakar wasa. Da farko dai kana buƙatar lura da karfi, mai saurin harbe ka kuma zana tsagi kusa da su tare da zurfin akalla 15 cm.Kannan kana buƙatar tanƙwasa waɗannan harbe da kuma haɗa su a tsakiya zuwa ƙasa. A saman wurin abin da aka makala kana buƙatar zuba ƙasa mai haɗi tare da peat, kuma kusa da fitar da furo. Wannan fatar za ta kasance goyon baya ga ƙananan ƙananan, waɗanda aka sanya su a tsaye kuma a haɗa su da goyon baya.
A lokacin lokuta na flowering da tsakanin su akwai wajibi ne a ruwa da babban babban daji da kuma wurin abin da aka makala na harbe a kasa. Ruwa da peat za su taimaka wajen fitar da tushen tsarin a harbe da kuma rushewa. A cikin fall, za ku iya raba rassan kananan daga uwar daji tare da mai ba da kariya kuma dasa shi a sabon wuri. Wannan hanya ce mai kyau don sauƙin da kuma babban yawan rooting matasa harbe.
Cuttings
Domin haɗin gwanin ya yi nasara, rhododendron za a duba bayan da yawa. A farkon lokacin bazara, kana buƙatar zaɓar rassan rassan, wanda ya fara fara rufe shi. Sa'an nan kuma suna buƙatar a yanke su cikin cuttings, kowace 5-7 cm tsawo, kuma wata rana don jure wa sassan cikin tushen girma stimulator. Lokacin da tushen tsarin fara farawa a cikin cuttings, dole ne a canza su zuwa akwatin tare da cakuda peat-yashi (kashi 3: 1) a karkashin murfin polyethylene. A cikin wannan na gida greenhouse cuttings dole ne tushen.
Shin kuna sani? Masanin burbushin Birtaniya George Forest don gano sababbin nau'o'in rhododendron ya fuskanci gwaji masu ban mamaki a lokacin rani na 1905. Bisa ga alama, ya kasance a tsakiyar rikice-rikice tsakanin firistoci na Tibet da Birtaniya. A hadarin da ake kashewa, Forest ya yi yawo kusa da Himalayas har tsawon makonni, ya rasa mutane daga masu hijira har sai an bar mutum daya kadai. Ya gudanar da shi zuwa wani kauye da ke da ƙauyuka, waɗanda suka ɗauka shi a fadin jirgin kuma ya nuna hanya. Wannan balaguro ya kasa, amma duk tsawon shekarun rayuwarsa, Kayan daji ya wuce kusan bakwai kuma ya bayyana wa duniya fiye da nau'in nau'o'in irin wadannan tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki.
An yi amfani da maral da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin ƙasa fiye da shekaru goma sha hudu da rabi. Kashi na gaba shine mataki na farfadowa, inda aka dasa sutura a cikin kwalaye guda tare da peat da needles (rabo 2: 1). A cikinsu, maral yana fuskantar hunturu, kuma a farkon kakar wasa an dasa shi tsaye a cikin ƙasa tare da akwati don kada tsarin lalacewa ya lalace. A nan ne ya yi amfani da sababbin yanayi, saboda hunturu an dawo da shi zuwa wurin, kuma a shekara ta uku an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, rudodendron Ledebour yana da tsire-tsire. Ko da yake kyau. Abinda yake da ban mamaki yayi girma sau biyu a kakar yana biya duk kokarin da aka kashe akan shi. Rhododendron ya dubi kyan gani a kan tsaunuka mai tsayi, kuma kusa da jin dadi mai yawa. Duk da alherinsa, sai ya yarda da gishiri mai karfi kuma yana iya ba da harbe don grafting da cuttings. Ka tuna da ka'idodin kula da rhododendron da siffofin haifuwa. Bayan sayi wasu samfurori da dama a cikin gandun daji, za ku iya ninka su a cikin shirinku na shekaru da yawa kuma kuyi wannan daji mai ban sha'awa da girmanku da farin ciki.
